Extramedullary plasmacytoma of the gallbladder diagnosed by endoscopic ultrasound fine needle aspiration (EUS-FNA)

Extramedullary plasmacytoma (EMP) is a rare entity that can exist independently or in conjunction with underlying plasma cell myeloma (PCM). When there is underlying multiple myeloma, the presence of EMP portends a poor prognosis. The most common locations for an EMP include the gastrointestinal tract, pleura, testis, skin, peritoneum, liver, endocrine glands and lymph nodes; involvement of the gallbladder is exceedingly rare with only five other cases reported and only one of which was associated with PCM. EMP of the gallbladder can manifest as acute cholecystitis, biliary obstruction, or may be asymptomatic. Treatment is traditionally surgical resection plus adjuvant chemotherapy or autologous stem cell transplant. We present a case of a 53-year-old man with PCM who was found to have a gallbladder mass on imaging and underwent endoscopic ultrasound (EUS) guided fine needle aspiration (FNA) of the mass, which was diagnostic of a plasma cell neoplasm.     

孤立性膀胱浆细胞瘤的病例分析及文献复习

目的探讨孤立性膀胱浆细胞瘤的临床表现、诊断与治疗。方法回顾分析我院于20l9年5月10日收治的1例膀胱浆细胞瘤患者的临床病理特征资料、诊疗过程、随访情况,总结现有文献讨论并总结本病诊治心得。结果51岁女性,因尿急尿痛入院。术前CT增强考虑肿瘤性病变,未除外膀胱癌,行膀胱镜检查+经尿道膀胱肿瘤电切术。术后病理提示为黏膜固有层内见大小一致的肿瘤细胞弥漫浸润,核偏位,呈浆细胞样,核分裂象罕见,高度疑为浆细胞瘤。免疫组化染色:Ki67(2%+),CD38(+),CD138(+),Kappa(+),Lambda(–)。术后予行进一步放疗(50Gy/25F),7个月后复查未见肿瘤复发及转移。结论膀胱浆细胞瘤临床上极其罕见,无特征性临床表现,治疗推荐选用根治性放疗联合手术切除;另外,血液科、放疗科和外科医师间的紧密协作对于制定合适的治疗方案至关重要。     

Testicular plasmacytoma with bone dissemination without medullary plasmacytosis

A 34-year-old man was diagnosed as having solitary testicular plasmacytoma. He had received palliative radiotherapy, several combined chemotherapies including CHOP chemotherapy (vincristine, cyclophosphamide, Adriamycin, and prednisone), MP (melphalan and prednisone) and M-2 protocol (melphalan, prednisone, vincristine, carmustine, and cyclophosphamide), and interferon therapy as 3 million units subcutaneous injection three times a week for 1 year. Extensive bone plasmacytoma developed 7 years later without bone marrow involvement. We suggest that early use of combined chemoradiotherapy and high-dose chemotherapy with autologous stem cell support should be investigated in patients with testicular plasmacytoma with dissemination.     

脊柱浆细胞瘤中OPN和MMP-9蛋白的表达及临床意义

目的探讨脊柱浆细胞瘤中骨桥蛋白（osteopontin,OPN）和基质金属蛋白酶-9（MMP-9）的表达及其与脊柱浆细胞瘤生物学行为的关系。方法应用免疫组织化学链霉菌抗生物素蛋白-过氧化物酶连结（S-P）法检测41例脊柱浆细胞瘤及14例脊柱良性单纯性骨囊肿中OPN和MMP-9蛋白的表达。结果①OPN在脊柱浆细胞瘤中的阳性表达率为82．93％（34／41）,MMP-9蛋白阳性表达率为95．12％（39／41）,而良性骨囊肿中OPN和MMP-9蛋白表达均呈全阴性,差异有统计学意义（P〈0．01）;②脊柱浆细胞瘤中OPN蛋白的表达程度在M蛋白分型和临床分型各组之间差异均有统计学意义（P〈0．05）。结论①OPN在脊柱浆细胞瘤患者的预后中可能具有保护作用。②联合检测OPN和M蛋白分型以及临床分型对脊柱浆细胞瘤的预后判断可能具有一定的临床意义。③MMP-9将在抗转移治疗靶点方面,为临床治疗提供一个新的选择。     

Utilization of interleukin-2 gene transfer in local immunotherapy of cancer

It has been previously found that local administration of Balb/c plasmacytoma cells transformed and made non-tumorigenic by insertion of the cloned murine interleukin-2 (IL-2) gene induced regressions of a variety of murine tumours including the original Balb/c plasmacytoma X63-Ag8.653 growing in syngeneic mice. The tumour-inhibitory effect of the plasmacytoma cells transformed by IL-2 cDNA and designated as X63-m-IL-2 was due to their high constitutive production of IL-2. Here we show that admixture of syngeneic spleen cells to the X63-m-IL-2 transformants substantially (P<0.025) increased the antitumour efficacy of the transformants. Balb/c spleen cells co-cultivated with X63-m-IL-2 cells in vitro yielded predominantly Thy 1.2⁺, CD3⁺, LFA-1⁺ lymphocytes, cytolytic for the X63-Ag8.653 plasmacytoma as well as for other murine tumours, including the X63-m-IL-2 target cells.Abbreviations IL-2 interleukin-2 - LAK lymphokine-activated killer - NK natural killer - HPRT hypoxanthine phosphoribosyl transferase - HAT hypoxanthine/aminopterin/thymidine     

