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1.
肌营养不良(muscular dystrophies,MDs)是一大类以进行性肌无力和肌萎缩为临床特点的遗传性骨骼肌疾病,根据临床表现、受累部位和突变的基因不同大体可分为抗肌萎缩蛋白病、强直性MDs(myotonic dystrophy,MD)、面肩肱型MDs(facioscapulohumeral muscular dystrophy,FSHD)、肢带型MDs(limb-girdle muscular dystrophies,LGMD)、EmeryDreifuss型MDs (Emery-Dreifuss muscular dystrophy,EDMD)和先天性MDs(congenital muscular dystrophy,CMD)。其诊断主要依靠临床表现和肌电图、肌活检和基因筛查等辅助检查。 相似文献
2.
目的 通过研究明确苗药五藤膏外敷缓解胶原诱导性关节炎(CIA)大鼠关节局部炎症和骨破坏的机制,证实苗医外治就近驱邪的作用。方法 将70只Wistar大鼠随机分为空白组、模型组、苗药五藤膏高、中、低剂量组、扶他林组及IL-17阻断组,每组10只。除空白组外,其余6组均构建CIA模型,并给予相应的外敷治疗。观察大鼠一般情况,HE染色进行病理学分析,TRAP染色检测OC生成,ELISA检测各炎症因子的含量,RT-PCR和WB分别检测RANKL的基因及蛋白表达。结果 苗药五藤膏能改善CIA大鼠破骨细胞浸润及关节病理性结构,并降低RANKL蛋白、基因表达以及TNF-α、IL-1、IL-6、IL-17含量。结论 苗药五藤膏外敷剂对CIA大鼠的治疗机制可能与降低致炎因子的分泌,抑制RANKL及OC的表达相关。 相似文献
3.
目的观察吸气肌训练(IMT)对病态肥胖患者减肥术后肺功能、呼吸肌力量及耐力的影响。方法采用随机数字表法将36例拟行减肥手术的病态肥胖患者分为观察组及对照组, 每组18例。观察组及对照组患者均于术后第2~30天期间进行IMT训练, 吸气阻力值分别设定为最大吸气压(MIP)的40%和5%水平, 每天训练20 min。于手术前及术后第2, 7, 14, 30天时分别检测对比2组患者肺功能[包括用力肺活量(FVC)、1 s用力呼气容积(FEV1)及最大呼气流速(PEF)等]、呼吸肌力量[包括最大吸气压(MIP)和最大呼气压(MEP)]及耐力情况。结果观察组各项肺功能指标[FVC:(91.6±11.2)% vs (105.5±10.8)%, P>0.05;FEV1:(92.1±15.6)% vs (104.7±11.3)%, P>0.05;PEF:(91.1±10.5)% vs (103.5±14.3)%, P>0.05]在术后第7天时均恢复至手术前水平, 对照组各项肺功能指标[FVC:(95.8±11.2)% vs (104.5±10.5)%, P>0.05;FEV1:... 相似文献
4.
目的 探讨眼轮匝肌复合瓣结合上睑皮肤松弛矫正术修复较大面积睑黄瘤术后缺损的效果。
方法 选取较大面积睑黄瘤术后缺损患者92例,依照随机数表法分为观察组和对照组,每组46例。对照组采用单纯手术切除缝合,观察组采用眼轮匝肌复合瓣结合上睑皮肤松弛矫正术修复。比较2组手术时间、肉芽生长时间、治愈时间,残留瘤体评分、凹陷瘢痕评分和色素异常评分,美容效果以及复发率和并发症发生率。
结果 2组手术时间比较差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05),观察组肉芽生长时间、治愈时间均短于对照组(P<0.05);术后1个月2组残留瘤体评分、凹陷瘢痕评分、色素异常评分及综合评分比较,差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05),术后6个月,2组残留瘤体评分、凹陷瘢痕评分、色素异常评分及综合评分均降低(P<0.05),且观察组更低(P<0.05);观察组和对照组优良率分别为92.00%和80.52%,观察组的优良率高于对照组(P<0.05);2组复发率和并发症发生率比较差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05)。
结论 眼轮匝肌复合瓣结合上睑皮肤松弛矫正术修复较大面积睑黄瘤术后缺损患者,能够缩短康复时间,提高美容效果,安全可靠。 相似文献
5.
6.
