三法联合治疗青少年特发性脊柱侧弯的疗效及对肺功能的影响

目的探讨整脊手法配合三维牵引及矫形支具(三法联合)治疗青少年特发性脊柱侧弯( AIS)临床疗效及对肺功能的影响。方法选取 2018年 6月至 2020年 1月承德医学院附属医院收治的 76例 AIS病人作为研究对象,按照随机数字表法分为两组,每组 38例。对照组采用三维牵引及矫形支具进行治疗,观察组在对照组基础上配合整脊手法进行治疗;治疗 3个月,察治疗前后病人 Cobb角及肺功能相关指标用力肺活量( FVC)、第 1秒用力呼气容积( FEV1)、每分钟最大通气量( MVV)的变观化。结果两组病人治疗后的 Cobb角均低于治疗前,其中观察组治疗后 Cobb角为( 7.93±2.15)°,对照组治疗后 Cobb角为(12.05±3.45)°,观察组治疗后 Cobb角显著低于对照组,差异有统计学意义( P<0.05);观察组病人整体疗效优于对照组,且观察组总有效率［ 84.21%(32/38)］高于对照组总有效率［ 60.53%(23/38)］,差异有统计学意义( P<0.05)。对照组治疗后 FVC、FEV1、 MVV均较治疗前下降,差异有统计学意义( P<0.05);观察组治疗后各指标均高于治疗前,差异有统计学意义( P<0.05)。结论三法联合治疗 AIS,临床疗效显著,且能够有效改善病人肺功能。     

Impact of Spinal Manipulation on Lower Extremity Motor Control in Lumbar Spinal Stenosis Patients: A Small-Scale Assessor-Blind Randomized Clinical Trial

ObjectiveThe purpose of this study was to quantify the impact of a single lumbar spinal manipulation (SM) intervention on the leg movement performance of degenerative lumbar spinal stenosis (LSS) patients in a small-scale registered randomized clinical trial.MethodsParticipants with LSS (n = 14) were tested at baseline for pain, lumbar range of motion, and behavioral or kinematic motor performance (using an established Fitts’ Law foot-pointing task), then underwent covariate adaptive randomization to receive SM or no intervention. Postintervention all dependent measures were repeated. Experimenters were blinded to patient group allocation. University ethics board approval was attained.ResultsFor the primary outcome movement time, there was no significant difference between groups. As predicted by Fitts’ Law, all participants had longer movement times as task difficulty increased. Secondary kinematic outcomes yielded no significant between-group differences. Consistent with Fitts’ Law, kinematic measures changed significantly with task difficulty. Pairwise comparisons revealed the kinematic variables were more adversely affected by greater movement amplitudes than target size changes. No exploratory differences in pain or lumbar range of motion were observed.ConclusionChanges in motor performance were not observed in this chronic pain population after a single SM intervention compared with a control group. Given the sample size, the study may have been underpowered to detect meaningful differences. Fitts’ Law was observed for the lower extremity–pointing task for an LSS population and may provide an objective measure of motor performance.     

小针刀加手法整脊及颈前筋膜扩张术治疗80例神经根型颈椎病

目的探讨小针加手法整脊及颈前筋膜扩张术治疗神经根型劲椎病的临床效果。方法选取2012年1月—2013年12月在我院进行治疗的80例神经根型颈椎病,随机分为对照组和治疗组,对照组采用小针刀加手法整脊进行治疗,治疗组在对照组的基础上采用颈前筋膜扩张术进行治疗,治疗后,比较两组患者的临床效果。结果治疗组的总有效率为92.50%,明显高于对照组的82.50%,两者相比具有显著性差异（P〈0.05）。结论小针刀加手法整脊及颈前筋膜扩张术治疗神经根型劲椎病,疗效确切,优于单纯使用颈前筋膜扩张术,值得在临床上推广使用。     

Coping and Management Techniques Used by Chronic Low Back Pain Patients Receiving Treatment From Chiropractors

ObjectivesThe purpose of this study was to describe coping strategies (eg, mechanisms, including self-treatment) that a person uses to reduce pain and its impact on functioning as reported by patients with chronic low back pain who were seen by doctors of chiropractic and how these coping strategies vary by patient characteristics.MethodsData were collected from a national sample of US chiropractic patients recruited from chiropractic practices in 6 states from major geographical regions of the United States using a multistage stratified sampling strategy. Reports of coping behaviors used to manage pain during the past 6 months were used to create counts across 6 domains: cognitive, self-care, environmental, medical care, social activities, and work. Exploratory analyses examined counts in domains and frequencies of individual items by levels of patient characteristics.ResultsA total of 1677 respondents with chronic low back pain reported using an average of 9 coping behaviors in the prior 6 months. Use of more types of behaviors were reported among those with more severe back pain, who rated their health as fair or poor and who had daily occurrences of pain. Exercise was more frequent among the healthy and those with less pain. Female respondents tended to report using more coping behaviors than men, and Hispanics more than non-Hispanics.ConclusionPersons with chronic back pain were proactive in their coping strategies and frequently used self-care coping strategies like those provided by chiropractors in patient education. In alignment with patients’ beliefs that their condition was chronic and lifelong, many patients attempted a wide range of coping strategies to relieve their pain.