以胸腔积液为首发症状的多发性骨髓瘤1例并文献复习

目的 提高对多发性骨髓瘤(MM)诊断的认识.方法 报道1例以胸腔积液就诊的MM病例,并对相关文献进行复习.结果 45岁女性,胸闷、憋气3个月.近1个月有少尿及头痛、头晕症状.胸部CT示右侧液气胸,左侧大量胸腔积液,胸壁见扁丘状软组织影突出.胸腔镜下见胸腔内大量淡黄色液体,脏层胸膜和膈胸膜光滑,壁层胸膜大量大小不一的结节,质硬,活检不易出血的.病理示浆细胞瘤.胸骨穿刺骨髓象检查示大量的浆细胞瘤细胞骨髓浸润.结论 MM患者以髓外病变就诊时,应结合临床表现考虑到MM的可能,及时行骨髓检查明确诊断.并发髓外病变时预后不良.     

脊柱孤立性浆细胞瘤CT及MRI表现

目的探讨脊柱孤立性浆细胞瘤的CT及MRI表现。方法对18例经病理证实的脊柱孤立性浆细胞瘤行CT检查,对其中9例行MR检查,观察脊柱孤立性浆细胞瘤的CT及MRI表现。结果脊柱孤立性浆细胞瘤可累及脊柱各节段,以胸椎最多。CT表现为椎体及附件的骨质破坏,以溶骨性骨质破坏最常见,可出现椎体压缩及轻度骨质疏松。MR T1WI和T2WI均以低信号为主。结论脊柱孤立性浆细胞瘤以椎体及附件的溶骨性骨质破坏为主要表现,病灶易侵及椎旁或硬膜外间隙;MRI显示病灶较CT敏感、清晰。     

宫颈髓外浆细胞瘤临床病理分析并文献复习

目的：探讨宫颈髓外浆细胞瘤的临床病理特点及鉴别诊断。方法对1例宫颈髓外浆细胞瘤的临床表现、影像学、病理组织学变化、免疫表型及基因检测进行分析,并结合相关文献进行讨论。结果肿瘤细胞弥漫分布,主要由成熟浆细胞构成,分裂象可见。免疫组织化学染色显示肿瘤细胞CD79α、CD38、CD138和Kappa均阳性, Lambda、MUM-1、CD3、CD5、CD20和EBV均阴性。 WT1 mRNA和PRAME mRNA水平分别为0．073%和0．080%;IGH基因继裂重组阳性。结论发生于宫颈的髓外浆细胞瘤是一种非常罕见的肿瘤,其临床表现及影像学均无特征性,明确诊断主要依靠病理组织学特征、免疫表型及基因分析。     

Primary Gastric Malignant Lymphoma: A Morphological and Immunohistochemical Study of 38 Cases

Thirty eight cases of primary gastric malignant lymphoma were studied morphologically and immunohistochemically. The Working Formulation was used for classification of non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (1). The results indicated that 37 cases were non-Hodgkin's lymphoma while the remaining case was Hodgkin's disease. Thirty-three cases (89%) of non Hodgkin's lymphoma were considered to be of B cell origin and 2 cases (5%) of histiocytic origin. No case was considered to be of T cell origin. We suggest that the majority of primary gastric malignant lymphomas are derived from follicular center cells, and that gastric plas-macytoma is not as rare as previously described. Acta Pathol Jpn 39: 229–234, 1989.     

肌肉原发髓外浆细胞瘤的影像学表现及鉴别诊断

目的探讨分析原发于肌肉组织的髓外浆细胞瘤的CT及MRI表现、鉴别诊断,提高对该病的认识。方法收集经病理证实的肌肉原发髓外浆细胞瘤3例,对其影像学及鉴别诊断进行回顾性分析和总结。结果(1)发生部位:左侧竖脊肌1例,右侧闭孔内外肌1例,左股部肌肉1例;(2)肿块大小:最大径约26.4cm,最小径约4.7cm;(3)肿块边缘:较清晰;(4)密度或信号:CT密度或MRI信号较均匀,与临近肌肉类似,增强扫描中度强化,DWI呈明显高信号,ADC-map呈明显低信号改变;(5)临近组织改变:周围肌间隙受压或消失,临近骨质呈溶骨性骨质破坏。结论肌肉原发髓外浆细胞瘤CT、MRI表现有一定特点,能够明确显示病变范围及周围骨骼受侵情况,但确诊尚需病理学检查。