骨水泥椎体强化术后椎体再塌陷的危险因素分析

目的 :探讨骨质疏松性椎体压缩骨折经皮骨水泥椎体强化术后椎体再塌陷的危险因素。方法 :对2012年1月~2014年6月收治的304例单节段骨质疏松性椎体压缩骨折行椎体强化术患者的临床资料进行回顾性分析,包括患者的情况(年龄、性别、体重指数、腰椎骨密度、胸腰段骨折、是否存在椎体内骨坏死等)、手术因素(手术方式、骨水泥量、骨水泥呈团块样分布还是均匀弥散样分布、骨折线区域骨水泥填充是否足够等),并记录患者术后第3天、末次随访时局部Cobb角及骨水泥再塌陷例数。将上述指标作为可能相关的因素纳入单因素研究,并通过多因素Logistic回归分析得出椎体强化术后骨水泥椎体再塌陷的相关危险因素。结果:304例单节段骨质疏松性椎体压缩骨折患者均顺利完成手术,手术时间35~50min,平均41.0±3.5min。240例患者获得随访,随访时间为1~4年,平均2.6±1.1年,随访期间共有30例患者出现骨水泥椎体再塌陷,再塌陷率达12.5%。单因素分析显示,骨密度、骨水泥剂量、椎体内骨坏死、骨水泥呈团块样分布、骨折线区域骨水泥填充不足是术后骨水泥椎体再塌陷的潜在危险因素(P0.05),而患者性别、年龄、体重指数、手术方式等在两组间的差异不具有统计学意义(P0.05)。多因素分析结果显示,术前存在椎体内骨坏死、骨水泥呈团块样分布、骨折线区域骨水泥填充不足是术后骨水泥椎体再塌陷的危险因素(P0.05)。结论:术前存在椎体内骨坏死、骨水泥呈团块样分布、骨折线区域骨水泥填充不足可能是椎体强化术后骨水泥椎体发生再塌陷的独立危险因素。     

Recollapse of previous vertebral compression fracture after percutaneous vertebroplasty

Summary  This study was undertaken to investigate the incidence rate, characteristics, and predisposing factors associated with recollapse of the same vertebrae after percutaneous vertebroplasty (PVP). Recollapse of the same vertebra after PVP is the one of the complications of the procedure, and the incidence rate in our study was 3.21%. The most important predisposing factor was pre-operative osteonecrosis. Recollapse was not related to trauma. Introduction  PVP using polymethylmethacrylate has become a popular treatment for osteoporotic vertebral compression fracture. Recollapse of the same vertebrae after PVP has rarely been reported. This study was undertaken to investigate the incidence, characteristics, and predisposing factors associated with recollapse of the same vertebrae after PVP. Methods  Eleven patients (seven females and four males; mean age, 69.91 ± 5.49 years), out of a total of 343 patients, developed recollapse of the same vertebra after PVP. The 11 patients who developed recollapse comprised the “recollapse group”, while the remaining 332 patients comprised the “well-maintained group”. Results  Pre-operative magnetic resonance imaging revealed that the incidence of osteonecrosis was significantly higher in the recollapse group than the well-maintained group (p < 0.05). The degree of re-expansion of the compressed vertebral body after PVP was significantly higher in the recollapse group than in the well-maintained group (p < 0.05). Conclusions  The most important predisposing factor for recollapse was pre-operative osteonecrosis. Recollapse was not related to trauma. Osteoporotic vertebral compression fracture with osteonecrosis or pseudoarthrosis has been regarded as a relative indication for PVP; however, the findings of this study suggest that this disease category may be a relative contraindication for PVP.     

Predictive risk factors for recollapse of cemented vertebrae after percutaneous vertebroplasty: A meta-analysis

BACKGROUNDAs one of the most common complications of osteoporosis, osteoporotic vertebral compression fracture (OVCF) increases the risk of disability and mortality in elderly patients. Percutaneous vertebroplasty (PVP) is considered to be an effective, safe, and minimally invasive treatment for OVCFs. The recollapse of cemented vertebrae is one of the serious complications of PVP. However, the risk factors associated with recollapse after PVP remain controversial. AIMTo identify risk factors for the recollapse of cemented vertebrae after PVP in patients with OVCFs.METHODSA systematic search in EMBASE, MEDLINE, the Cochrane Library, and PubMed was conducted for relevant studies from inception until March 2020. Studies investigating risk factors for the recollapse of cemented vertebrae after PVP without additional trauma were selected for analysis. Odds ratios (ORs) or standardized mean differences with 95% confidence interval (CI) were calculated and heterogeneity was assessed by both the chi-squared test and the I-squared test. The methodological quality of the included studies was assessed according to the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale. RESULTSA total of nine case-control studies were included in our meta-analysis comprising 300 cases and 2674 controls. The significant risk factors for the recollapse of cemented vertebrae after PVP in OVCF patients were fractures located at the thoracolumbar junction (OR = 2.09; 95%CI: 1.30 to 3.38; P = 0.002), preoperative intravertebral cleft (OR = 2.97; 95%CI: 1.93 to 4.57; P < 0.00001), and solid lump distribution pattern of the cement (OR = 3.11; 95%CI: 1.91 to 5.07; P < 0.00001). The analysis did not support that age, gender, lumbar bone mineral density, preoperative visual analogue scale score, injected cement volume, intradiscal cement leakage, or vertebral height restoration could increase the risk for cemented vertebra recollapse after PVP in OVCFs.CONCLUSIONThis meta-analysis suggests that thoracolumbar junction fractures, preoperative intravertebral cleft, and solid lump cement distribution pattern are associated with the recollapse of cemented vertebrae after PVP in OVCF patients.