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1.
目的探讨对老年类风湿性关节炎(RA)应用辅助任务导向训练的干预对其手功能康复以及生存质量的影响。方法选取佛山市第五人民医院治疗的老年RA患者80例,根据入院先后顺序,通过随机数字表分为治疗组40例与对照组40例,入组患者均给予规范抗风湿药物常规治疗,对照组采取常规手部抗阻训练方式,治疗组则在对照组的基础上给予辅助任务导向训练干预,对两组干预1个月,比较干预前后两组患者手指总主动活动度(TAM)、握力、改良Barthel指数评分以及生活质量评价量表(SF-36)评分情况。结果①两组患者治疗前双侧手指TAM、握力、改良Barthel指数评分以及SF-36评分比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。②治疗后,两组双侧手指TAM、握力、改良Barthel指数评分以及SF-36评分分别较组内治疗前明显改善(P<0.05)。治疗后治疗组左手TAM(268.25±20.62)°与右手TAM(259.93±23.44)°分别高于对照组左手TAM(235.56±25.21)°与右手TAM(224.37±21.86)°(P<0.05);治疗后治疗组左手握力(75.12±8.09)mmHg(1 mmHg=0.133 kPa)与右手握力(79.62±7.86)mmHg分别高于对照组左手握力(62.56±7.78)mmHg与右手握力(65.13±8.10)mmHg(P<0.05);治疗后治疗组改良Barthel指数评分(35.25±4.60)分高于对照组改良Barthel指数评分(31.56±5.25)分(P<0.05);治疗后治疗组SF-36评分(88.25±11.62)分高于对照组SF-36评分(80.56±16.21)分(P<0.05)。结论对老年RA进行辅助任务导向训练干预可提高患者手部关节活动度,增强手部握力,提高日常生活手功能活动能力以及改善生存质量水平。  相似文献   
2.
目的探究磁共振成像(MRI)常规序列与三维扰相脂肪抑制梯度回波(3D-WATS)序列对早期类风湿性关节炎手关节病变的诊断价值。方法前瞻性选取2019年1月至2020年1月丹东市第一医院收治的80例疑似早期类风湿关节炎(RA)手关节病变患者作为研究对象。所有患者入院后分别行MRI常规序列及3D-WATS序列诊断,将诊断结果与病理结果对照,分析不同序列对早期RA手关节病变检出情况以及诊断的敏感性、准确性与特异性。结果病理诊断结果显示,80例患者中52例确诊为RA手关节病变阳性,28例为阴性;经3D-WATS序列诊断显示RA手关节病变阳性49例,阴性26例;MRI常规序列检出RA手关节病变阳性40例、阴性20例。3D-WATS序列诊断RA手关节病变的敏感性(94.23%)、特异性(92.86%)及准确率(93.75%)均显著高于MRI常规序列诊断(76.92%,71.43%,75.00%),差异均有统计学意义(P <0.05);3D-WATS序列对关节滑膜炎、骨侵蚀检出率(87.50%,66.25%)明显高于MRI常规序列(68.75%,50.00%),差异均有统计学意义(P <0.05)。结论 MRI 3D-WATS序列诊断早期类风湿性关节炎手关节病变敏感性、特异性及准确率高,能够有效检出关节滑膜炎、骨侵蚀等情况,优于MRI常规序列诊断,能够为临床治疗提供可靠依据,值得临床推广应用。  相似文献   
3.
ObjectivesWe investigated whether nanopore 16S amplicon sequencing is capable of bacterial identification in patients with knee prosthetic joint infection (PJI), and we compared its efficacy with conventional culture studies.MethodsIn total, 36 patients who had clinical manifestation suspected of PJI were enrolled in this study. To begin, synovial fluids were aspirated from the affected knee using aseptic technique and tissues specimens were obtained during the surgery. Next, DNA was extracted from the synovial fluid or tissues, and 16S rDNA PCR was performed. In PCR positive cases, nanopore amplicon sequencing was then performed for up to 3 h. The results of amplicon sequencing were compared to those of conventional culture studies.ResultsOf the 36 patients enrolled, 22 were classified as true infections according to the MSIS criteria whereas 14 were considered uninfected. Among the 22 PJI cases, 19 cases were culture positive (CP-PJI) while three cases were culture negative (CN-PJI). In 14 of 19 (73.7 %) CP- PJI cases, 16S sequencing identified concordant bacteria with conventional culture studies with a significantly shorter turnaround time. In some cases, nanopore 16S sequencing was superior to culture studies in the species-level identification of pathogen and detection of polymicrobial infections. Altogether, in the majority of PJI candidate patients (32 of 36, 88.9 %), 16S sequencing achieved identical results to cultures studies with a significantly reduced turnaround time (100.9 ± 32.5 h vs. 10.8 ± 7.7 h, p < 0.001).ConclusionsNanopore 16S sequencing was found to be particularly useful for pathogen identification in knee PJI. Although the sensitivity was not superior to culture studies, the nanopore 16S sequencing was much faster, and species-level identification and detection of polymicrobial infections were superior to culture studies.  相似文献   
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5.
