慢跑运动对毕业班大学生抑郁和焦虑的影响

[目的]探讨慢跑运动对毕业班大学生抑郁和焦虑的影响。[方法]100名非体育专业毕业班大学生都参加了慢跑锻炼3个月。慢跑锻炼前后分别用抑郁、焦虑量表测定他们的抑郁、焦虑水平。[结果]经过慢跑锻炼3个月后,毕业班大学生的抑郁、焦虑量表得分都下降了(P﹤0.05)。[结论]慢跑运动可减轻毕业班大学生抑郁和焦虑。在毕业班大学生中,慢跑值得推广。     

Multiple dimensions of residential environments, neighborhood experiences, and jogging behavior in the RECORD Study

Objective

The purpose of this study was to examine the associations between a broad range of environmental characteristics and jogging behavior while taking into account different complementary outcomes to describe the behavior.

Methods

Using the RECORD Cohort Study (7290 participants, 2007-2008, Paris region, France), multilevel models were used to investigate individual/neighborhood variables associated with the probability of jogging; the time spent jogging; and the location of the practice.

Results

The presence and quality of green and open spaces was associated both with a greater probability of jogging [risk ratio (RR) for the first vs. the fourth quartile = 1.22, 95% credible interval (CrI): 1.03-1.44] and with the practice of jogging within rather than outside the neighborhood (RR = 1.29; 95% CrI: 1.10-1.53). Moreover, a high social cohesion and the presence of enjoyable places were associated with a higher probability of jogging (RR = 1.15; 95% CrI: 1.00-1.31; RR = 1.22; 95% CrI: 1.03-1.44) while the presence of parks or a lake increased the probability of jogging inside rather than outside the neighborhood (RR = 1.29; 95% CrI: 1.10-1.53; RR = 1.14; 95% CrI: 1.03-1.26).

Conclusions

Paying attention to physical and social environments, related neighborhood experiences, and attitudes toward health may be an effective approach to promote outdoor physical activity.     

Circulating opioids: possible physiological roles in central nervous function

Evidence is reviewed regarding the release of endorphins by such diverse conditions as stress, long distance running, acupuncture, sexual activity, suggestion and ritualistic dancing ceremonies. Additional evidence is cited regarding possible physiological roles of endorphins in antinociception, socialization, euphoria, some mental disorders, drive states and vegetative functions. The concentration of this latter type of evidence is on conditions during which endorphins seem to be exerting effects on a number of different systems together (for example, euphoria is almost always accompanied by analgesia), and the possibility is suggested that the activation of a number of functions together may be due to a global activation of opiate receptors throughout the CNS. A possible basis for this global activation arises from results from this laboratory indicating the presence of a blood-borne opioid hormone, secreted by the pituitary or by an endocrine gland under pituitary control, which is capable of passing from the blood into the CNS. This diffuse endorphinergic system, which is complementary to the well-established endorphinergic neuronal systems in the CNS, thus derives its property of global action on opiate receptors by the diffuse means by which the hormone reaches its target sites, i.e., by passing through the blood brain barrier. Thus, while each specific endorphin-mediated function can be activated by the activation of its respective neural pathway, it is proposed that the hormonal endorphinergic mechanism is activated to produce a global response provoked by conditions to which a more generalized response, including physiological and behavioural changes, is most appropriate.     

The treatment of hallux valgus in runners using a modified McBride procedure

Summary We have carried out a modified McBride procedure in 21 patients with hallux valgus which caused pain during running. They have been followed up for a mean of 5,5 years. Metatarsophalangeal pain and metatarsalgia were relieved or significantly decreased in the majority of patients, but callosities beneath the second metatarsal head were not affected. When the angle between the first and second metatarsals did not exceed 14° before operation, satisfactory correction could be obtained. In the absence of degenerative changes in the first metatarsophalangeal joint and with a moderate hallux valgus, a consistently good result was obtained in this group of active patients.

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Résumé Vingt-et-un patients porteurs d 'un hallux valgus douloureux dans la pratique de la course à pied ont bénéficié d'une opération de McBride, modifiée selon Meary-Tomeno. Le recul moyen est de cinq ans et demi. Tous les patients ont repris la course au 6ème mois post-opératoire. Le résultat sur les douleurs de la lère articulation métatarsophalangienne et sur la métatarsalgie est en général excellent. L'opération est sans effet sur le durillon situé sous la 2ème tête métatarsienne. Lorsque la divergence entre le ler et le 2ème métatarsienne dépasse pas 14°, une bonne correction a pu être obtenue. Dans la plupart des cas, le valgus du gros orteil a été corrigé. L'opération de McBride modifiée donne constamment de bons résultats sur l'hallux valgus moyen sans arthrose métatarso-phalangienne et peut être recommandée aux patients désirant maintenir une activité sportive.

     

Post-exercise response of the systolic blood pressure in the diagnosis of coronary artery disease: comparison of two exercise methods

We studied 81 angiographically documented coronary artery disease patients and 28 with normal coronary arteries, having paired exercise tests (the Bruce treadmill protocol and the jogging in place test) in order to investigate the value of the ratio of recovery systolic blood pressure to peak exercise systolic blood pressure (postexercise pressure ratio) compared to the classic ST depression. The postexercise pressure ratio was significantly higher in patients with coronary artery disease than in patients with normal coronary arteries for each of the 2 exercise tests (P < 0.001 − P < 0.00001). On the contrary, we obtained significantly lower sensitivities for the pathologic (> ± 2 SD of patients with normal coronary arteries) values of the post-exercise pressure ratio than for the positive electrocardiographic outcome 30% vs 58% (P < 0.00002) and 37% vs 64% (P < 0.0001) as well as lower accuracies 48% vs 63% (P < 0.03) and 52% vs 71% (P < 0.005), respectively.

