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1.
《Revue neurologique》2022,178(7):644-648
BackgroundOccipital lobe seizure are underrepresented in epilepsy surgery cases series. This may reflect the fear for post-surgical functional deficits but also the doubt about the ability of anatomo-electro-clinical correlations to localize precisely the epileptogenic zone in occipital lobe seizure.MethodsIn this expert opinion paper, we review first the general clinical characteristics of occipital lobe seizures, describe the repertoire of visual phenomena and oculo-motor signes in occipital seizures, describe inter-ictal and ictal EEG and finally the possible schemes of epileptogenic zone organization.ResultsVisual and oculo-motor semiology points towards occipital onset seizures but is neither pathognomonic nor constant. Eyes version and unilateral ictal discharge have a strong lateralizing value but inter-ictal spikes as well as eyes version can be falsely lateralizing.ConclusionAlthough visual and oculo-motor phenomena are characteristic of occipital lobe seizures, they may be discrete, overlooked and should therefore be carefully assessed. There are no clear electro-clinical correlations of a sublobar organization of occipital seizures but the clinical pattern of propagation might help to differentiate complex occipito-temporal from occipito-parietal initial epileptogenic network.  相似文献   
2.
ObjectivesTo study the prevalence of benign EEG variants (BEVs) in the sleep–wake cycle among 1163 consecutive patients.MethodsProspective, observational EEG study using the 10–20 system with systematically two additional anterior-temporal electrodes. Depending on clinical indications, other electrodes were added. REM sleep identification was based on its characteristic EEG grapho-elements and rapid eye movements, clearly detectable with the additional anterior-temporal and fronto-polar electrodes due to eye proximity. The video-EEG monitoring duration was between 24 hours and eight days.ResultsWe identified 710 patients (61%) with BEVs. Positive occipital sharp transients of sleep (POSTs) were observed in 36.4% of participants, mu rhythm in 22.4%, lambda waves in 16.7%, wicket spikes (WS) in 15%, 14- and 6-Hz positive bursts in 8.3%, benign sporadic sleep spikes (BSSS) in 3.3%, rhythmic mid-temporal theta burst of drowsiness (RMTD) in 2.15%, midline theta rhythm in 2.1% and six-Hz spike and wave (SW) bursts in 0.1%. WS and RMTD were present during wakefulness, NREM (14.1%, 1.3%, respectively) and REM sleep (3.3%, 1.1%, respectively). Mu rhythm was also observed during NREM (1.5%) and REM sleep (7.7%). Fourteen- and 6-Hz positive bursts were present during NREM (4.5%) and REM sleep (6.5%). BSSS and six-Hz SW bursts were only observed during NREM sleep.ConclusionsThe prevalence of BEVs is much higher than current estimates. POSTs and WS can no longer be considered as unusual patterns but physiological patterns of NREM sleep. RMTD and mu rhythm may be observed during NREM and REM sleep.  相似文献   
3.
目的:分析13例视频脑电监测到癫癎发作而发作间期正常的患儿发作期脑电图特征。方法:收集2010至2011年两年中视频脑电监测到癫癎发作而发作间期正常的患儿13例,分析脑电图特征。结果:①13例病例占同期监测总数5.7‰。②清醒期4例、睡眠期7例、清醒及睡眠期均发作2例。睡眠期占63.2%。③部分运动性发作4例、部分运动性发作继发全面发作9例,无全面性发作。④起源部位(部分存在于两电极之间)前三位分别是颞区、中央区、顶区,占72.2%。⑤发作初期多表现为低波幅棘波、尖波或快波节律,占76.9%。结论:①睡眠诱发在癫癎诊断中意义很大。②表现为部分性发作的患儿,癫癎漏诊的风险相对较大。③起源于颞区、中央区或顶区的癫癎漏诊风险相对较大。  相似文献   
4.
目的 探讨短程视频脑电图对门诊非痫性发作性患者的诊断价值.方法 回顾性分析我院门诊129例非痫性发作患者的临床和视频脑电图资料.结果 129例患者中,临床诊断为晕厥24例、头痛19例、发作性意识丧失15例、神经症15例、头晕13例、短暂性脑缺血发作6例、其它37例.脑电图阵发性异常16例,痫样放电3例,检测中出现临床发作9例.结论 短程视频脑电图对门诊非痫性发作性疾病的诊断具有重要的参考价值.  相似文献   
5.
目的 观察耐药性颞叶内侧癫痫患者发作前期海马电极脑电活动特点,为判断和切除癫痫病灶提供神经电生理学依据.方法 对16例非侵入性手段难以明确病灶的耐药性颞叶内侧癫痫患者进行双侧海马电极监测,患者停用抗癫痫药在非麻醉状态下监测48~72 h,分析癫痫发作前期海马电极脑电图资料,探讨耐药性颞叶内侧癫痫发作前期海马电极脑电活动特点.结果 16例发作间期记录到背景活动基础上出现局限于某几个电极点的阵发性高幅慢波1例、发作性快波节律1例、棘波或棘尖慢复合波14例,视为异常脑电活动;经过48~ 72 h监测,10例监测到33次临床癫痫发作,发作起始期海马电极均可记录到清晰可辨的癫痫样脑电波形.结论 颞叶内侧癫痫临床发作起始期海马电极癫痫样放电清晰可辨,部位局限,易于确定癫痫性活动起源部位.对于非侵入性手段难以判断癫痫样放电起源的颞叶内侧癫痫可采用脑立体定向技术植入海马深部电极进行脑电监测.  相似文献   
6.
