An electronic travel guide for visually impaired – vehicle board recognition system through computer vision techniques

Abstract

Purpose: In the context of assistive technology, mobility takes the meaning of “moving safely, gracefully, and comfortably”.The aim of this article is to provide a system which will be a convenient means of navigation for the Visually Impaired people, in the public transport system.

Method: A blind regular commuter who travels by public transport facility finds difficulty in identifying the vehicle that is nearing the stop. Hence, a real-time system that dynamically identifies the nearing vehicle and informs the commuters is necessary. This paper proposes such a system namely the “Vehicle Board Recognition System” (VBRS). Computer Vision techniques such as segmentation, object recognition, text detection and optical character recognition are utilized to build the system, which will detect, analyze, derive and communicate the information to the passengers.

Results: Thanks to the rapid development in technology, there are several navigation systems both hand held and wearable, available to help visually impaired (VI) people move comfortably both indoor and outdoor. Many blind people are not comfortable in using these devices or they are not affordable for them. Thus the proposed system gives them the comfort of navigation.

Conclusion: This system can be installed in the bus stop to assist the Visually Impaired, from externally rather than their hand held or wearable assistive devices.

• Implications for rehabilitation

• This proposed system will help the visually impaired to

• ensure secure navigation

• be independent of the others

• develop self confidence.

• overcome the training, affordability of wearable/ handheld devices.

     

Simple,rapid, and accurate determination of deletion mutations by automated dna sequencing of heteroduplex fragments of the adenomatous polyposis coli (APC) gene generated by PCR amplification

Germline mutations in patients with familial adenomatous polyposis were analyzed by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) amplification of the adenomatous polyposis coli gene. PCR products from heterozygous patients for deletions of this gene formed four distinct bands on polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. The four fragments were subsequently purified and both strands of each fragment were directly sequenced, using an automated DNA sequencer and the same primers as those for PCR amplification. It was found that the two slower migrating fragments were “bulge” heteroduplexes, while the other two were homoduplexes made up of two wild-type strands and two deletion-mutant strands, respectively. The sites of deletions in the adenomatous polyposis coli gene could be exactly determined in four of the five patients. In an attempt to identify deletion-carriers of familial adenomatous polyposis at the presymptomatic stage, a family study was also carried out, and two children were found to have the same mutations as those of their affected parents. The direct sequencing of heteroduplex fragments generated during PCR amplification is a potentially useful method for detecting mutations of not only the adenomatous polyposis coli gene but also many other genes of genetic diseases. © 1993 Wiley-Liss, Inc.     

隔膜条件下骨再生成骨细胞来源的实验观察

目的:研究在隔膜条件下引导性骨再生过程中成骨细胞的来源,进一步认识引导性骨再生的机制.方法:以成年新西兰兔为研究对象,在双侧挠骨中段制作标准骨缺损不愈合模型,用硅胶膜成管状包裹一侧骨缺损,另一侧无特殊处理为对照.术后分别进行X线检查、常规HE染色以及SP方法BMP、BGP抗体的免疫组化染色.结果:硅胶膜在骨缺损处形成隔离密闭的腔室,将周围组织阻挡于骨缺损之外.早期骨端骨内膜、骨髓基质细胞大量增殖,形成肉芽组织占据骨缺损.骨再生过程中表现出明显的组织学特征:骨痂表面为2～3层成骨细胞,骨缺损中央为肉芽组织,两者之间为数层细胞形成的移行区,细胞排列疏松.早期骨端骨内膜、骨髓基质细胞BMP、BGP呈强阳性染色,骨痂生长过程中,移行区部分细胞呈阳性染色.结论:结果表明在隔膜条件下骨再生的成骨细胞在早期来源于髓内的骨内膜和骨髓基质细胞,骨痂形成后,成骨细胞则来源于骨内膜、骨髓、骨膜增殖细胞共同形成的肉芽组织中的间质细胞或成纤维细胞.     

引导组织再生术屏障膜放置时间的研究

在 ３０ 只成年兔的下颌两切牙唇侧牙槽骨制备 １０ｍ ｍ ×５ｍ ｍ 的开窗骨缺损,其表面覆盖 Ｇｏｒｅ Ｔｅｘ 膜。该膜分别于术后 １、２、３、５ 周取出,以不放膜组为空白对照。所有动物５ 周处死,标本作组织学分析。结果表明,２ 周取膜组较空白对照组有更多的新骨形成,而 ３ 周或 ５ 周取膜组织的再生量无进一步增加。提示在引导兔开窗骨缺损的牙周再生中,屏障膜放置所需要的最适宜时间是 ２ 周。     

引导组织再生术促进牙槽骨再生的临床研究

目的观察引导组织再生术(guided tissue regeneragion,GTR)和Bio-plant HTR骨粉植骨术促进Ⅱ度根分叉病变患者牙糟骨再生的作用.方法使用Biomesh膜和 Bio-plant HTR骨粉对18例Ⅱ度根分叉病变行GTR手术和植骨术,手术前和手术后半年检查牙周袋深度、临床附着水平,摄数字化X光根尖片.结果术后半年18颗患牙牙周袋深度较术前明显变浅、附着水平明显增加(P＜0.01),术后半年的数字化X光根尖片与术前对比可见根分叉处暗影变小,牙槽骨密度明显增加,示有新骨形成.结论该方法对Ⅱ度根分叉病变有良好临床疗效.     

室性早搏的快速检测方法

提出一种利用相关性和RR间期比相结合的快速室性早搏的检测算法.该算法具有一定的病人自适应性.通过MIT-BIH心律失常数据库的验证,该方法对Normal和PVC有很高的识别率.     

非临床型乳腺肿瘤在超声引导钢丝穿刺定位下的切除

目的探讨对非临床型乳腺肿瘤的处理方法。方法对非临床型乳腺肿瘤,术前在超声图像监视下．将乳腺定位钢丝穿刺置于病灶内或其附近,行肿瘤的切除活检,待病理诊断结果确定进一步治疗方案。结果32例（38处病灶）经超声引导下钢丝穿刺定位后全部准确完整切除,38处病灶术中冰冻分片病理报告与术后石腊切片病理结果相符有36处。结论超声引导下细钢丝穿刺定位乳腺小肿瘤后行病灶切除活检术,是处理非临床型乳腺肿瘤安全、准确、实用的方法。     

3D打印截骨导板辅助赝复体术中修复BrownⅡ类缺损的精准度评价

目的 设计制作3D打印截骨导板用于赝复体术中修复BrownⅡ类缺损,评价其临床应用的精准度.方法 8例因肿瘤致BrownⅡ类缺损患者纳入研究,术前设计制作3D打印截骨导板及赝复体,术中在截骨导板引导下完成手术,即刻戴入赝复体修复缺损,将术前虚拟计划与术后CBCT融合,对整体及局部区域行偏差分析评价手术精准度.应用SPS...