营养不良型和非营养不良型神经纤维瘤病性脊柱侧凸中异常椎弓根发生率的比较

目的:观察Ⅰ型神经纤维瘤病性脊柱侧凸(neurofibromatosis type 1 scoliosis,NF1-S)中椎弓根异常的发生率,并比较其在营养不良型和非营养不良型NF1-S患者中的差异。方法:基于CT图像测量30例营养不良型和30例非营养不良型NF1-S患者的椎弓根,并根据椎弓根最宽平面的最窄距离将这些椎弓根分为5种类型:A型,松质骨通道4mm;B型,松质骨通道2~4mm;C型,松质骨通道2mm且皮质骨通道≥2mm;D型,皮质骨通道2mm且椎弓根存在;E型,椎弓根缺如。B、C、D和E型定义为异常。比较异常椎弓根在不同分型NF1-S患者中的发生率情况及其在侧凸弧范围内的分布情况。结果:NF1-S患者中异常椎弓根的发生率为67.5%(1376/2040),其中B型39.6%(807/2040),C型22.3%(455/2040),D型3.6%(74/2040),E型2.0%(40/2040)。侧凸弧范围内异常椎弓根发生率高达75.3%(975/1294),占全部异常椎弓根的70.9%(975/1376)。对于侧凸弧范围内,营养不良型NF1-S异常椎弓根发生率显著高于非营养不良型(83.3%vs.66.7%,P0.05)。结论:NF1-S患者异常椎弓根主要集中于侧凸弧范围内,且营养不良型异常椎弓根发生率显著高于非营养不良型。     

Heterozygous CLCN1 mutations can modulate phenotype in sodium channel myotonia

Nondystrophic myotonias are characterized by muscle stiffness triggered by voluntary movement. They are caused by mutations in either the CLCN1 gene in myotonia congenita or in the SCN4A gene in paramyotonia congenita and sodium channel myotonias. Clinical and electrophysiological phenotypes of these disorders have been well described. No concomitant mutations in both genes have been reported yet. We report five patients from three families showing myotonia with both chloride and sodium channel mutations. Their clinical and electrophysiological phenotypes did not fit with the phenotype known to be associated with the mutation initially found in SCN4A gene, which led us to screen and find an additional mutation in CLCN1 gene. Our electrophysiological and clinical observations suggest that heterozygous CLCN1 mutations can modify the clinical and electrophysiological expression of SCN4A mutation.