目的:探讨癫痫发作间期和发作期脑电图(EEG)变化特点与发作症状在致痫灶定位中的作用。方法:对80例癫痫患者进行视频脑电图(VEEG)监测,分析其发作间期、发作期EEG特点及临床发作表现作致痫灶定位。结果:80例癫痫患者中,发作间期38例和发作期60例EEG及59例临床发作症状可提供明确的致痫灶定位信息。结论:在致痫灶定位中,发作期与发作间期EEG相比,可提供较高比例的定位信息;综合分析发作问期、发作期EEG和临床发作症状,可以获得大部分癫痫患者致痫灶的定位信息,为放置颅内电极作准确致痫灶定位的重要参考。  相似文献   
7.
视频脑电图在癫痫及其他发作性疾病中的诊断价值   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
赵江明  刘向  马仁飞 《安徽医学》2010,31(10):1154-1156
目的探讨视频脑电图(VEEG)在癫痫及其他非癫痫发作性疾病中的诊断、鉴别诊断中的应用价值。方法采用意大利EBNeuro智能化脑电图仪,对150例临床确诊为癫痫和疑为癫痫或其他发作性疾病患者进行1-4hVEEG监测,并对其脑电波形及临床发作情况进行分析。并同时对比进行常规脑电图(EEG)检测。结果 150例中,VEEG异常者124例(82.7%),痫样放电101例(67.3%);150例中109例行常规EEG检测,异常者30例(27.5%),痫样放电10例(9.2%)。异常率和痫样放电检出率VEEG监测均明显高于常规EEG检查(P〈0.005)。150例VEEG监测后明确诊断癫痫117例,其他发作性疾病33例。49例癫痫(41.9%)确定了癫痫综合征的诊断;43例(36.8%)明确其发作类型。结论 VEEG对癫痫的诊断具有重要意义,不仅提高了癫痫的临床诊断及分型,而且对非癫痫发作性疾病的鉴别有重要价值。  相似文献   
8.
Ictal paresis (IP) is a rare negative motor phenomenon presenting challenging differential diagnostic problems with transient ischemic attacks, post-ictal paralysis, migraine and psychogenic paralysis. Video-EEG undoubtedly represents the essential mean for a proper diagnosis. Periodic lateralised epileptiform discharges (PLEDs) are a distinctive EEG pattern, consisting of periodic spike or sharp wave discharges, often associated with seizures. It is under debate if PLEDs should be considered only a peri-ictal or also an ictal EEG pattern. We describe two children with severe focal epilepsies, who presented IP recorded during video-EEG monitoring, associated to PLEDs. Clinical observation along with interictal and ictal scalp-EEG findings, suggested a fronto-temporal seizure onset in the first, and a temporo-insular onset in the second. We confirm that PLEDs may be an ictal pattern associated with negative motor phenomena.  相似文献   
9.
A retrospective multicentre study was performed to analyse psychogenic non-epileptic seizures (PNES) in prepubertal and pubertal patients with idiopathic epilepsy and to determine whether have different clinical characteristics. In this study, we reviewed 36 patients from six neurological referral centres: Department of Pediatrics, Chieti (3 patients); Department of Child Neuropsychiatry, Naples (9 patients); Department of Child Neuropsychiatry, Bologna (8 patients); Department of Neuroscience, Tor Vergata University, Rome (3 patients); Department of Pediatrics, La Sapienza University, Rome (5 patients); and Department of Pediatrics, Siena (8 patients). The population was divided according to Tanner’stages into 14 prepubertal (group I) and 22 pubertal (group II) patients. The two groups were compared on several variables examining the differences between them. The most frequent clinical manifestations in group I were unresponsive events, whereas in group II, motor events were exhibited more significantly. Mood disorders, including major depression, appeared more frequently in pubertal group, but this did not reach a significant difference. Among the psychosocial stressors, fear of rejection and need for attention were the predominant types in the prepubertal patients. The findings of this study reveal some similarities and differences between prepubertal and pubertal patients, which might help to identify predictive factors in patients affected by idiopathic epilepsy who can develop PNES.  相似文献   
10.
PURPOSE: To determine the demographic and clinical characteristics of patients who have documented epileptic seizures on long-term video-EEG monitoring who do not have interictal spikes. METHODS: The records of 1,223 monitoring studies from 919 patients who underwent noninvasive long-term video-EEG monitoring were reviewed. In 28 patients (3.0% of monitored patients, 4.4% of patients with electrographic evidence of epilepsy), no interictal spikes were found despite the occurrence of at least one recorded electrographic seizure. The demographic, medical, neuropsychological, and EEG data of these patients were compared with those of 28 matched control patients with documented interictal spikes. RESULTS: Extratemporal seizures were significantly more frequent in the patients with at least one recorded epileptic seizure but without interictal spikes compared with patients with epileptic seizures and interictal spikes (p = 0.031). The only other significant difference between the groups (p = 0.016) was a later age at seizure onset (18.3 vs. 10.7 years) for the patients without interictal spikes. Age at evaluation, gender, handedness, clinical seizure type, family history of epilepsy, history of febrile seizures, neuropsychological testing, and neurologic and psychiatric history did not differ between the two groups. CONCLUSIONS: In patients with documented epilepsy without interictal spikes on EEG monitoring, the possibility of an extratemporal focus should be considered.  相似文献   
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