Specific alterations in plasma proteins during depressed,manic, and euthymic states of bipolar disorder

Bipolar disorder (BD) is a common psychiatric mood disorder affecting more than 1-2% of the general population of different European countries. Unfortunately, there is no objective laboratory-based test to aid BD diagnosis or monitor its progression, and little is known about the molecular basis of BD. Here, we performed a comparative proteomic study to identify differentially expressed plasma proteins in various BD mood states (depressed BD, manic BD, and euthymic BD) relative to healthy controls. A total of 10 euthymic BD, 20 depressed BD, 15 manic BD, and 20 demographically matched healthy control subjects were recruited. Seven high-abundance proteins were immunodepleted in plasma samples from the 4 experimental groups, which were then subjected to proteome-wide expression profiling by two-dimensional electrophoresis and matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization-time-of-flight/time-of-flight tandem mass spectrometry. Proteomic results were validated by immunoblotting and bioinformatically analyzed using MetaCore. From a total of 32 proteins identified with 1.5-fold changes in expression compared with healthy controls, 16 proteins were perturbed in BD independent of mood state, while 16 proteins were specifically associated with particular BD mood states. Two mood-independent differential proteins, apolipoprotein (Apo) A1 and Apo L1, suggest that BD pathophysiology may be associated with early perturbations in lipid metabolism. Moreover, down-regulation of one mood-dependent protein, carbonic anhydrase 1 (CA-1), suggests it may be involved in the pathophysiology of depressive episodes in BD. Thus, BD pathophysiology may be associated with early perturbations in lipid metabolism that are independent of mood state, while CA-1 may be involved in the pathophysiology of depressive episodes.     

不同药物方案治疗儿童双相情感障碍疗效比较及代谢指标观察

目的 探讨儿童双相情感障碍经不同药物方案治疗后代谢指标的变化及治疗疗效。方法 回顾性分析2017年1月至2020年1月于该院就诊的220例儿童双相情感障碍患儿的临床资料。根据治疗方法分组，单纯采用非典型抗精神病药物治疗的112例患儿纳入对照组，采用非典型抗精神病药物联合心境稳定剂治疗的108例患儿纳入研究组。比较两组基线资料水平，治疗前后代谢指标空腹胰岛素（FIN）、糖化血红蛋白（HbAlc）、总胆固醇（TC）、三酰甘油（TG）、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇（HDL-C）、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇（LDL-C）水平变化，以及代谢综合征发生情况及临床疗效。结果 两组患儿年龄、性别、病程等基线资料比较差异均无统计学意义（P > 0.05）。研究组总有效率为92.6%，高于对照组（82.1%，P < 0.05）。治疗前，两组FIN、HbAlc水平比较差异无统计学意义（P > 0.05）；治疗后，对照组FIN水平高于治疗前，且高于研究组（P < 0.05）；但研究组治疗前后FIN水平比较差异无统计学意义（P > 0.05）；两组治疗前后HbAlc水平比较差异无统计学意义（P > 0.05）。治疗前，两组TC、TG、HDL-C、LDL-C水平比较，差异无统计学意义（P > 0.05）；治疗后，对照组TC、TG水平均高于治疗前，且高于研究组（P < 0.05）；但研究组治疗前后TC、TG水平比较差异无统计学意义（P > 0.05）；两组治疗前后HDL-C、LDL-C水平比较差异无统计学意义（P > 0.05）。研究组代谢综合征发生率（2.8%）低于对照组（9.8%）（P < 0.05）。结论 儿童双相情感障碍采用非经典抗精神病药物联合心境稳定剂治疗对代谢指标水平影响较小，且疗效显著。     

双极电凝和PK刀用于腹腔镜子宫切除术的比较

目的：比较双极电凝和PK刀在腹腔镜子宫切除术中的应用情况。方法：回顾分析我院2006年1月至12月66例腹腔镜子宫切除患者的临床资料。其中双极电凝组33例,PK刀组33例。比较两组患者的术中出血量、手术时间等指标。结果：所有手术均获成功,无中转开腹及严重并发症发生。PK刀组在手术出血量和手术时间上均显著少于双极电凝组。结论：与双极电凝相比,PK刀具有止血效果佳,热辐射损伤小,器械操作简单、易学等优点,极大提高了妇科腹腔镜子宫切除术的手术质量。     

宫腔镜双极汽化电切术临床分析

目的 探讨宫腔镜双极汽化切割术的安全性和疗效。方法 术前宫腔镜诊断均为黏膜下肌瘤和肌壁间凸向宫腔肌瘤36例，在宫腔镜下施行双极汽化电切术。结果 手术成功率100％，手术时间10-70分钟，平均32分钟；出血量12-100ml，平均28ml；标本重15-42g，平均31g。术中、术后无并发症。术后满意率94．4％。结论 宫腔镜双极汽化切割术具有手术时间短、出血少、无并发症等优点，疗效满意。     

The clinical phenotypes of juvenile bipolar disorder: toward a validation of the episodic-chronic-distinction.

