Role of arterial stiffness and endothelial dysfunction on lower limb performance in older adults with type 2 diabetes: A cross-sectional study

AimTo verify whether arterial stiffness and endothelial dysfunction influence lower limb muscle strength and gait speed in older adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM).MethodsCross-sectional study including seventy-eight older adults with T2DM (aged 67 ± 6 years and 42 % male). Arterial stiffness was assessed using pulse wave velocity (PWV), while endothelial function was measured by flow-mediated dilation (FMD). Lower limb muscle strength and gait speed were assessed using the 30-second chair stand test (30s-CST) and 10-Meter Walk Test, respectively.ResultsBoth PWV (m/s) and FMD (%) were univariately associated with number of repetitions in 30s-CST and gait speed (P < 0.05). After control for age, sex and body mass index, PWV remained associated with repetitions in 30s-CST (95 % CI: ?0.494 to ?0.054; P = 0.015) and gait speed (95 % CI: ?0.039 to ?0.002; P = 0.031). After adjustments for control variables, T2DM duration and glycemic control, FMD was associated with repetitions in 30s-CST (95 % CI: 0.008 to 0.324; P = 0.039) and gait speed (95 % CI: 0.011 to 0.038; P = 0.001).ConclusionIn older adults with T2DM, both arterial stiffness and endothelial dysfunction are associated with decreased leg muscle strength and slower gait speed.     

Gender difference in association between diabetes mellitus and all-cause mortality in atrial fibrillation patients

ObjectiveThere may be gender difference in correlation of diabetes mellitus (DM) and cardiovascular events. We attempt to investigate whether there is gender-heterogeneity in one-year outcomes of atrial fibrillation (AF) patients with DM or not.MethodsPatients who were diagnosed with AF admitted to the emergency departments in the Chinese AF Multicenter Registry study were enrolled. Basic demographics information, initial Blood Pressure and heart rate, medical histories, and treatments of each patient were collected. Follow-up was carried out with a mean duration of one year. The primary endpoint was all-cause mortality and systemic embolism.ResultsA total of 2016 patients were selected from September 2008 and April 2011. All-cause mortality was significantly higher in male AF patients with DM than those without (21.8 % & 13.6 %, P = 0.014). Cox regression analysis showed that there was an interaction between gender and DM for one-year all-cause mortality (P = 0.049). DM was significantly associated with one-year all-cause mortality regardless of univariate analysis (HR = 1.436, 95%CI:1.079–1.911, P = 0.013) or multivariate analysis (HR = 1.418, 95%CI: 1.059–1.899, P = 0.019). For male patients with AF, DM was significantly associated with one-year all-cause mortality (P = 0.048), but not for female patients with AF (P = 0.362).ConclusionDM was independently associated with one-year all-cause mortality in the entire cohort of AF patients. This association was found mainly in male patients with AF, but not in female patients. DM management programs may need to reflect gender difference.     

机器学习算法在麻醉领域的应用

人工智能在医疗领域的应用逐步推动医疗变革,机器学习算法融入麻醉领域对于进一步提升麻醉发展意义重大。为了解机器学习算法在麻醉领域的应用现况及推动相关研究进展,本文总结了机器学习在围手术期麻醉管理和预测术后并发症方面的应用、基本概念和研究现状,指出了目前机器学习算法在医疗领域的不足之处。     

以搭建供应商平台来提高我院医疗设备档案信息化管理的探究

目的本文通过分析医院医疗设备档案的现状、电子化需求程度、信息化管理的实际应用情况,搭建了我院供应商平台档案查询系统,解决了医院医疗设备档案管理的纸质交接、保管和查询等普遍性困难。方法依据医疗设备档案的定义、来源、内容、数据统计、综合应用等等设定目标管理方案,进行数字化档案收集、安全保管、三种形式实时开放应用等。结果提高了档案管理证据资料的完整性、时效性、准确性等,提升了设备档案的归档率,提升了医院临床科室的利用率,保障了医疗设备的安全性。结论我院医疗设备档案信息一体化已经成为医院设备监管、临床科室使用、审计审查、设备维修等重要的基础数据支撑,是医疗设备在医院正常运转的重要保障,具有重要的参考价值。     

心力衰竭患者甲状腺功能减退与睡眠呼吸障碍的相关性分析

目的探讨心力衰竭患者中甲状腺功能减退者睡眠呼吸障碍的临床特征及两者的相关性。方法连续纳入2019年8~12月就诊于北京阜外医院行甲状腺功能检测及睡眠呼吸监测的182例心力衰竭患者。根据甲状腺功能检测结果分为甲状腺功能减退组45例和非甲状腺功能减退组137例。比较两组患者的睡眠呼吸监测的相关指标,多元logistic回归分析甲状腺功能减退与睡眠呼吸障碍的相关性。结果甲状腺功能减退组女性患者比例、体重指数较非甲状腺功能减退组高(P<0.05)。两组多导睡眠监测的结果,甲状腺功能减退组睡眠平均血氧饱和度较非甲状腺功能减退组低(P=0.027)。甲状腺功能减退组睡眠低通气发生次数较非甲状腺功能减退组显著增多(P=0.01)。但甲状腺功能减退与睡眠呼吸暂停无相关性(P=0.533)。结论在心力衰竭患者中,甲状腺功能减退的患者睡眠平均血氧饱和度更低,并且夜间低通气次数更多。     

