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1.
目的探讨超声引导下经皮肺穿刺组织学活检在周围型肺病变(PPL)中的应用价值。 方法回顾性选取2015年1月至2019年12月就诊于西安交通大学第二附属医院,具有完整病例资料的PPL患者176例。所有患者均经胸部CT等影像学检查明确诊断为PPL,均进行超声引导下经皮肺穿刺活检术,并均行手术治疗取得最终病理学诊断结果。分析超声引导下穿刺取材成功率,以手术后病理结果为金标准,计算超声引导下经皮肺穿刺活检诊断PPL的效能,并观察穿刺术后并发症发生率。 结果176例患者中,172例取材成功,取材成功率为97.72%(172/176)。与术后病理结果比较,超声引导下穿刺活检诊断正确168例,诊断准确性为97.67%(168/172),余4例肺腺癌伴坏死感染穿刺活检诊断为炎性坏死组织。以外科手术后病理结果为金标准,超声引导经皮肺穿刺诊断肺周围型恶性肿瘤的敏感度为96.77%(120/124),特异度100%(48/48),阴性预测值为92.31%(48/52),阳性预测值为100%(120/120)。超声引导经皮肺穿刺活检术后出现少量气胸9例,少量胸腔积液8例,痰中带血丝6例,并发症发生率为13.07%(23/176)。 结论超声引导下经皮肺穿刺活检是一种微创、便捷、安全的检查技术,对PPL具有较高的诊断价值,值得临床推广应用。  相似文献   
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Spontaneous pneumothorax is an uncommon problem in childhood. However, it is frequent enough that most paediatricians will encounter this at some point in their careers. Traditional management for children and young people with a moderate to large pneumothorax has involved either needle thoracocentesis, chest drain insertion or both. However, recent clinical trials have suggested that a conservative approach may be possible and in some circumstances preferable to immediate intervention. This short article offers a suggested framework for management of spontaneous pneumothorax in children and young people.  相似文献   
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目的观察揿针耳穴贴压在体外受精-胚胎移植(IVF-ET)经阴道超声穿刺取卵术中的镇痛效果及不良反应,探讨其可能的镇痛机理。方法将2020年1月至2021年2月收治的210例行IVF-ET经阴道超声穿刺取卵术的患者按治疗方法分为3组:揿针组、耳穴压豆组、药物对照组,每组70例。揿针组和耳穴压豆组选穴均为双侧子宫、盆腔、神门、交感、皮质下、内分泌,分别予揿针和耳豆贴压,药物对照组选吲哚美辛0.1 g纳肛,比较3组患者取卵术中及术后1 h的疼痛分级指数(PRI)、现有疼痛强度(PPI)、目测类比定级法(VAS),术中及术后不良反应发生率、取卵手术时间及获卵数。结果3组的取卵时间、获卵数差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。揿针组、耳穴压豆组及药物对照组的术中及术后1 h PRI、VAS、PPI评分呈增高趋势,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。揿针组(8.57%)、耳穴压豆组(10.00%)总不良反应发生率低于药物对照组(34.29%),差异有统计学意义(P<0.01)。结论揿针在IVF-ET经阴道取卵术中镇痛效果好,术中及术后不良反应发生率低,且效果优于耳穴压豆。  相似文献   
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目的探讨高频超声检查结合粗针穿刺活检(CNB)在鉴别乳腺癌中的应用及其与血清糖类抗原153(CA153)、CA125的相关性。方法选取138例乳腺肿块患者,经术后病理检查明确为乳腺癌患者71例作为乳腺癌组,67例乳腺良性病变患者为良性乳腺疾病组,比较各组CNB结果以及血清CA125、CA153水平,分析高频超声结合CNB对乳腺癌的诊断价值。结果138例乳腺肿物患者经高频超声引导下CNB病理检查,发现乳腺良性病变69例(50.00%),乳腺癌69例(50.00%),与肿物切除术后病理检查比较,高频超声引导下CNB检查对乳腺癌的鉴别准确率为94.20%,灵敏度92.96%,特异度95.52%。乳腺癌组患者血清糖类抗原125(CA125)、CA153均高于良性乳腺疾病组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。经Pearson相关分析,超声检查显示肿物边界不清晰、形态不规则、内部回声不均匀、CNB检查恶性的乳腺肿块患者血清CA153、CA125的表达高于边界清晰、形态规则、内部回声均匀、CNB检查良性的患者(P<0.05)。结论肿瘤标志物CA125、CA153的表达与乳腺癌超声表现、CNB检查和术后病理结果密切相关,高频超声引导下的CNB可对乳腺癌进行较准确的鉴别,为乳腺肿块患者提供较准确的治疗指导。  相似文献   
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BackgroundIn order to avoid excessive treatment of thyroid nodules in the clinic, it is necessary to find a simple and practical analysis method to comprehensively and accurately reflect benign or malignant thyroid nodules. This study aimed to construct and validate a comprehensive and reliable network-based predictive model using a variety of imaging and laboratory criteria for thyroid nodules to stratify the risk of malignancy prior to surgery.MethodsWe retrospectively analyzed data from patients who underwent surgical treatment for thyroid nodules at the Thyroid and Breast Diagnosis and Treatment Center of Weifang Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine between January 2018 and December 2020. Binary logical regression analysis was performed to predict whether nodules were malignant or benign. The developmental dataset included 457 patients (January 2018–December 2020). The validation set included separate data points (n = 225, January 2018–December 2020).ResultsIn this study, criteria that showed significant predictive value for malignant nodules included TI-RADS: 4b (p = 0.065); Bethesda IV, Bethesda V, Bethesda VI (P < 0.0001); BRAFV600E mutation (P < 0.0001); Calcitonin>5 pg/ml (p = 0.0037); and FNA-Tg>30 ng/ml (p = 0.0003). A 10-grade risk scoring system was developed. The risk of malignancy risk ranged from 2.06% to 100% and was positively associated with increasing risk grade. The areas under the receiver-operating characteristic curve of the development and validation sets were 0.972 and 0.946, respectively.ConclusionA simple, comprehensive and reliable web-based predictive model was designed using a variety of imaging and laboratory criteria to stratify thyroid nodules by probability of malignancy.  相似文献   