《Cancer radiothérapie》2022,26(3):458-466
PurposeRadiation therapy is often the last resource treatment for cervical relapse in iodine refractory differentiated thyroid cancer. We present locoregional control data in patients with cervical relapse treated with curative intent radiation therapy with or without concomitant carboplatin.Material and methodsThis monocentric retrospective study gathered data on patients with differentiated thyroid carcinoma – vesicular or papillary – in relapse after thyroidectomy who received a curative intent cervical radiation therapy. Locoregional progression free survival (LRPFS), progression free survival (PFS), overall survival (OS) were gathered as well as acute and chronic adverse events assessed with the CTCAE v4.ResultsThirty-nine patients were consecutively included between 2005 and 2019. The median follow-up was 36.6 months. Fifteen patients (38%) had a locoregional relapse, locoregional control at 2 years was 66.7%. The median LRPFS was 48 months [32.9–not reached] and the median overall survival 49 months [38.8–not reached]. In multivariate analysis, initial incomplete resection was associated with poorer OS (HR: 24.39 [3.57–166.78], P = 0.00113) and LRPFS (HR: 33.91 [4.46–257.61], P = 0.00066), extra nodal spread was associated with poorer LRPFS (HR: 13.45 [1.81–99,76], P = 0.011). ECOG performance status was associated with OS (HR: 5.11 [1.57–16.66], P = 0.00688). Carboplatin association with radiation therapy was not associated with improved survivals (OS: P = 0.34, LRPFS: P = 0.84). The rate of acute grade 3 toxicities was 14%.ConclusionSalvage cervical radiation therapy was associated with a locoregional control of 66.7% at 2 years with a reasonable toxicity rate. Carboplatin association with radiation therapy did not improve locoregional control nor overall survival in comparison with radiotherapy alone. 相似文献
7.
Thom T. J. Veeger Nienke M. van de Velde Kevin R. Keene Erik H. Niks Melissa T. Hooijmans Andrew G. Webb Jurriaan H. de Groot Hermien E. Kan 《NMR in biomedicine》2022,35(7):e4691
In Becker muscular dystrophy (BMD), muscle weakness progresses relatively slowly, with a highly variable rate among patients. This complicates clinical trials, as clinically relevant changes are difficult to capture within the typical duration of a trial. Therefore, predictors for disease progression are needed. We assessed if temporal increase of fat fraction (FF) in BMD follows a sigmoidal trajectory and whether fat fraction at baseline (FFbase) could therefore predict FF increase after 2 years (ΔFF). Thereafter, for two different MR-based parameters, we tested the additional predictive value to FFbase. We used 3-T Dixon data from the upper and lower leg, and multiecho spin-echo MRI and 7-T 31P MRS datasets from the lower leg, acquired in 24 BMD patients (age: 41.4 [SD 12.8] years). We assessed the pattern of increase in FF using mixed-effects modelling. Subsequently, we tested if indicators of muscle damage like standard deviation in water T2 (stdT2) and the phosphodiester (PDE) over ATP ratio at baseline had additional value to FFbase for predicting ∆FF. The association between FFbase and ΔFF was described by the derivative of a sigmoid function and resulted in a peak ΔFF around 0.45 FFbase (fourth-order polynomial term: t = 3.7, p < .001). StdT2 and PDE/ATP were not significantly associated with ∆FF if FFbase was included in the model. The relationship between FFbase and ∆FF suggests a sigmoidal trajectory of the increase in FF over time in BMD, similar to that described for Duchenne muscular dystrophy. Our results can be used to identify muscles (or patients) that are in the fast progressing stage of the disease, thereby facilitating the conduct of clinical trials. 相似文献
8.