宽胸气雾剂改善冠心病合并活动后胸闷胸痛患者运动耐量临床研究

目的探索宽胸气雾剂对冠心病合并活动后胸闷胸痛患者的临床疗效。方法14例冠心病患者予宽胸气雾剂3次/天,每次1揿,共使用10天。测量治疗前后最大公斤摄氧量(VO2 max)、运动过程最大心输出量(COmax)、运动心肺数据及动态血流动力学,并观察胸闷胸痛症状是否缓解。结果最终12例患者纳入分析,其中9例(75.0%)自觉症状改善。与治疗前比较,治疗后COmax、呼吸熵、心率、无氧阈代谢当量、最大值左心做功指数及运动中心输出量均值升高(P<0.05,P<0.01)。结论宽胸气雾剂可有效提高心输出量,促进血氧结合,改善心脏冠脉缺血情况,增强患者的心脏功能及运动储备能力。     

Fasting glucose and its association with 20-year all-cause and cause-specific mortality in Chinese general population

ObjectiveThe aim of this study was to explore the relationship between fasting glucose levels and all-cause and cause-specific mortality in Chinese population.MethodsThe role of fasting blood glucose levels as a predictor of all-cause and cause-specific mortality was estimated in 9930 participants from four Chinese general populations with a 20-year follow-up. Multivariate Cox proportional hazard models were used to identify the relationship between fasting glucose and mortality.ResultsThere were 1471 deaths after a median follow-up of 20.2 years (a total of 187,374 person-years), including 310 cardiovascular deaths, 581 cancer deaths, and 580 other-cause deaths. After adjustment for age, sex, urban or rural, northern or southern of China, types of work, education level, physical exercise, smoking status, drinking status, body mass index, systolic blood pressure, and serum total cholesterol at baseline, the hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for all-cause mortality in the fasting blood glucose categories of <60, 60–69, 70–79, 90–99, 100–109, 110–125, and ≥126 mg/dl were 1.38 (1.04–1.84), 1.20 (1.01–1.43), 1.18 (1.03–1.36), 1.18 (0.99–1.41), 1.48 (1.16–1.88), 1.17 (0.84–1.62), and 2.23 (1.72–2.90), respectively, in contrast to the reference group (80–89 mg/dl). The HRs and 95% CIs for cardiovascular disease mortality in these groups were 2.58 (1.44–4.61), 1.41 (0.95–2.10), 1.56 (1.15–2.11), 1.29 (0.88–1.89), 1.36 (0.78–2.37), 1.05 (0.52–2.11), and 2.73 (1.64–4.56), respectively.ConclusionsBoth low and high fasting glucose were significantly associated with increased risk of all-cause and cardiovascular mortality in Chinese general population.     

硬膜下积液治疗经验总结（附27例临床分析）

目的总结不同类型硬膜下积液治疗经验。 方法对解放军总医院第六医学中心神经外科自2009年1月至2014年10月手术治疗并完整随访的27例硬膜下积液患者进行回顾性分析。根据术前影像学特征鉴别积液是否为血性，将患者分为血性硬膜下积液患者（9例）和非血性硬膜下积液患者（18例）。根据积液是否为血性选择个性化治疗方案，观察其疗法。 结果9例血性硬膜下积液患者接受钻孔外引流手术，8例积液消退，另外1例无效，之后接受硬膜下腹腔分流后治愈。非血性硬膜下积液患者中14例接受硬膜下腹腔分流，12例有效，2例术后出现脑积水，经脑室-腹腔分流术治愈；2例术前合并脑积水接受脑室-腹腔分流术，均有效；另外2例最初接受积液外引流，无效，之后行硬膜下腹腔分流后积液消退。 结论对于硬膜下积液患者，术前需仔细评估积液是否为血性，是否合并脑积水。血性积液采取钻孔外引流，非血性积液采取硬膜下腹腔分流，合并脑积水的积液采取脑室-腹腔分流手术方式，给予个体化治疗，可获得满意疗效。     

提高选题策划质量 提升行业期刊品牌影响力——以金属加工杂志社实践为例

【目的】 探讨行业期刊进行选题策划的方法,提升选题策划的质量。【方法】 利用互联网技术及新媒体资源,结合金属加工杂志社选题策划实例,归纳出几种选题策划的途径及方法。【结果】 结合行业热点进行选题策划,注重实效性和内容深度,提升期刊内容的可读性,可使期刊获得更多读者的关注和认可,提升期刊的行业影响力。【结论】 提高选题策划质量,可有效提升期刊内容的可读性,从而进一步提升期刊在行业的影响力。