The use of circular frame external fixation in the treatment of ankle/hindfoot Charcot Neuroarthropathy

Charcot Neuroarthropathy (CN) of the ankle/hindfoot is a devastating condition that results in a loss of alignment, bony malleolar protrusions and frequently leads to ulceration, infection, and amputation. Major limb amputations in this patient population has a 5-year mortality rate approximating 39%–68%. The treatment goal for CN of the ankle/hindfoot is to provide stability with a plantigrade foot that is infection free, shoeable and allows independent weight bearing. The use of a circular frame external fixator is often required when treating patients with CN of the ankle/hindfoot because they often present late with deformity, soft tissue compromise and infection which are contraindications to primary internal fixation. These patients require urgent surgical attention to salvage the limb or risk amputation. In this narrative review article we will discuss the indications, management options, surgical technique, evidence and describe our experience in the use of circular frame external fixation in patients with ankle/hindfoot Charcot Neuroarthropathy.     

Psychosocial reactions to upper extremity limb salvage: A case series

Study Design

Case series.

The impact of exome sequencing on the diagnostic yield of muscular dystrophies in consanguineous families

Muscular dystrophies (MDs) are a heterogeneous group of inherited disorders that are characterized by progressive skeletal muscle weakness and dystrophic changes on muscle biopsy. The broad genetic and clinical heterogeneity of MDs make the accurate diagnosis difficult via conventional approaches. This study investigated 23 patients from eight unrelated consanguineous families with MDs. Previous clinical assessments did not accurately clarify the type of their MD and/or misdiagnose them with another disease. Exome sequencing (ES) is an efficient, time-saving, and cost-effective tool, enabling disease-causing variant (DCV) detection in affected individuals. We investigated the use of ES to diagnose MD and discover the underlying genetic etiology. We achieved a remarkable diagnostic success rate of 87.5% (7 out of 8 families) which is the highest rate reported thus far compared to previous studies. We identified two novel pathogenic variants in DYSF gene (c.4179delG, c.1149+3G > C). The latter variant impacts the splicing machinery of DYSF mRNA. Moreover, we further assessed the pathogenicity of four recurrent variants ((DYSF, c.4076T > C), (GMPPB, c.458C > T), (SGCA, c.739G > A) (TTN, c.7331G > A), designated their neurological impact and added new phenotypes in patients with these variants. To our knowledge, this is the first study applying an ES-based comprehensive molecular diagnosis to Jordanian cohort with MDs. Our findings confirmed that ES is a powerful approach for the diagnosis of MD patients. This efficient method of molecular diagnosis is crucial for guiding patient clinical care, genetic counseling, and most importantly, paving the way for gene therapy which is currently in clinical trials.     

8字钢板临时阻滞在儿童下肢不等长中的应用效果分析

目的探讨8字钢板临时骨骺阻滞在儿童下肢不等长(lower limb discrepancy,LDD)治疗中的有效性及可行性。方法回顾性分析自2011年11月至2017年1月复旦大学附属儿科医院小儿骨科收治的14例LLD患儿临床资料,通过双下肢全长站立位X线片测量术前、术后股骨、胫骨长度变化,通过生长曲线分析使用8字钢板临时阻滞术后肢体不等长的改善情况,计算其在骨骺阻滞中的作用和效率。结果对14例患儿共17个部位(股骨远端及胫骨近端)行内外侧联合8字钢板阻滞,平均随访时间(29.4±8.53)个月,阻滞长度中位数为18.8 mm(5~40 mm),平均阻滞率为(59.5±18.0)%。本组病例均未出现骨骺早闭及骺板损伤的情况。此外通过分析发现,阻滞部位(胫骨近端或股骨远端)、年龄、性别、侧别对阻滞率没有影响(P>0.05),而骨骺阻滞时间与阻滞率呈正相关(r=0.438,P<0.05)。结论8字钢板在LLD中的临时性骨骺阻滞为非完全性阻滞,可以作为LLD病人治疗的一种选择,但是其矫形能力有限,术前应充分评估患儿的生长潜力。此外,术后密切随访也是取得理想治疗效果的关键。     

