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1.
目的 本研究调查新冠疫苗全面接种时期相关医务人员的职业倦怠状况,探讨个体因素以及社会支持对倦怠水平的影响。方法 在南京市12个行政区中随机抽取4个辖区的新冠疫苗集中接种点,将全部医务人员共428名作为研究对象进行问卷调查,问卷包括人口学特征、中文版职业倦怠量表和社会支持量表。结果 医务人员情感耗竭、人格解体、个人成就感降低维度得分分别为(17.99±7.89)、(7.20±3.52)和(12.07±5.30)分。多元线性回归分析结果显示,上司支持(β=-0.180, P< 0.05)、同事支持(β=-0.180, P< 0.05)为情感耗竭的保护因素,已婚、问诊岗位为情感耗竭的危险因素(β=0.161、β=0.095,P值均< 0.05),女性是人格解体的保护因素(β=-0.096,P< 0.05),亲友支持(β=-0.235, P< 0.05)是人格解体的保护因素,已婚是人格解体的危险因素(β=0.142,P< 0.05),同事支持(β=-0.168, P< 0.05)、亲友支持(β=-0.210, P< 0.05)、工龄(β=-0.154, P< 0.05)为个人成就感降低的保护因素,硕士学历是个人成就感降低的危险因素(β=0.126,P < 0.05)。结论 重视提高全方面社会支持,重点关注已婚、男性、硕士学历以及较短工龄医务人员的心理健康。  相似文献   
2.
目的:调查门诊PICC患者健康信息搜寻行为与健康行为能力现状,分析两者相互关系,为门诊PICC患者管理提供支持。方法:采用便利抽样法,选择2020年2月至12月天津某三级甲等医院门诊138例PICC患者为研究对象,采用一般资料调查表、健康信息搜寻行为量表(HISB)和健康行为能力量表(SRAHP)进行横断面调查,采用Pearson相关分析法探讨健康信息搜寻行为与健康行为能力的关系。结果:门诊PICC患者健康信息搜寻行为总分为(158.46±15.70)分,各维度得分由高到低依次为信息需求、信息搜寻态度、获取信息障碍、信息来源。健康行为能力总分为(99.24±9.77)分,整体处于较高水平,其中良好87例(63.1%),一般46例(33.3%),较差5例(3.6%);各维度得分为营养(24.91±3.46)分,运动(25.17±3.35)分,心理安适(24.15±3.14)分,健康责任(25.01±2.72)分。Pearson相关分析显示,健康信息搜寻行为总分及信息搜寻态度、信息需求、信息来源与健康行为能力总分及各维度得分均呈正相关(r=0.263~0.462,P<0.05);获取信息障碍与健康行为能力总分及各维度得分呈负相关(r=-0.168~-0.251,P<0.05)。结论:门诊PICC患者健康信息搜寻行为态度处于中等水平,信息需求水平较高,但搜寻途径较为受限,存在一定程度信息获取障碍;患者信息搜寻态度越积极,健康行为能力越高。建议医护人员基于患者健康信息需求导向,依据其信息搜寻行为特点,对患者掌握资讯的不足提供个性化指导和多种形式健康教育,提高患者健康行为能力,改善健康结局。  相似文献   
3.
Introduction: TikTok has gained increasing popularity over the past year. The social media may affect awareness and perceptions of betel quid (BQ) and smokeless tobacco (SLT) by utilizing content generated by TikTok users. The purpose of this study is to examine how BQ and SLT are portrayed on TikTok. Methods: The 28 most viewed hashtag-based keywords were used to identify popular BQ and SLT-related videos on TikTok (n=513) from June 2018 to September 2021. Two researchers independently coded the number of likes, shares, views, user category and themes. Results: A final sample of 513 videos containing BQ and SLT that met the study criteria were included. Collectively, these videos were viewed over 725 million times, with a median ‘view’ count of 17,300 (range 152–155,000,000) and a median ‘likes’ count of 831 (range 4–2,400,000) and a median ‘share’ count of 21 (range 0–48,400). Majority of the videos showed BQ and SLT use positively i.e promoting the product (390/513; 76%) and these had more than 686 million times views. Neutral depictions of BQ and SLT use were viewed 15 million times (72/513; 14%) and negative portrayals of BQ and SLT have been viewed 193 million times (105/808; 13%). The video themes included ‘life style’ (349/513; 68.0%), ‘marketing’ (62/513; 12.09%), ‘comedy’ (44/513; 8.6%), ‘warning’ (25/513; 4.87%), ‘awareness’ (12/513; 2.3%), ‘sports and other’ (12/513; 2.3%) and social events or culture (9/513; 1.75%). Conclusion: Our results demonstrated that video clips related to BQ and SLT on TikTok, a fast-growing, popular video-sharing platform among teens, which is available with no age restrictions has been viewed multiple times. Majority (76%) promoted these two products, that could be detrimental to oral health. Therefore, the age restrictions especially for the videos containing BQ and SLT is mandatory in order to reduce the potential exposure of adolescents/young adults.  相似文献   
4.