正颌手术后髁突移位可导致患者复发以及出现颞下颌关节症状。为减少术后髁突移位,众多髁突定位技术运用于临床中。旨探讨髁突定位技术预防术后出现关节症状及复发的有效性,本文回顾近20年内国内外正颌术中髁突定位技术的相关文献,经文献归纳发现,定位技术以稳定术前髁突位置为最终目的,可分为非计算机辅助和计算机辅助定位技术。目前计算机辅助设计与制造髁突定位装置(computer?aided de?sign/computer?aided manufacturing condylar positioning devices,CAD/CAM CPDs)定位效果最佳,由牙支持式与骨支持式导板组成。其余各技术定位效果由高到低排序:CAD/CAM钛板定位>手法定位>计算机辅助导航系统>影像定位系统。各定位技术的精准度可达到与髁突术前位置相差1~2 mm与1°~2°,有效预防术后复发以及关节症状,为不同级别的外科医生和不同难度的病例提供临床参考。该领域仍缺乏大样本和长时间随访的随机对照试验。未来需进一步研究,以优化现今髁突定位技术,提升其临床实际效用及开拓新型定位技术。  相似文献   
6.
BackgroundPrevious studies have demonstrated that solid organ transplant (SOT) patients undergoing primary total knee arthroplasty (TKA) are at an increased risk of postoperative complications. The purpose of this study is to utilize a large, national database to investigate revision TKA (rTKA) outcomes in SOT patients.MethodsThis was a retrospective review utilizing the Nationwide Readmissions Database (NRD) and ICD-9 codes to identify patients who underwent rTKA from 2010-2014 with a history of at least one SOT. Propensity-score-matching (PSM) was used to compare rTKA outcomes in SOT patients compared to matched patients without SOT.ResultsA total of 303,867 rTKAs, with 464 of those being performed in SOT patients, were included in the study. Of these, 71,903 and 182 were performed for PJI in non-SOT and SOT patients, respectively. rTKA was performed most frequently in kidney transplant patients (53.0%) followed by liver transplant patients (34.3%). For non-PJI patients, SOT patients had a higher 90-day readmission rate than matched non-SOT rTKA patients (23.2% vs 12.6%, p = 0.006). However, there were no differences in 90-day readmission rates for specific rTKA complications, subsequent revision rTKA, or mortality. Among patients undergoing rTKA for PJI, there was no difference in overall 90-day readmission rate, readmission for specific rTKA complications, subsequent revision rTKA, or mortality.ConclusionsWhile the increased medical comorbidities associated with SOT place patients at increased risk for complications following rTKA, it appears that SOT alone does not do so when patients are matched based on overall medical comorbidity.  相似文献   
7.
《Fu? & Sprunggelenk》2022,20(3):185-191
Metatarsalgia is a common and well-known problem in the orthopedic office. Since 1916 metatarsal osteotomies are described for the treatment of this pathology. Austrian orthopedic surgeons and Foot & Ankle specialists have worked on this topic. A special focus was on the clinical and biomechanical analysis of the Weil osteotomy. Also, the next step of the evolution of the treatment of metatarsalgia, the DMMO (Distal Metaphyseal Metatarsal Osteotomy) was accompanied with clinical studies. Recent literature shows that if the criteria of indications are respected, the DMMO is a reproducible and safe technique. Since this technique has shown a learning curve, thorough training is necessary.  相似文献   
8.