Thus, we proved that the classic ST depression has much more diagnostic value than the post-exercise pressure ratio and this result is independent of the exercise methodology. Consequently this ratio is not recommended to replace the electrocardiographic exercise criteria.     

新乡市公务员慢跑锻炼改善体质状况的调查

目的探讨慢跑锻炼对公务员体质状况的影响。方法采用问卷调查法对持续进行4个月慢跑锻炼的296名公务员锻炼前后进行体质测试分析,并作统计比较。结果长期慢跑可在一定程度上减轻体重,降低BMI值,提高心肺功能,增加肌力,改善柔韧性、平衡能力和灵敏性。结论慢跑锻炼有利于改善公务员的体质状况,是适合公务员强身健体的运动方法。     

健身跑对老年人超氧化物歧化酶及其同功酶活性和过氧化脂质的影响

对68名坚持2年以上健身跑锻炼的老年人和不参加锻炼的同龄老年人(对照组)进行比较观察的结果表明:健身跑组的红细胞超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)及血清总T-SOD、Cu·Zu-SOD、Mn-SOD均比对照组显著增高(P相似文献   

Biomechanical running gait assessments across prevalent adolescent musculoskeletal injuries

BackgroundWhile there is substantial information available regarding expected biomechanical adaptations associated with adult running-related injuries, less is known about adolescent gait profiles that may influence injury development.Research questionsWhich biomechanical profiles are associated with prevalent musculoskeletal lower extremity injuries among adolescent runners, and how do these profiles compare across injury types and body regions?MethodsWe conducted a cross-sectional study of 149 injured adolescents (110 F; 39 M) seen at a hospital-affiliated injured runner’s clinic between the years 2016–2021. Biomechanical data were obtained from 2-dimensional video analyses and an instrumented treadmill system. Multivariate analyses of variance covarying for gender and body mass index were used to compare continuous biomechanical measures, and Chi-square analyses were used to compare categorical biomechanical variables across injury types and body regions. Spearman’s rho correlation analyses were conducted to assess the relationship of significant outcomes.ResultsPatients with bony injuries had significantly higher maximum vertical ground reaction forces (bony: 1.87 body weight [BW] vs. soft tissue: 1.79BW, p = 0.05), and a higher proportion of runners with contralateral pelvic drop at midstance (χ² =5.3, p = 0.02). Maximum vertical ground reaction forces and pelvic drop were significantly yet weakly correlated (ρ = 0.20, p = 0.01). Foot strike patterns differed across injured body regions, with a higher proportion of hip and knee injury patients presenting with forefoot strike patterns (χ² =22.0, p = 0.01).SignificanceThese biomechanical factors may represent risk factors for injuries sustained by young runners. Clinicians may consider assessing these gait adaptations when treating injured adolescent patients.     

Quadriceps strength to body weight ratio is a significant indicator for initiating jogging after anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction

BackgroundQuadriceps strength recovery after anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstruction is an important criterion for progress in rehabilitation and return to sports. The purpose of this study was to determine whether quadriceps strength to body weight ratio (QS/BW) is a significant indicator for initiating jogging after ACL reconstruction.MethodsIsokinetic quadriceps strength at 60°/s was measured and a jogging trial was completed 3 months after ACL reconstruction with hamstring tendon autograft in 83 patients (36 male, 47 female; mean age, 26.6 ± 12.4 years). Based on the jogging trial results, patients were assigned to either a successful jogging group (mean velocity ≥ 9 km/h) or an unsuccessful jogging group (mean velocity < 9 km/h). The association between QS/BW and successful jogging after surgery was investigated by multivariate logistic regression analysis and the cut-off value was determined by receiver operating characteristic analysis.ResultsForty-four patients (53.0%) were assigned to the successful jogging group and 39 (47.0%) to the unsuccessful jogging group. QS/BW was independently associated with initiating jogging 3 months after surgery. The cut-off value of QS/BW for successful jogging was 1.45 Nm/kg (area under the curve = 0.94; sensitivity = 88.6%, specificity = 87.2%). All of the patients who initiated jogging with QS/BW of > 1.45 Nm/kg at 3 months returned to sports without recurrence or contralateral injury by 10 months after surgery.ConclusionsQS/BW is a significant indicator for safely initiating jogging 3 months after ACL reconstruction. The cut-off value of QS/BW for initiating jogging was 1.45 Nm/kg.     

Accuracy of Rhythm Classification Using a Data Log System in Implantable Cardioverter Defibrillators

Because the presence or absence of symptoms alone may be insufficient to correctly diagnose the rhythm for which implantable Cardioverter defibrillator therapy is delivered, we hypothesized that the addition of data Jog information available in Telectronics ATP 4210 may improve the accuracy of rhythm classification. With this system the recorded ventricular electrogram cycle length is reported on a beat-to-beat basis immediately before, during, and after the tachyarrhythmia is detected. Using this information recorded from the data log in 32 separate tachyarrhythmia episodes in 20 patients, we compared the sensitivity, specificity, and predictive accuracy of rhythm classification on the basis of symptoms alone, data Jog alone, and data Jog combined with symptoms. While classification based on symptoms alone is highly specific (10/10 episodes), it is insensitive and has an overall predictive accuracy of 53%. By contrast, data log is sensitive (90%) and specific (91%) with better predictive accuracy (94%) than symptoms alone (P = 0.002). The addition of symptoms to information on beat-to-beat cycle length from data log resulted in a slight increase in predictive accuracy.