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The fungi Trichophyton mentagrophytes and T interdigitale account for significant amount of dermatophytosis cases worldwide. These two dermatophytes form a species complex and have a number of ribosomal internal transcribed spacer (ITS) region genotypes, allowing simultaneous species identification and strain typing. Our aim was to describe the geographic distribution of T mentagrophytes/T interdigitale ITS region genotypes and find an association between the genotypes and clinical presentations of respective infections. We performed rDNA ITS region sequencing in 397 Iranian T mentagrophytes/T interdigitale isolates and analysed all available in GenBank entries with sequences of this kind. For the study, 515 clinical annotations were available. Statistical analysis was performed by chi‐squared test and Spearman rank correlation analysis. A total of 971 sequences belonged to genotypes with at least 10 geographic annotations and were classified on the basis of exclusive occurrence in a particular region or high relative contribution to a regional sample. We discerned Asian and Oceanian (“ KU496915 ” Type V, “ KT192500 ” Type VIII, “ KU315316 ”), European (“ FM986750 ” Type III, “ MF926358 ” Type III*, “ KT285210 ” Type VI) and cosmopolitan (“ FM986691 ” Type I, “ JX122216 ” Type II, “ KP132819 ” Type II* and “ AF170453 ” Type XXIV) genotypes. There was statistically significant difference in the ITS genotype distribution between different affected body sites. Trichophyton mentagrophytes “ KT192500 ” Type VIII correlated with tinea cruris, T mentagrophytes “ KU496915 ” Type V correlated with tinea corporis, T interdigitale “ JX122216 ” Type II correlated with tinea pedis and onychomycosis. Trichophyton mentagrophytes and T interdigitale genotypes can be associated with distinct geographic locations and particular clinical presentations.  相似文献   
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Atrial fibrillation is the most common arrhythmia in adults and its prevalence is growing rapidly. It has been shown that AF is associated with increased risk of heart failure, ischemic and hemorrhagic stroke, and mortality. Hence, there is growing interest among researchers in seeking preventive and therapeutic interventions regarding AF. In recent decades, it has been suggested that statins may decrease the incidence of AF and may also decrease its recurrence after cardioversion and catheter ablation. These effects are thought to be mediated by different mechanisms such as modulating inflammation, altering the properties of transmembrane ion channels, interfering with activation of matrix metalloproteinases, and acting on endothelial function. In this article, we review and update current knowledge about the role of statins in primary and secondary prevention of AF in general and specific populations.  相似文献   
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Objectives: The purpose of the present study was to investigate the effects of the 16-week exercise training program on serum omentin-1 in relation to change in insulin resistance in obese male children.

Methods: Thirty-two obese male children, aged 9–12 years, were randomly assigned into Exercise Group (ExG; n = 16) and Control Group (CG; n = 16). ExG participated in a 16-week exercise training program which combined various forms of aerobic activities and resistance training. Body composition, body mass index (BMI), waist circumference (WC), fasting glucose and insulin, homeostasis model assessment estimate of insulin resistance (HOMA2-IR), blood lipids and serum omentin-1 were assessed before and after 16 weeks of training.

Results: Exercise training significantly decreased body mass (7.5%), BMI (7.6%), WC (4.3%), body fat % (15%), fasting insulin (18.5%), total cholesterol (TC) (5.4%), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) (17%) and triglyceride (TG) (7.4%) compared to CG. Between-groups comparison showed a considerable exercise-induced upregulation in omentin-1 (ES = 89; P < 0.05) levels. Furthermore, in ExG serum omentin-1 levels were significantly increased from 24.5 ± 8.4 to 35.9 ± 9.3 ng/ml (45%; P < 0.001) after the training program, which was accompanied with significantly decreased fasting insulin (P < 0.001). The changes in omentin-1 concentrations correlated with the changes in BMI (r = ?0.67, P < 0.001), WC (r = ?0.62, P = 0.002), body fat % (r = ?0.50, P = 0.004), insulin (r = ?0.65, P = 0.001), HOMA2-IR (r = ?0.60, P = 0.004), TC (r = ?0.53, P = 0.004) and LDL-C (r = ?0.51, P = 0.004) in ExG. BMI (β = ?0.50, P = 0.009) and fasting insulin (β = ?0.54, P = 0.006) changes were found to be independent predictors of omentin-1 increment in multiple regression analysis.

Conclusion: Exercise training resulted in a significant increase in serum omentin-1 concentrations in children with obesity. The ?ndings suggest that exercise-induced changes in omentin-1 may be associated with the bene?cial effects of exercise on reduced insulin and weight lost.  相似文献   
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Osteomas are benign slow growing tumors of bone. Tumors are usually asymptomatic until they attain remarkable size and cause asymmetry or dysfunction. In view of few reported cases of giant osteoma of mandible, this article presents a case of giant osteoma of left mandible in a 53-year old male causing dyspnea due to compression of air way space.  相似文献   
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Journal of Neurology - Hereditary neuropathy with liability to pressure palsies (HNPP) is characterized by recurrent sensory and motor neuropathy in individual nerves starting in adolescence or...  相似文献   
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