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BackgroundFiliform needle acupuncture (FNA), the most classical and widely applied acupuncture method based on traditional Chinese medicine theory, has shown a promising effect in the treatment of allergic rhinitis (AR).ObjectiveTo evaluate the efficacy, safety, cost-effectiveness, and patient preference of FNA in the treatment of AR by comparing FNA with sham acupuncture, no treatment, and conventional medication.Search strategyEight electronic databases were systematically searched from inception to October 14, 2021. Additional studies were acquired from clinical trial registration platforms and reference lists.Inclusion criteriaRandomized controlled trials were included if they compared FNA with either sham acupuncture, no treatment or conventional medication for AR.Data extraction and analysisTwo researchers extracted data independently of each other using a predesigned data acquisition form, and results were cross-checked after completion. The primary outcome was symptom score (Total Nasal Symptom Score or Visual Analogue Scale), and the secondary outcomes were the AR control questionnaire, quality of life (QoL) score (Different versions of Rhinoconjunctivitis Quality of Life Questionnaire), medication score (use of rescue medication), mental health score, total IgE, adverse event rate, clinical economic indicators, and patient satisfaction score. Standardized mean difference (SMD) or mean difference (MD) with 95% confidence interval was used to calculate the effect size for continuous data, while risk ratio with 95% CI was used for dichotomous data.ResultsThirty studies were included in this review. Compared with sham acupuncture, FNA significantly reduced the symptom score (SMD: ?0.29 [?0.43, ?0.15]), AR’s impact on QoL (SMD: ?0.23 [?0.37, ?0.08]) and medication score (SMD: ?0.3 [?0.49, ?0.11]). Compared with no treatment, FNA dramatically reduced the symptom score (SMD: ?0.8 [?1.2, ?0.39]) and AR’s impact on QoL (SMD: ?0.82 [?1.13, ?0.52]). There were no increased rates of adverse events with FNA compared to sham acupuncture and no treatment. FNA increased patient satisfaction and may be cost-effective. Most pieces of evidence from the above two comparisons were of high confidence. Moreover, FNA significantly outperformed conventional medication in reducing the symptom score (SMD: ?0.48 [?0.85, ?0.1]) and displayed a lower rate of adverse events, but the quality of evidence was very low.ConclusionFNA is an effective and safe intervention for AR and can help with symptom relief, QoL improvement, reducing medication usage, and increasing patient satisfaction. Further studies are needed to verify its cost-effectiveness and superiority over conventional medication and the best therapeutic strategies.  相似文献   
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目的 观察张氏头针治疗儿童多发性抽动症的临床疗效。方法 2019年3月至2020年12月共招募多发性抽动症儿童60例,随机分为头针组和硫必利组,每组各30例。头针组采用毫针针刺双侧运动区、舞蹈震颤控制区及百会、印堂,每周治疗3次,1个月为1个疗程,共治疗4个疗程;硫必利组给予盐酸硫必利片50-100 mg/次,2次/天,1个月为1个疗程,共治疗4个疗程。比较两组患者治疗前后耶鲁综合抽动严重程度量表(Yale global Tic severity scale,YGTSS)、中医证候积分、SF-36健康调查简表(the MOS item short from health survey,SF-36)及临床疗效评价结果。结果 头针组合硫必利组组内比较:二组的YGTSS评分、中医证候积分与治疗前相比具有显著统计学差异(P<0.05),SF-36评分中头针组在生理功能、生理职能、总体健康、情感职能、心理健康等5个维度的评分高于治疗前,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);硫必利组在生理功能、生理职能、总体健康、心理健康等5个维度的评分高于治疗前,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);头针组合硫必利组组间比较:头针组治疗后YGTSS评分、中医证候积分均低于硫必利组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),头针组在SF-36量表中总体健康和心理健康2个维度照优于硫必利组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);治疗结束3个月随访,头针组YGTSS评分、中医证候积分均低于硫必利组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论 张氏头针能够很好的改善多发性抽动症的临床症状,提高其生活质量。  相似文献   
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