Subregistro de los suicidios en el Boletín Estadístico de Defunción Judicial en Málaga

The objective of this study is to confirm from Deaths with Judicial Intervention (DIJ), whether cause of death was suicide, through family information and to establish the percentage of those identified as such in the Statistical Death Bulletin of Judicial Court (BEDJ). For this purpose, the DIJ were selected from the database of the Cementary Park of Málaga in 2017. Information was collected from the family of the deceased, through the Cementary's Psychological Cabinet to confirm or rule out suicide and the BEDJ was subsequently consulted to confirm whether these cases were identified as such. Relatives confirmed 65 suicides, of which only 27% are identified as such in the relevant section of the BEDJ, a document that serves as a source of information for official suicide statistics. From this study we concluded that the family can offer complementary information that would help improve suicide statistics.     

56例临床输血不良反应原因分析

目的:分析临床输血过程中发生输血不良反应的原因,探讨有效的预防措施。方法:回顾2012—2014年输注由我站提供的血液制品后发生输血不良反应患者56例,分析输血不良反应发生的原因。结果:21615人次输血中,发生不良反应56例,发生率为0.3%,其中非溶血性发热反应为32例,占57.1%,过敏反应为24例,占42.9%,未发现其他输血不良反应。结论:临床上应加强对输血全过程的监管,遵循合理科学用血原则,采用新的输血技术,大力提倡自身输血,确保临床输血的安全性。     

婴幼儿烧伤后惊厥的原因及防治

目的 回顾性分析74例烧伤后惊厥患儿的临床资料,总结婴幼儿烧伤后惊厥的常见原因及处理方法.方法 给予婴幼儿惊厥常规治疗,在烧伤创面使用湿润烧伤膏换药治疗.结果 74例患儿中,73例患儿烧伤创面治愈后出院,1例患儿死亡.结论 婴幼儿烧伤后及时有效地行抗休克复苏、维持水电解质稳定、正确的换药方法、积极清除坏死组织,可以减少烧伤后婴幼儿惊厥的发生,提高婴幼儿烧伤治愈率.     

三亚市住院患者死亡病因分析

目的：了解三亚市的疾病发展动态,为防病治病提供可参考依据。方法对三亚市15年住院死亡2180份病案进行疾病构成分析,以国际疾病分类ICD-10为依据,所有数据采用软件Excel进行统计分析。结果前五位死因：(1)损伤与中毒;(2)循环系统疾病;(3)呼吸系统疾病;(4)肿瘤;(5)消化系统疾病。恶性肿瘤死亡为190例,约占8.7%;前五位为肺恶性肿瘤、肝恶性肿瘤、白血病、胃恶性肿瘤、胰恶性肿瘤。结论应重点加强死因顺位前5位疾病的防治,以降低住院病死率,提高广大人民的健康水平。     

Pattern of in-hospital pediatric mortality over a 3-year period at University teaching hospitals in Iran

Introduction:

Causes of death are different and very important for policy makers in different regions. This study was designed to analyze the data for our in-patient children mortality.

Materials and Methods:

In this cross-sectional study from March 2011 to March 2013, all patients from 2 months to 18 years who died in pediatric intensive care unit, emergency room or medical pediatric wards in the teaching hospitals were studied.

Results:

From a total of 18,915 admissions during a 2-year-period, 256 deaths occurred with a mean age of 4.3 ± 5 years and mortality 1.35%. An underlying disease was present in 70.7% of the patients and in 88.5% of them the leading causes of death were related to the underlying diseases. The most common underlying diseases were congenital heart disease and cardiomyopathy in 50 (27.6%). The four main causes of deaths were sepsis (14.8%), pneumonia (14.5%), congestive heart failure (9.8%), and hepatic encephalopathy (9.8%).

Conclusion:

We may conclude that after sepsis and pneumonia, congestive heart failure, and hepatic encephalopathy are the leading causes of death. Most patients who died had underlying diseases including malignancies, heart and liver diseases as the most common causes.     

Analysis of cases of forensic veterinary opinions produced in a research and teaching unit

The aim of the study was to present the results of necropsies carried out in the years 2000–2014 in the Department of Pathological Anatomy, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Life Sciences in Lublin.The material used for the analysis consisted of expert opinions prepared on the basis of a decision by a judicial body to admit an expert opinion as evidence.An increase was observed in the demand for the services of veterinary forensic experts, beginning in 2006 and persisting through 2014. The response to the growing popularity of veterinary forensic examinations should be systematization of knowledge and exchange of experience, which would enable the further development of this interdisciplinary science.     

急诊护患纠纷发生的主要原因及防范措施

探讨如何防范护患纠纷,并减少纠纷的发生。通过对急诊科常见护患纠纷产生的原因进行分析,并制定相应的防范措施,预防和减少了护患纠纷的发生。增强责任意识和服务意识,改善服务态度,提升服务质量,加强业务素质培训及法律知识培训,对减少护患纠纷的发生具有重要的临床意义。     

某三级甲等医院护理不良事件发生情况分析

目的：通过对护理不良事件的发生时间、类型及原因进行分析,提出改进措施,以预防和减少不良事件的发生。方法对某三级甲等医院2013年上报的210例护理不良事件进行回顾性分析,统计护理不良事件的类型、原因、不良事件高发的时间段等资料。结果不良事件高发的主要时间段集中在7：00—8：59和10：00—10：59,占28.57%;交接班前后、上午班、下午班及晚班是不良事件发生的高峰期。结论护理管理者可调整当前护理排班模式,减少护理人员交接班次数,提高护理人员业务水平熟练程度,以期减少护理不良事件的发生。     

Evaluation of the National Prevention Program in Iran, 2007–2009: the Accomplishments and Challenges with Reflections on the Path Ahead

β-Thalassemia major (β-TM) is an inherited disease and efforts have been made in several countries to reduce the number of affected births. In the present study, we aimed to evaluate the Iranian thalassemia prevention program, considered to be an important program in the region. The time period of the present study ranges from 2007–2009, during which new thalassemic births and the relevant causes were evaluated throughout the country. A cross-sectional analytical study was conducted at the Iranian Blood Transfusion Organization (IBTO), Tehran, Iran. A questionnaire was forwarded to all blood centers of the IBTO so as to obtain information about the new cases of thalassemia and the causes of these thalassemic births. Provincial thalassemia societies also received the questionnaires so that screening and prenatal diagnosis (PND) errors would be recorded. The results showed that 755 new thalassemia cases were born during 2007–2009 with the average fall in affected thalassemia births of 80.82%. The main cause of the new births was attributed to unregistered “timeless religious marriages” based on the conventions of the Sunni community which accounted for 43.17% of all new cases mainly having occurred in Sistan & Baluchestan Province. Not using PND was evaluated to be another main cause. Although the prevention program has led to a great reduction in thalassemic births, new measures are required, including research on how to make the program compatible with social and economic conventions and norms of Sistan & Baluchestan Province. The province of Kohgiluyeh Boyer Ahmad also needs to be revisited in terms of the program efficacy.