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1.
目的探讨空心螺钉捆绑带结合半髋关节置换治疗高龄股骨转子间骨折的近期疗效。 方法回顾性分析2015年8月至2017年8月新疆自治区人民医院收治的采用后外侧手术入路,股骨双动头置换结合空心螺钉及捆绑带重建股骨大粗隆的方法,治疗股骨粗隆间骨折尤其是股骨外侧壁破坏较为严重的高龄患者。术后第1天、第1、3、6个月及1年复查C反应蛋白、红细胞沉降率、血常规以及X线片,观察术后X线片是否达到骨性愈合,捆绑带及空心螺钉是否松动,股骨柄假体有无松动及下沉,使用Harris髋关节评分(HHS)评价患者髋关节功能,利用直立行走试验(TUG)评估关节活动。 结果15例患者术后1年的X线片均可见大转子骨折实现了骨性愈合,空心螺钉及捆绑带未见松动,骨水泥长柄稳定,未见明显松动及下沉,C反应蛋白、红细胞沉降率、血常规均正常,伤口局部无红肿,无感染征象。Harris评分:末次随访的HHS评分为(76±17)分。末次随访TUG为(17±9)s。术后2例患者出现大粗隆外侧活动后出现轻度疼痛,休息可缓解。末次随访,臀中肌外展肌力达到5级的共5例,4级共4例,3级的共3例。残留轻度跛行的3例,均为臀中肌外展肌力3级(2例)者。1例对手术疗效较不满意,跛行(1例),其余14例表示非常满意或比较满意。所有患者均于术后3 d内下地行走。 结论采用股骨双动头置换,结合空心螺钉及捆绑带重建股骨大粗隆的方法,治疗高龄股骨转子间骨折,可获得早期初始稳定性,帮助患者早日下床活动,近期疗效较好,显著提高了患者的生活质量。  相似文献   
2.
Preterm birth (PTB) is commonest cause of perinatal mortality and morbidity in multiple pregnancies with significant long-term sequelae. The etiology of PTB is multifactorial. Universal screening by a transvaginal assessment of cervical length (CL) at midtrimester scan is recommended for all women with twin pregnancies. Women with CL ≤ 25 mm should be offered prophylactic vaginal progesterone to mitigate the risk of PTB. Other modalities like home uterine activity monitoring, digital cervical examination, fetal fibronectin (FFN) assessment, and screening for infections are not recommended. History-indicated cerclage is not advised in unselected twin pregnancies, but a combination of physical examination-indicated cerclage, tocolytics, and antibiotics may be considered in twin pregnancies with a dilated cervix prior to 24 weeks’ gestation. Routine use of cervical pessary is not advised and should be limited to research settings. Neither transvaginal CL nor FFN assessment is supported by evidence to predict the risk of PTB in symptomatic women with multiple pregnancies. More research is warranted to develop and validate algorithms to predict PTB to provide individualized care to these high-risk pregnancies.  相似文献   
3.

Objective

To evaluate whether amniotic fluid markers can aid the decision of whether to retain or remove a cervical cerclage after preterm premature rupture of membranes (PPROM).

Methods

A retrospective cohort study included pregnancies involving PPROM after diagnostic amniocentesis and cerclage placement. Cerclage was retained for more than 12 hours after PPROM in the study group (n = 18); the comparison group comprised women who underwent immediate cerclage removal after PPROM (n = 22). Analyses were performed using concentrations of interleukin (IL)-6, glucose, and white blood cells (WBCs) in the amniotic fluid to measure relationships with adverse outcomes.

Results

The latency period from PPROM to delivery was significantly shorter in the group that underwent immediate cerclage removal (P < 0.005). Latency periods of more than 48 hours (P < 0.001) and more than 7 days (P < 0.01), and chorioamnionitis (P < 0.05) were associated with cerclage retention. Neonatal outcomes were not significantly different between the study group and the comparison group. However, elevated IL-6 levels were associated with cumulative neonatal morbidity (P < 0.05). Low IL-6 (P < 0.001) and WBC (P < 0.05) levels were significantly associated with a latency period of more than 7 days.

Conclusion

Amniotic fluid levels of IL-6 and WBCs may be of clinical value for individualizing the management of patients with PPROM after cerclage.  相似文献   
4.
5.
目的 探讨应用宫颈环绕术治疗宫颈机能不全的临床疗效. 方法 随机选取2012年6月—2015年4月经该院确诊的宫颈机能不全者50例,所有患者的孕期均为16~21周,对所有患者采用宫颈环扎术进行治疗,观察并分析临床治疗效果. 结果 所有患者中择期手术组有38例患者,经过手术治疗后获得新生儿35例,治疗有效率92.1%;紧急手术组有12例患者,最终获得新生儿4例,治疗有效率33.3%. 两组之间差异有统计学意义(P<0.05). 结论 应用宫颈环绕术对宫颈机能不全进行治疗效果明显,手术时机的选择以及对术后感染的及时监控对提高治疗宫颈环扎术的疗效至关重要,正确合理地进行宫颈环绕术不仅可以使并发症得以避免,从而获得良好的治愈以及妊娠结局.  相似文献   
6.

Objective:

This study aimed to determine the impact of maternal cervical incompetence (with or without McDonald cerclage) on mortality and morbidity of preterm infant with birth weight <2000g.