BACKGROUND: Recent research has addressed the issue of subtyping juvenile bipolar disorder (JBD). Accordingly, we set out to find out, in a naturalistic sample of bipolar children and adolescents with mania and mixed mania, whether the most useful subtyping should be based on clinical features (elated vs. irritable) or course (episodic vs. chronic). METHODS: We studied 136 patients, 81 male patients (59.6%) and 55 female patients (40.4%), mean age 13.5 +/- 2.9 years, meeting the DSM-IV diagnosis of bipolar disorder, assessed by a structured clinical interview (Schedule for Affective Disorders and Schizophrenia for School-Age Children-Present and Lifetime Version [K-SADS-PL]). RESULTS: Regarding course, 77 patients (56.6%) had an episodic course and 59 patients (43.4%) had a chronic course. Patients with chronic course were significantly younger, had an earlier onset of JBD, and presented a more frequent comorbidity with disruptive behavior disorders. According to the prevalent mood disturbance, 75 patients (55.1%) showed an elated and 61 patients (44.9%) showed an irritable mood. Elated mood was more frequent in patients with episodic course, whereas irritable mood was more frequent in the patients with chronic course. CONCLUSIONS: These findings suggest that chronic versus episodic course may be a putative differential feature. Further validation of such a distinction would require prospective studies, temperament evaluation, gender and neurobiologic approaches, and differential psychopharmacologic assignment and response.     

高龄老年不稳定型股骨转子间骨折DHS固定与股骨头置换的临床评估

目的比较DHS内固定与股骨头置换术在治疗高龄老年不稳定型股骨转子间骨折的5项临床指标,评估两种治疗方法的优劣。方法随机抽取2000年6月～2004年12月高龄老年不稳定型股骨转子间骨折行DHS内固定(A组)与股骨头置换术(B组)各20例,对手术时间、术中出血量、术后下床锻炼时间、并发症、疗效优良率5项临床指标进行比较。结果5项临床指标显示B组疗效明显优于A组,两组数据经统计学处理有显著性差异(P<0.01)。结论股骨头置换术的疗效明显优于DHS内固定,其可作为临床治疗高龄老年不稳定型股骨转子间骨折的一种合理的选择。     

经尿道等离子体双极电切术治疗良性前列腺增生及膀胱肿瘤

目的　探讨经尿道等离子体双极电切的安全性与有效性。　方法　用经尿道等离子体双极电切行前列腺切除 (PKRP) 30 0例 ,前列腺 2 1～ 12 6 g ,平均 (49.7± 35 .8) g ;行浅表性膀胱肿瘤切除 (PKRBT) 37例 ,肿瘤分级G12 5例 ,G2 12例。术后随访 1～ 6个月。　结果　PKRP手术时间 13～ 98min ,平均 (48± 31)min ;切除前列腺组织重量 7～ 91g ,平均 (31± 2 9)g。无 1例需输血 ,无电切综合征发生。术后 1、3、6个月 ,最大尿流率 (Qmax)由术前的 (5 .2± 3.9)ml/s分别上升至 (19.2±4 .1)、(2 1.8± 4 .6 )、(2 2 .3± 5 .7)ml/s;国际前列腺症状评分 (IPSS)由术前的 2 4 .7下降至 5 .7、5 .4、5 .1;生活质量评分 (QOL)由术前的 5 .3分别下降至 1.7、1.8、1.2。 3项指标手术前后比较差异均有显著性意义 (P <0 .0 5 )。PKRBT手术时间 5～ 39min ,平均 (2 4± 13)min。 17例侧壁肿瘤切除时 ,5例发生闭孔神经反射 ,其中 1例发生膀胱穿孔。随访 1～ 6个月无复发。　结论　用等离子体双极电切进行PKRP和PKRBT安全有效。     

Parvalbumin neurons in the entorhinal cortex of subjects diagnosed with bipolar disorder or schizophrenia.

BACKGROUND: Growing evidence indicates that the entorhinal cortex (ECx) might be affected in schizophrenia (SZ) and bipolar disorder (BD). To test whether distinct interneuronal subpopulations might be altered, numbers of parvalbumin-immunoreactive (PVB-IR) neurons were measured in the ECx of BD and SZ subjects. These neurons play a pivotal role within ECx intrinsic circuits. METHODS: Numbers, numerical density, and soma size of PVB-IR neurons were measured in the ECx of normal control (n = 16), BD (n = 10), and SZ (n = 10) subjects. The volume of the ECx was measured in Nissl-stained sections. RESULTS: In BD, decreases of total numbers (p = .02) and numerical densities (p = .01) of PVB-IR neurons were detected in the ECx. Within distinct subregions, reductions were detected in the superficial layers of the lateral (p = .02), intermediate (p = .04), and caudal (p = .01) ECx. In SZ, total numbers and numerical densities were not altered. A reduction of soma size was present in the intermediate ECx (p = .01). Volume was unaffected in either disorder. CONCLUSIONS: In BD, a decrease of PVB-IR neurons may alter intrinsic inhibitory networks within the superficial layers of the ECx. The likely consequence is a disruption of integration and transfer of information from the cerebral cortex to the hippocampus.     

碳酸锂合并丙戊酸钠预防双相障碍复发的研究

目的比较碳酸锂合并丙戊酸钠与单用碳酸锂对预防双相障碍复发的疗效。方法对82例临床康复的双相障碍患者随机分为碳酸锂合并丙戊酸钠组及单用碳酸锂组,合并用药组44例,单用碳酸锂组38例,随访观察2年。结果合并用药组有效率为88.6%,单用碳酸锂组有效率为68.4%,两组比较差异有显著性(P<0.05)。结论碳酸锂合并丙戊酸钠对双相障碍有较好的预防复发作用。