汪沟遗址仰韶文化居民的肢骨特征

目的 探讨新石器时代居民体质发育情况。方法 参照《人体测量方法》，对汪沟遗址出土的108例人骨标本的肱骨、胫骨和股骨主要测量项分别进行测量，用Excel 2019软件对肢骨指数、性别二态性和身高进行对比分析。结果 肱骨、股骨整体发育水平较同时期对比组强壮，较内蒙古地区对比组弱，股骨中部肌肉附着偏少；两性肱骨粗壮程度差异无统计学意义（t＝0.811 ，P>0.05），股骨粗壮程度差异无统计学意义（t＝0.63，P>0.05）；男性股骨最大长变异范围在40.6~49.4 cm，在对比组中处于中等偏低水平；男性平均身高为166.22 cm，变异范围在164.47~167.68 cm。女性平均身高为158.06 cm，变异范围在154.02~160.34 cm；两性身高差异性显著（t＝4.96，P<0.01）；汪沟组两性差异性指数为5.7%。结论 汪沟组男性肱骨、胫骨、股骨整体比女性强壮，男性上肢发育比女性强壮，下肢强壮程度的差异不大。我们推测汪沟组男性与女性生长过程中获得的营养相差不多。     

中西医结合护理对四肢远端骨折术后恢复的影响

目的:观察中西医结合护理对四肢远端骨折术后恢复的影响。方法:选取88例四肢远端骨折术后患者,按随机数字表法分为对照组与观察组各44例。对照组行常规护理,观察组行中西医结合护理,比较2组术后疼痛程度、肢体功能恢复情况及并发症发生率。结果:术后1 d,2组VAS评分比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。术后3 d、7 d,2组VAS评分均较术后1 d降低(P<0.05),观察组VAS评分均低于同期对照组(P<0.05)。观察组肢体功能恢复优良率86.36%,高于对照组的68.18%,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。观察组术后并发症发生率11.36%,低于对照组的29.55%,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论:中西医结合护理可有效缓解四肢远端骨折患者术后疼痛度,提升肢体功能恢复效果,减少并发症发生。     

临床护理路径对脑出血偏瘫患者康复效果的影响

目的 探究与分析临床护理路径对脑出血偏瘫患者康复效果的影响.方法 选取本院自2013年7月至2015年7月收治的90例脑出血偏瘫患者,按照就诊时间顺序分为常规护理组与临床护理路径组,每组45例.常规护理组给予基础护理对策,包括入院时宣教、介绍病情、观察病情变化等;临床护理路径组指派至少由1名护士长及3名以上护理人员建立临床护理路径小组,由护士长组织组内人员系统性的学习并加强脑出血偏瘫后康复护理的相关知识,根据每位患者的个体情况给予评估,并对每个阶段后的康复护理效果给予评价.对比两组患者康复护理效果、活动能力、肢体功能及负面情绪评分.结果 临床护理路径组的护理效果总有效率明显高于常规护理组,差异具有统计学意义(P＜0.05).两组患者治疗后较治疗前相比Barthel评分及Harris评分均明显升高,临床护理路径组较常规护理组相比Barthel评分及Harris评分升高更加明显,差异具有统计学意义(P＜0.05).两组患者治疗后较治疗前相比HAMA评分及HAMD评分评分均明显降低,临床护理路径组较常规护理组相比HAMA评分及HAMD评分降低更加明显,差异具有统计学意义(P＜0.05).结论 临床护理路径可有效提高脑出血偏瘫患者的护理效果,促进改善日常活动能力及肢体功能,降低负面情绪.     

Total hip arthroplasty for arthritis following acetabular fractures—evaluation of radiological,functional and quality of life parameters

IntroductionTotal hip arthroplasty (THA) has been termed as ‘operation of the century’ as it provides a stable and mobile hip to patients who are debilitated by pathologies affecting the hip. Acetabular fractures pose a challenge for their initial management as well for the management of secondary osteoarthritis which is often the outcome of these fractures. The study attempts to evaluate the short term radiological, functional and quality of life outcomes of THA done in patients with prior acetabular fractures and to find a correlation between various factors.Materials and methods47 patients who provided consent for this retrospective study were clinically and radiologically evaluated at their latest follow up. Ratios of horizontal offset, vertical offset, body lever arm and cup inclination were calculated with respect to the opposite normal hip on a radiograph. Questionnaires were filled up for Harris Hip Score (HHS), Short form -12, Short Musculoskeletal functional assessment (SMFA) and WHO-quality of life (WHO-QoL).ResultsHHS and quality of life scores had a tendency to improve over time. A statistically significant difference (p < 0.05) was noted between scores of patients having less than 2 years follow up and more than 4 years follow-up. The HHS, radiological and quality of life parameters were not statistically significantly different when analysed based on acetabular fracture pattern, their primary management and aetiology necessitating the THA.ConclusionThe short term radiological, functional and quality of life parameters are dependent on the accuracy of the THA performed and are not significantly affected by the fracture type, initial management and outcomes of that management. However, longer follow up is necessary to evaluate these parameters even more accurately.