目的 研究不同浓度细菌脂多糖(Lipopolysaccharides,LPS)对选择性激光熔化技术(Selective laser melting,SLM)制作的钴铬钼合金腐蚀行为的影响。方法 分别以SLM法及铸造法各制作12个钴铬钼合金试件,根据在腐蚀电解液中LPS浓度(0、0.15、15、150 μg/mL)不同分为4组,每组3个试件。采用电化学阻抗谱、动电位极化测试法分析2组合金试件在不同浓度脂多糖(LPS)中的腐蚀行为。结果 在单纯人工唾液中,SLM合金和铸造合金的腐蚀参数无统计学上的差异(P> 0.05)。当LPS浓度为150 μg/mL时,SLM合金和铸造合金的电阻(Rp)均显著下降且自腐蚀电流密度(Icorr)显著增大,但SLM合金的Rp值大于铸造合金且Icorr值较小(P< 0.05)。结论 LPS对SLM法和铸造法制作的钴铬钼合金的腐蚀行为均有不利影响,但对SLM法制作的合金的腐蚀影响小于铸造法制得的合金。  相似文献   
5.
6.
《Journal of endodontics》2022,48(7):902-908
IntroductionThis study investigated the significance of pericervical dentin after coronal canal flaring on the biomechanical behavior and life span of a maxillary molar using finite element analysis (FEA).MethodsIn addition to the intact tooth (IT) model, 4 experimental FE models were designed: conservative access cavity model (CON), and 3 models with different radicular preparations for the coronal 4 mL considering 3 instruments: ProTaper SX model (SX), OneFlare model (OF), and Gates-Glidden model (GG). Cyclic loading of 50 N was applied on the occlusal surface and number of cycles until failure (NCF) was compared with the IT model. Mathematical analysis was done to evaluate the stress distribution patterns and calculated maximum von Mises (VM) and maximum principal stresses.ResultsAccess cavity preparation (CON) decreased NCF significantly when compared with the IT model (93.99%). The coronal preparation of the root canal did not have a significant effect even when the preparation was taken to the extreme (GG: 92.02%). VM analysis confirmed apical dispersion of stresses, with maximum value registered on the occlusal surface in the GG model (7.88 MPa), and minimum on the IT model (7.01 MPa). The furcation area showed higher maximum principal stresses, yet stress values remained minimal and distributed over larger surfaces with the progressive enlargement among models.ConclusionsWithin the limitations of this study, coronal canal flaring affects tooth integrity minimally, and when loading conditions lie within normal functional ranges, tooth structure has the capacity to disperse increasing stresses over a wider surface area.  相似文献   
7.
目的 了解壮族青少年家庭亲密度和心理韧性与非自杀性自伤行为之间的关联关系。方法 2019年采用年级分层班级整群抽样的方法,在南宁市抽取2 242名壮族初中学生进行家庭亲密度、心理韧性和非自杀性自伤行为的问卷调查。结果 壮族初中生NSSI得分为(4.52±5.31)分,NSSI检出率为40.50%。在是否留守经历、不同教养方式、不同学习压力间NSSI检出率相比较,差异均有统计学意义(χ2 = 13.203、34.362、13.245,P<0.001)。有NSSI者家庭亲密度、心理韧性得分低于无NSSI者,差异有统计学意义(t = - 14.619、 - 18.118,P<0.001)。中介效应检验结果显示,家庭亲密度对心理韧性有正向影响(β = 0.48, P<0.01),家庭亲密度对NSSI有正向影响(β = 0.650, P<0.01),心理韧性对NSSI的有正向影响(β = 0.320, P<0.01)。心理韧性在家庭亲密度和NSSI的标准化间接效应为0.15,中介效应占总效应的18.75%。结论 心理韧性在壮族中学生家庭亲密度和NSSI之间起到中介作用,可通过提高壮族中学生心理韧性、家庭亲密度的方式或途径降低NSSI的发生风险。  相似文献   
8.
