Cosmic Experiments: Remaking Materialism and Daoist Ethic “Outside of the Establishment”

ABSTRACT

In this article, I discuss recent experiments in ‘classical’ (gudian) Chinese medicine. As the marketization and privatization of health care deepens and enters uncharted territories in China, a cohort of young practitioners and entrepreneurs have begun their quest for the ‘primordial spirit’ of traditional Chinese medicine by setting up their own businesses where they engage in clinical, pedagogical, and entrepreneurial practices outside of state-run institutions. I argue that these explorations in classical Chinese medicine, which focus on classical texts and Daoist analytics, do not aim to restore spirituality to the scientized and secularized theory of traditional Chinese medicine. Nor are they symptomatic of withdrawals from the modern world. Rather, these ‘cosmic experiments’ need to be understood in relation to dialectical and historical materialisms as modes of knowledge production and political alliance. In challenging the status of materialist theory and the process of theorization in traditional Chinese medicine and postsocialist life more broadly speaking, advocates of classical Chinese medicine imagine nondialectical materialisms as immanent ways of thinking, doing, and being in the world.     

论《内经》中的“守神”“守机”“守气”

在针刺过程中,医者不能只拘守手部形式,针刺关键在于"治神"。治神是医者手法的核心,贯穿于整个施治过程中。以神"侯气"、"调气",进而"调神"、"调形体"。其理论在《内经》中已有叙述,具体包括:守神、守机和守气。这三者是对针灸医生针刺手法的要求,也是衡量针灸医生水平高低的标准之一。然而针道易陈而难入,针灸医生须认真钻研针刺手法和心法。针刺治神在于医者必须"心领神会",方能感悟。     

电针胃经经穴促进大鼠胃黏膜修复过程中相关蛋白磷酸化的研究

目的:探讨电针促胃黏膜修复过程中对相关蛋白磷酸化的影响。方法:20只SD大鼠分为空白组、模型组、针刺非穴组和针刺穴位组,每组5只。使用无水乙醇灌胃法制作大鼠胃黏膜损伤模型。针刺非穴组取"足三里""梁门""四白"穴旁的对照点,针刺穴位组取"足三里""梁门""四白"穴,每次电针30 min,每日1次,共治疗7 d。对大鼠的胃黏膜细胞分别进行磷酸化抗体蛋白芯片检测,同时筛选720种磷酸化蛋白的表达差异,并进行比较。结果:模型组胃黏膜损伤指数与空白组比较显著升高(P<0.01);针刺穴位组胃黏膜损伤指数低于模型组和针刺非穴组(P<0.01),而与空白组比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。蛋白芯片分析示:针刺穴位组与针刺非穴组均可上调模型大鼠的蛋白磷酸化的水平(≥1.5倍),但针刺穴位组上调的蛋白大多数参与了细胞的增殖,而针刺非穴组只有几种蛋白参与细胞增殖;同时针刺穴位组与针刺非穴组还可下调蛋白磷酸化水平(≥1.5倍),且针刺组下调的蛋白参与抑制细胞凋亡,而针刺非穴组下调的蛋白基本不参与细胞活动。结论:电针足阳明胃经穴可引起大鼠胃黏膜损伤后修复信号蛋白的磷酸化水平发生变化,提示电针促进胃黏膜修复的机制与胃黏膜损伤后修复信号蛋白的磷酸化有关。     

电针心经对心肌缺血性家兔心力环面积的影响

以心力环面积为指标，静脉滴注垂体后叶素造成家兔心肌缺血动物模型，结果表明，电针心经地心脏功能的调节作用比电针肺经显著，有相对特异性，说明心经作为一条经脉，与心脏机能活动有密切关系。     

皮肤阻抗等效电路及经络低阻抗原因探讨

将矩形波电压通过两点电极加到人体皮肤表面，得到的电流波形是一些尖脉冲。经络线上的电流波形与非经络线上的波形有差别，表现为低电阻，高电容现象。产生高电容现象的机理目前尚不清楚。本文提出了一个等效电路并探讨了产生高电容现象的原因。     

智能化穴位温度检测仪的研制及实验研究

在经络穴位的生物物理属性中，由于皮肤温度比较灵敏，易于观察，又能及时反映该处血管的舒缩变化。作者利用铂电阻作为测温控头，用微机进行数据处理，并利用该系统进行人体皮肤温度的检测及分析。结果表明：皮肤温差点基本上是循经分布的。     

Spatial deployment of attention within and across hemifields in an auditory task

Research on visual attention has demonstrated that covert attention can be focused on particular locations within one hemifield, but that a specific "meridian" cost may also be found for shifting attention between hemifields. These issues have received less consideration for audition, even though reliable behavioral measures for the effects of spatial attention on hearing are now available. We examined the spatial distribution of covert attention in an auditory task following spatially non-predictive peripheral auditory cues (which should induce exogenous attention shifts), or following symbolic central cues that predicted the likely location for the auditory target (to induce endogenous attention shifts). In both cases, we found that attention can be focused not only on one hemifield versus another, but also within one hemifield in an auditory task. However, there was no unequivocal evidence for a meridian effect in audition. Electronic Publication     

~(32)P放射自显影术对家兔经脉循行路线的宏观显示

目的对家兔经脉循行路线进行宏观显示的研究,为细胞水平及超微组织结构的示踪研究奠定基础。方法用穴位测定治疗仪在对应人体的外关、内关、昆仑、太溪经穴处对家兔的经穴定位,经穴位注入Na2H32PO4,用32P整体放射自显影术对家兔经脉循行路线进行宏观显示。结果获得了家兔经脉循行路线整体放射自显影像,影像线性较宽,形状单一且较粗大,影像走向与通过家兔皮肤导电量测定获得的经穴走向相似。结论家兔体表存在与人体相近的具有低阻抗性的经穴,32P放射自显影术可以实现家兔经脉循行路线的宏观显示。     

病人知情同意权的几个辩证法问题

以知情同意为核心的病人自主权是医疗服务和现代医患关系新的支撑点。在人体实验、放弃治疗等领域,充分尊重病人的知情同意权具有极大的现实意义。然而,医生的解释说明、医疗干预和亲属代理同意则构成了对知情同意的限制。因此,必须辩证理解和知情同意的内涵,以最大限度地保障病人利益。     

戴天章《广瘟疫论》温病辨治特色

戴天章是清代著名的温病学家,精通医理,尤擅瘟疫的诊治,推动了瘟病辨治理论的发展。现基于戴天章《广瘟疫论》,从首创瘟疫五辨、力辨寒瘟异同,创瘟疫五种治法,完善外感病腹诊法3个方面进行深入探讨,系统总结其瘟疫辨治经验及学术思想,这些内容不仅丰富了温病学理论,亦对现代温病的临床辨治具有重要指导价值。