Comparison of High Tibial Osteotomy and Unicompartmental Knee Arthroplasty in the Treatment of Unicompartmental Osteoarthritis : A Meta-Analysis

We conducted a systematic review of comparative clinical trials assessing the results of high tibial osteotomy (HTO) and unicompartmental knee arthroplasty (UKA) in patients with strictly unilateral osteoarthritis of the knee. A literature search was conducted through Medline, Embase and Cochrane library. A total of 11 comparative studies were included. Pooled results showed: UKA showed significantly better results compared to HTO in terms of function results, however, no difference in specific knee score was observed; HTO got slightly better results of the range of motion; a trend towards an increased velocity was found in UKA without significant difference. Postoperative rate of revision and complications did not differ significantly between two groups. With the correct patient selection, both HTO and UKA show effective and reliable results.     

Comparison of Autograft vs Allograft in Opening-Wedge High Tibial Osteotomy

Opening-wedge high tibial osteotomy (HTO) is used to treat isolated medial knee joint arthritis. A benefit of using allograft instead of autograft is avoiding a second surgical site, thereby decreasing operative time, blood loss, and pain. Our study objective was to evaluate allograft vs autograft in the failure and complication rates of HTO using the same technique and implant system (Arthrex HTO plate system, Arthrex, Inc, Naples, Fla). Seventy knees in 65 patients were evaluated. There was a 6-fold higher failure rate for the allograft group. When there was no lateral cortical breach, construct failure did not occur in 87.8% of the knees (P = .0006); with lateral cortical breach, construct failure occurred 53% of the time (P = .0006). Seventy-six and a half percent of breached cortices and 75% of failures were associated with large wedge sizes (≥11 mm); this may suggest a role for closing-wedge osteotomy or alternative osteotomies when larger alignment corrections are needed.     

No change in patellar height following open wedge high tibial osteotomy using a novel femur-referenced measurement method

Background

Open wedge high tibial osteotomy (HTO) can influence the tibial slope and thereby the landmarks of currently used patellar height indices. The purpose of this retrospective study was to compare and validate a new femur-referenced patella height measurement method to currently used patellar height indices in a cohort of HTO patients.

甲状腺激素对氚致神经元迁移障碍的改善作用

目的 探讨甲状腺激素对氚辐射所致大鼠海马神经元迁移障碍的改善作用.方法 取新生大鼠进行海马神经元培养,培养7d后将细胞随机分为对照组、氚水组、甲状腺激素组和氚水+甲状腺激素组(同时加入3.7×105 Bq/ml氚水与0.3μg/ml甲状腺激素),作用24 h后,用Leica AF 6000活细胞工作站测神经细胞迁移距离;RT-PCR法检测reelin mRNA、BDNFmRNA的变化;Western blot、免疫细胞化学染色法观察神经细胞内β-微管蛋白变化.结果 与对照组相比,氚水组Reelin mRNA、BDNFmRNA和β-微管蛋白的表达量均显著减少(=5.80、5.48、5.47,P＜0.01);而氚水+甲状腺激素组、甲状腺激素组的表达量均显著增加(t=7.75、12.06、13.65,P＜0.01;t=4.34、5.47、5.65,P＜0.01),并明显高于氚水组(t=2.92、10.32、8.76,P＜0.01;t=18.07、20.55、40.13,P＜0.01).氚水组细胞迁移距离明显缩短(t=8.62,P＜0.01);而氚水+甲状腺激素组、甲状腺激素组细胞迁移距离明显延长(t=7.64、4.93,P＜0.01),并明显大于氚水组(t=11.32、12.31,P＜0.01).结论 甲状腺激素对氚辐射造成的神经元迁移障碍具有改善作用.     

Effect of posterior tibial slope on knee biomechanics during functional activity

Treatment of medial compartment knee osteoarthritis with high tibial osteotomy can produce an unintended change in the slope of the tibial plateau in the sagittal plane. The effect of changing posterior tibial slope (PTS) on cruciate ligament forces has not been quantified for knee loading in activities of daily living. The purpose of this study was to determine how changes in PTS affect tibial shear force, anterior tibial translation (ATT), and knee‐ligament loading during daily physical activity. We hypothesized that tibial shear force, ATT, and ACL force all increase as PTS increases. A previously validated computer model was used to calculate ATT, tibial shear force, and cruciate‐ligament forces for the normal knee during three common load‐bearing tasks: standing, squatting, and walking. The model calculations were repeated with PTS altered in 1° increments up to a maximum change in tibial slope of 10°. Tibial shear force and ATT increased as PTS was increased. For standing and walking, ACL force increased as tibial slope was increased; for squatting, PCL force decreased as tibial slope was increased. The effect of changing PTS on ACL force was greatest for walking. The true effect of changing tibial slope on knee‐joint biomechanics may only be evident under physiologic loading conditions which include muscle forces. © 2010 Orthopaedic Research Society. Published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Orthop Res 29:223–231, 2011     

The clinical outcomes and the ability to sit straight in the Japanese style following high tibial osteotomy combined with osteochondral autologous transfer for osteonecrosis of the medial femoral condyle

Background

There have been some reports of high tibial osteotomy combined with osteochondral autograft transfer for osteonecrosis of the medial femoral condyle of the knee. However, few of them have focused on the deep knee flexion needed to sit straight in the Japanese style.

单髁置换术与胫骨高位截骨术治疗膝关节内侧间室骨关节炎的疗效比较

目的 对比分析单髁置换术与胫骨高位截骨术(HTO)治疗膝关节内侧间室骨关节炎的疗效.方法 选择2015年2月至2018年2月泰州市第二人民医院收治的膝关节内侧间室骨关节炎病人84例,按照随机数字表法分为两组,各42例.对照组行HTO治疗,观察组行单髁置换术治疗.对比两组手术时间、术中出血量、术后疼痛程度、手术前后膝关节活动度(ROM)、美国纽约特种外科医院(HSS)评分及西安大略和麦克马斯特大学骨关节炎指数(WOMAC)评分及并发症等情况.结果 观察组手术时间与对照组相比,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);观察组术中出血量为(151.27±19.85)mL,低于对照组(172.55±20.32)mL(P<0.05);观察组术后1、3个月的视觉模拟评分法(VAS)评分分别为(1.81±0.72)分、(1.65±0.57)分,显著低于对照组(2.85±0.75)分、(2.58±0.81)分(均P<0.05);观察组术后1个月的WOMAC评分低于对照组[(36.55±7.01)分比(40.68±6.59)分,P<0.05],ROM高于对照组[(126.5±11.5)分比(120.5±10.8)分,P<0.05],观察组术后1、3个月HSS评分分别为(76.85±7.28)分、(87.73±8.48)分,均高于对照组(73.25±7.52)分、(82.69±8.15)分(均P<0.05).观察组住院费用低于对照组(P<0.05).结论 单髁置换术与HTO治疗膝关节内侧间室骨关节炎均具有显著疗效,可减轻术后疼痛程度;单髁置换术近期疗效更优.