BackgroundDental caries is the most common chronic childhood disease. Past studies revealed that grandparents provide their grandchildren with cariogenic foods and beverages (eg, those with free sugars and/or modified starches). Qualitative research can help identify what drives this phenomenon.ObjectiveOur aim was to examine mothers’ explanations for why grandparents in north central and central Appalachia give their grandchildren cariogenic foods and beverages.DesignA qualitative study on children’s oral health in Pennsylvania and West Virginia from 2018 through 2020 was performed. In-person, semi-structured interviews were conducted. Qualitative data from interviews were recorded, transcribed, and then coded using NVivo. Data analysis for this study was performed using thematic analysis with iterative theme development.Participants/settingThe participants were 126 mothers of children aged 3-5 years from West Virginia (n = 66) and Pittsburgh, PA (n = 60).Main outcome measuresMothers’ perspectives about why grandparents give their grandchildren cariogenic foods and beverages were analyzed.ResultsIn the study sample, 85% of mothers (n = 107/126) named at least 1 of their children’s grandparents as a member of their social network responsible for their children’s oral health. From these interviews, 85% of mothers (n = 91/107) discussed that grandparents gave their grandchildren cariogenic foods and beverages. The mothers described the following 4 themes to explain why grandparents gave their grandchildren cariogenic foods and beverages: privilege of the grandparent role; responsibilities of the grandparent role; symbol of care and affection; and limited consideration or understanding of the detrimental impact.ConclusionsGrandparents play a role in giving their grandchildren cariogenic foods and beverages, which could potentially contribute to childhood caries. Research is needed to develop effective social interventions to help some grandparents understand the implications of a cariogenic diet on their grandchildren’s oral health and/or decrease their provision of cariogenic foods and beverages.  相似文献   
9.
提出一种面向医院患者的视觉监控跌倒检测算法,解决患者由于意外跌倒不能被及时发现的问题,为医护人员快速处理患者跌倒等异常行为提供必要的技术保障。方法:首先,基于深度神经网络模型检测监控图像中人体关节点(如肩部、肘部、腕部、胯部、膝关节等)在图像中的位置,再根据亲和度向量场模型提取人体骨架,最后计算患者躯干、腿部与地面的夹角作为判别性特征,判断监控区域内是否有患者出现意外跌倒。结果:实验结果表明,本文所提算法在实际的医院监护环境中的处理速度高达25帧/s,检测准确率高达96%。结论:该方法能够实时、准确地提取医院环境下患者的行为特征,并针对意外跌倒情况发出警报,为医护人员监测患者跌倒等异常行为提供更准确、方便的计算机辅助医疗护理方法。  相似文献   
10.
ObjectivesHealthy individuals from hereditary cancer families undergoing genetic testing for cancer susceptibility (GTC) report more distress when they perceive their social support as low and suppress their emotions. This study aimed to explore how suppressing emotions and perceiving others as unsupportive are related with cancer-risk distress.MethodsWe performed a regression-based mediation analysis to assess if expressive suppression mediates or is mediated by perceived social support in the relation with cancer-risk distress. Participants were 125 healthy adults aged over 18 (M = 36.07, SD = 12.86), mostly female (72,4%), who undergone GTC to assess the presence of hereditary breast and ovarian cancer or Lynch syndromes.ResultsControlling for age and gender, we found a moderate size indirect effect of social support on cancer-risk distress through expressive suppression (β = ?0.095) and a direct effect of expressive suppression on cancer-risk distress.ConclusionsWhen healthy individuals from hereditary cancer families perceive their social network as less responsive, they tend to not express their emotions, which relates to increased distress facing GTC.Practice implicationsPractitioners may assess cancer-risk related distress before the GTC and offer distressed individuals interventions focused on changing emotion regulation strategies in a safe group context.  相似文献   
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