目的研究肌少症筛查评分在老年2型糖尿病(type 2 diabetes mellitus, T2DM)住院患者中的临床应用,以及肌少症患者的危险因素。方法选取2020年1月—2020年12月同济大学附属同济医院收治的住院T2DM患者共170例,本研究计算了患者的肌少症评分,根据公式得分高低,将所有参与者分为肌少症高风险患者组(n=92)和肌少症低风险患者组(n=78)。分别记录患者的年龄、性别、生活方式;计算患者的腰臀比(waist-to-hip ratio, WHR)、体质量指数(body mass index, BMI),测量患者的小握力、腿围;检测患者的总蛋白(total protein, TP)、白蛋白(albumin, Alb)、前白蛋白(prealbumin, PA)、空腹血糖(fasting plasma glucose, FPG)、糖化血红蛋白(glycosylated hemoglobin, HbA1c)、胆固醇(total cholesterol, TC)、三酰甘油(triglycerides, TG)、血尿素氮(blood urea nitrogen, BUN)、肌酐(creatinine, Cr)、尿酸(uric acid, UA)、维生素D(vitamin D, Vit D)和淋巴细胞计数(lymphocyte, Ly)。比较两组患者一般情况、营养代谢指标、Vit D水平,并分析老年T2DM肌少症高风险患者的影响因素分析。χ2检验进行率的比较,多因素Logistic回归进行相关性分析。结果两组患者的Ishii评分、年龄、性别、BMI、握力、小腿围、ALB、BUN、Cr、FPG比较,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.01)。两组患者的WHR比较,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05);相关性分析结果表明: 老年T2DM患者的肌少症评分与年龄、FPG呈正相关(P<0.05),与BMI、握力和小腿围呈负相关(P<0.05)。多因素非条件Logistic回归结果表明,性别、高水平的FPG是老年T2DM肌少症高风险患者的独立危险因素,较高的BMI是肌少症的保护因素。结论对于老年T2DM患者来说,肌少症评分与FPG、BMI均有一定相关性。性别、高水平的FPG是肌少症高风险患者的明确危险因素,较高的BMI是肌少症的保护因素。 相似文献
9.
目的:探究miR-145 对血管平滑肌细胞(VSMC)的生物活性及对SM22α mRNA 表达的作用。方法:
VSMC分为3 组,增殖VSMC组( 增殖组)、增殖VSMC + 转染miR-145-NC 组( 空载体组)、增殖VSMC+转染
miR-145 组( 增殖转染组)。采用RT-PCR 检测VSMC中SM22α mRNA、miR-145 的表达;免疫印迹检测cyclin
E、p27 蛋白水平;Transwell 小室检测VSMC侵袭能力;MTT检测VSMC活力;流式细胞术检测VSMC凋亡率。
结果:增殖组VSMC中SM22α mRNA、miR-145 水平与空载体组相比数值较为接近;与增殖组及空载体组相比,
增殖转染组VSMC中miR-145、SM22α mRNA 表达升高。增殖组VSMC中cyclin E、p27 蛋白水平与空载体组相
比无差异;增殖转染组cyclin E 蛋白水平低于空载体组、增殖组,p27 蛋白水平高于空载体组、增殖组。增殖组
VSMC迁移数量与空载体组相比无差异;增殖转染组VSMC迁移数量明显低于空载体组、增殖组。增殖组与空载
体组VSMC在不同时间点的OD 值均较为接近;增殖转染组OD 值在不同时间点均低于空载体组、增殖组。增殖
组VSMC凋亡率与空载体组数值接近,组间比较差距较小;增殖转染组VSMC凋亡率较空载体组和增殖组升高。
结论:过表达miR-145 通过促进SM22α 水平增加,抑制血管平滑肌细胞的增殖,并促进其凋亡。 相似文献
10.
Kangaroo rats (Dipodomys spp.) use specialized bipedal hopping like that of kangaroos. In contrast to kangaroos that have elastic tendons capable of storing energy, kangaroo rats have inelastic tendons that are unable to store large amounts of energy. Thus, the musculature of the ankle joint provides the greatest power contribution to kangaroo rat hopping. Skeletal muscle can be characterized by several fiber types, including slow twitch (Type I) and fast twitch (Type II) fibers. Fast fibers are found in higher concentration in muscles that perform quick, dynamic movements, whereas slow fibers are found in higher proportion in muscles that perform slow, endurant movements. Using fiber type specific antibodies, we identified four pure (Types I, IIA, IIB, and IIX) and two hybrid (Types I/IIA and IIA/IIX) fiber types in six hindlimb muscles from three kangaroo rats (Dipodomys merriami) to investigate the relationship between fiber composition and hindlimb muscle function. Hindlimb muscles (except soleus) were dominated by Type IIB fibers, which were largest in cross-sectional area, and are known to be best suited for rapid and explosive movements. Oxidative Type IIA and Type IIX fibers were found at moderate concentrations and likely function in maintaining continual saltatory locomotion. Thus, kangaroo rats can use these two fiber type populations as “gears” for both endurant and explosive behaviors. 相似文献