目的探讨改良张力支具对肱骨髁间骨折患者术后功能康复的临床效果评价。 方法回顾性分析本院采用切开复位内固定术治疗的40例肱骨髁间骨折患者的资料。单纯采用普通固定支具进行功能锻炼的为对照组(21例),采用改良张力支具进行功能锻炼的为观察组(19例)。比较两组患者术后去除支具和末次随访时肘关节屈曲度、肘关节背伸度、前臂旋前度、前臂旋后度和Mayo肘关节功能评分,以评定改良张力支具的疗效。 结果所有患者术后均获得随访,平均随访13.79个月。观察组与对照组相比,术后去除支具时肘关节屈伸活动度[(104.47±12.37)° vs.(88.85±8.10)°,P<0.001],差异有统计学意义;肘关节旋转活动度[(140.31±16.87)° vs.(135.66±12.86)°,P=0.331],差异无统计学意义;肘关节Mayo评分[(78.84±5.04)分vs.(73.80±4.46)分,P=0.002],差异有统计学意义。末次随访时肘关节屈伸活动度[(107.52±12.30)° vs.(93.00±8.47)°,P<0.001],差异有统计学意义;肘关节旋转活动度[(141.42±17.02)° vs.(137.19±12.80)°,P=0.37],差异无统计学意义;肘关节Mayo评分[(80.15±5.24)分vs.(74.95±4.18)分,P=0.001],差异有统计学意义。 结论术后使用改良张力支具可以改善肱骨髁间骨折患者的屈伸活动度和肘关节功能。  相似文献   
9.
Many prospective biomedical studies collect longitudinal clinical and lifestyle data that are both continuous and discrete. In some studies, there is interest in the association between a binary outcome and the values of these longitudinal measurements at a specific time point. A common problem in these studies is inconsistency in timing of measurements and missing follow-ups which can lead to few measurements at the time of interest. Some methods have been developed to address this problem, but are only applicable to continuous measurements. To address this limitation, we propose a new class of joint models for a binary outcome and longitudinal explanatory variables of mixed types. The longitudinal model uses a latent normal random variable construction with regression splines to model time-dependent trends in mean with a Dirichlet Process prior assigned to random effects to relax distribution assumptions. We also standardize timing of the explanatory variables by relating the binary outcome to imputed longitudinal values at a set time point. The proposed model is evaluated through simulation studies and applied to data from a cancer survivor study of participants in the Women's Health Initiative.  相似文献   
10.
 目的 探讨武警某队属医院收治的骨关节训练伤特点及膝关节损伤的危险因素。方法 收集2020年1-12月因骨关节军事训练伤在武警湖北总队医院骨科住院治疗官兵的病例资料,通过统计骨关节训练伤种类、构成比及受伤训练科目与时间来分析骨关节训练伤的特点。采用回顾性病例对照研究的设计,以分层整群抽样的方式在全总队范围抽取83名发生过膝关节损伤的官兵为损伤组,91名从未发生膝关节损伤的官兵作为未损伤组,向两组受试对象发放问卷,通过问卷设置一般情况、行为习惯、身体素质、训练运动量、主观情绪、社会认知6个维度共20个问题,对问卷内容采用单因素分析和二元Logistic回归分析以探索膝关节损伤的相关危险因素。结果 (1)2020年,武警湖北总队医院共收治骨关节训练伤住院病例155例,含12类疾病诊断,其中膝关节损伤在骨关节训练伤疾病谱系中占比最高,400m障碍是最常导致骨关节损伤的训练科目,1-3月及7-9月为骨关节训练伤发病的高峰期。(2)膝关节损伤的单因素分析显示,损伤组的行中、大强度训练量与消极情绪人数占比高于未损伤组(P<0.05);与损伤组相比,未损伤组中有饮茶习惯的人数占比较高(P<0.05);损伤组中体重指数超重人数占比、吸烟习惯的人数占比及睡眠质量较差的人数占比均高于未损伤组(P<0.05);Logistc回归表明:超负荷训练量、消极情绪、睡眠差、高BMI值、吸烟是膝关节训练伤的独立危险因素(P<0.05),饮茶习惯是保护因素(P<0.05)。结论 (1)骨关节训练伤主要由12类病种构成,其中膝关节损伤的占比最高;在发生骨关节损伤的8个训练项目中,400米障碍训练是最容易发生骨关节损伤的,每年1-3月及7-9月是骨关节训练伤发病率的高峰期。(2)过高训练量、消极情绪、睡眠差、吸烟、高BMI值是在军事训练中导致膝关节损伤的独立危险因素,饮茶习惯则是保护因素。  相似文献   
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