Methods:

581 neonates were eligible for this study, 79 with cervical incompetence and 502 without it (control). Incidences of neonatal respiratory distress syndrome (RDS), bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD), intraventricular hemorrhage (IVH), neonatal necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC), retinopathy of prematurity (ROP), periventricular leukomalacia (PVL), severe asphyxia, small for gestational age (SGA), early-onset sepsis (EOS), and mortality were compared between the two groups.

Findings:

Mean gestational age was earlier in cervical incompetence group than in control (30.2±2.1 vs 30.7±1.9, P<0.05). Except lower frequency of SGA, there were no significant differences in the incidences of RDS, BPD, ROP, PVL, IVH, NEC, EOS, severe asphyxia and mortality between the two groups. Infants with no cerclage had a higher prevalence of RDS (21/66 vs 9/13, P<0.05) compared to cerclage group due to lower mean gestational age (30.68±2.1 vs 28.6±1.4, P<0.01) and birth weight (1519.5±274.6 vs 1205.8±204.4, P<0.001), and clinical neonatal outcomes of the elective cerclage were similar to emergency cerclage in cervical incompetence groups.

Conclusion:

Maternal cervical incompetence was not associated with postnatal adverse neonatal outcomes. Lower mean gestational age was a major risk associated with higher prevalence of RDS in preterm neonates with no McDonald cerclage, and emergency cerclage did not predict poor clinical neonatal outcomes.  相似文献   
7.
宫颈环扎术是治疗宫颈机能不全的唯一有效方法,其并发症发生率低,相关报道少,严重并发症罕见。最常见的并发症包括胎膜早破、绒毛膜羊膜炎、子宫内膜炎、围手术期出血、宫颈裂伤、环扎线或环扎带移位等,少见的并发症有膀胱宫颈瘘、输尿管宫颈瘘等,经阴道环扎的并发症较经腹环扎多。并发症的发生率因宫颈环扎的时机及适应证的不同而异。并发症常随孕周的增加及宫颈的扩张而增多,当胎膜破裂或宫颈扩张时行环扎术会增加并发症的发生风险。故应严格掌握适应证与禁忌证,选择适合的手术时机。已证明宫颈环扎的穿刺点和环扎带的位置直接影响妊娠结局,环扎带越接近宫颈内口效果越好。宫颈环扎后一般要限制体力活动,适当卧床休息,若子宫的敏感性增高给予孕酮和保胎药物,有感染病史及感染迹象者给予抗生素,重视阴道感染的筛查与治疗,密切监测母胎情况,关注宫颈环扎可能出现的并发症。开腹或腹腔镜环扎需剖宫产分娩,如有产兆,应即刻施术,避免发生宫颈裂伤或子宫破裂。  相似文献   
8.
Twin pregnancies are prone to preterm birth and consequent morbidity. There is an increasing evidence base concerning the prediction and prevention of preterm birth in singletons, including the reduction of morbidity with therapies such as magnesium sulphate and antenatal corticosteroids. However, the research in twins is less clear, partly due to fewer numbers being investigated, but also evidence is largely based on twins without a previous history. Prophylactic interventions such as cerclage, progesterone and vaginal pessaries are increasingly showing benefit in singleton pregnancies with a prior history and when the cervix is short. Cerclage in twins has not been adequately researched in women with previous preterm birth, and as with singletons should not be used on the basis of a short cervix alone. Vaginal progesterone does not work in twins, but its value in high-risk twins, with a prior history and short cervix is uncertain. The vaginal pessary may be valuable in the twin with a short cervix. Currently, it is reasonable to extrapolate some of the evidence from singletons to twins, e.g. with antenatal corticosteroids and magnesium sulphate. Cerclage, vaginal pessaries and progesterone should not be routinely used in twin pregnancies without an additional high-risk factor such as prior history of preterm birth or short cervix, until further evidence is obtained.  相似文献   
9.
《Injury》2016,47(2):453-459
BackroundPurpose of this experimental study was to investigate the influence of cerclages on the primary stability of the MUTARS® system using distally fractured synthetic femora.Methods4 MUTARS® prostheses were implanted in synthetic femora respectively. Groups consisted of 4 intact bones, 4 fractured with cerclages and 4 fractured bones without cerclages. Spatial micromovements were measured with a high-precision rotational setup.FindingsThe order from the weakest to the strongest torque transmission of the intact bones was rm1-rm4-rm2-rm3 (p = 0.011) and of the fractured bones with cerclages rm4-rm1-rm3-rm2 (p = 0.013). The MUTARS® stems broke out of the fractured femoral shaft by removing cerclages (p < 0.001) and by the influence of bone defect A (p < 0.001). Overall micromovements of the intact bones were lower than those of the fractured bones without cerclages (p < 0.001) and overall micromovements of the fractured bones with cerclages were lower than those of bones without cerclages (p < 0.001).InterpretationDue to high press-fit at the proximal and distal isthmus region fissural fractures of the femur may occur. This should always be taken into account. It is advisable to secure them and provide a prophylaxis for these fissural fractures by means of cerclages.  相似文献   
10.
Cervical cerclage is currently one of the primary methods of treatment for cervical insufficiency (CI). Identifying methods in order to selectively apply cerclage may allow us to further limit unnecessary procedures. In this regard, a limited number of inflammatory and extracellular matrix biomarkers measurable non-invasively at the level of the cervix have been examined. In this review we summarize the current research on the use of cervical biomarkers in predicting cerclage failure and propose potential objectives for future research.  相似文献   
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