门诊静脉血栓栓塞症患者抗凝手册的建立及有效性分析

目的评估门诊静脉血栓栓塞症(venous thromboembolism,VTE)患者抗凝手册的建立及其临床可行性、安全性和有效性。方法前瞻性分析上海交通大学医学院附属第九人民医院2018年10月至2019年3月采用门诊VTE抗凝手册的门诊VTE患者随访资料,主要研究终点为规范性抗凝的依从性,次要研究终点包括出血并发症发生率和症状性血栓复发率和失访率。结果门诊VTE患者规范性抗凝依从性为89.4%,其中口服利伐沙班和皮下注射低分子量肝素患者的依从性分别为92.9%和100%,口服华法林患者的依从性为77.8%。出血并发症发生率为5.3%,均为轻微出血。症状性血栓复发率为2.1%,均发生于口服华法林患者。患者总失访率为4.3%。结论建立门诊VTE患者抗凝手册可以有效提高患者治疗依从性,降低失访率,且具有较低的并发症发生率和血栓复发率。     

医院门诊患者合理用药认知度及影响因素分析

目的：了解医院门诊患者合理用药认知现状,分析合理用药认知影响因素,为制定居民合理用药健康教育策略提供依据。方法采用分层随机抽样方法对安徽省3家三级医院、9家二级医院门诊患者进行合理用药认知度问卷调查,运用 SPSS 16.0进行描述性统计分析和多元线性回归分析。结果合理用药认知平均得分为（15.5±3.2）分,百分制为（70.5±14.3）分,其中认为中成药无副作用的占40.8%,认为注射剂更安全有效的占41.8%;70.3%未听说过基本药物,94.0%的患者会遵循医嘱服药;年龄、文化程度、职业、个人月收入、家人或朋友从医、学习意愿、与医生沟通是影响合理用药认知的因素。结论门诊患者合理用药认知度总体较高,用药依从性较好,但仍存在认知误区和不足问题,需要进一步加强合理用药健康教育。     

Is there an association between the level of grandiose narcissism severity of psychopathology?

Background: Narcissism is a personality trait associated with both psychological health and resilience as well as with aggression and interpersonal problems. Aim: This study compares levels of total narcissism and subscale scores in inpatients, outpatients and a community sample. Methods: Inpatients (N = 186) were recruited from consecutively admitted patients to two closed units, and the outpatient group (N = 144) consisted of patients attending a psychiatric outpatient clinic. The patients and a normative community sample (N = 437) all filled in the Narcissistic Personality Inventory questionnaire (NPI-29). Results: The NPI total and subscales scores showed considerable gender differences. Among men only the Uniqueness/Entitlement subscale showed significant group differences, with inpatients showing higher mean score than the two other groups. Among women three factors, Leadership/Power, Superiority/Arrogance, and Uniqueness/ Entitlement, showed significant differences between the different levels of psychopathology. The outpatient female group regularly had the lowest group mean scores. The NPI-29 scores of the normative group showed weak internal consistencies. Conclusion: Our hypothesis of a significant association between mean levels of total narcissism and subscale scores and severity of psychopathology was not supported.     

Safety of elective percutaneous peripheral revascularization in outpatients: A 10-year single-center experience

PurposeTo evaluate the safety and feasibility of peripheral percutaneous endovascular procedures in a large group of outpatients with peripheral arterial disease (PAD).Materials and methodsWe retrospectively evaluated all consecutive patients who underwent peripheral transluminal angioplasty (PTA) for PAD of the lower extremities as “Out-Patient Admission Protocol” (OPAP) from January 2005 until December 2015. A total of 498 consecutive patients (305 men and 193 women) with mean age of 66 ± 10 (SD) years (range: 37–90 years) were evaluated. By protocol, patients were expected to be discharged 6 hours after the procedure. Clinical profile, procedure details and technical success were reviewed. Complications, conversion rate, readmission rate and long-term follow-up were evaluated.ResultsNinety one percent of patients (454/498) suffered from claudication. Unilateral femoral access was performed in 75.4% (493/654) of procedures with a 6-French sheath in 80.7% (528/654) of procedures. Balloon PTA alone was performed in 17.3% (148/857) and stent placement in 82.7% (709/857) of treated segments. Technical success of lesion treatment was 98.2% (857/873). Closure devices were used in 55.4% (362/654) of procedures. Conversion and readmission rates were 1.8% (12/654) and 0.6% (4/654), respectively. Long-term follow-up was obtained in 386 target lesions, 5-year restenosis of lesion was 20.5% (79/386).ConclusionAs designed, the OPAP was feasible, safe and effective with very low conversion and complications rates. These results strongly support a larger use of such approaches as routine practice.     

Quality of Life in Patients with Irritable Bowel Syndrome Seen in Referral Centers Versus Primary Care: The Impact of Gender and Predominant Bowel Pattern

Background: Quality of life (QOL) is reduced in patients with irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) and little is known about differences in QOL in relation to referral status, gender and predominant bowel pattern in IBS patients. This study aimed to explore these relationships. Methods: 343 patients with IBS according to the Rome I criteria (251 females, 92 males) completed five different self-administered questionnaires to evaluate QOL. There were 119 patients with diarrhea-predominant IBS (IBS-D), 93 with constipationpredominant IBS (IBS-C) and 131 with alternating constipation and diarrhea (IBS-A). The study group comprised 209 hospital outpatients and 134 primary care patients. The questionnaires were mailed to the patients with an overall response rate of 88%. Results: QOL was reduced in hospital outpatients compared to primary care patients, but only in females. IBS subgroup (IBS-D), physical fatigue and general health independently predicted referral to a gastroenterologist. Females had lower QOL than males. No differences, except in severity of diarrhea and constipation, were observed between IBS subgroups. Perceived fatigue was related to well-being, psychological and gastrointestinal symptoms. Independent predictors for fatigue were depression, trait anxiety, general health and vitality, along with eating dysfunction and female sex. Conclusion: IBS female patients seen in referral centers versus primary care is a highly selected group with reduced QOL. QOL in IBS is affected by gender, but not by subgroup. Our findings have implications for the generalizability of results in IBS trials. Fatigue is a common symptom in IBS that correlates to general well-being and psychological and subjective gastrointestinal symptoms.     

Responsiveness and Predictive Validity of the Participation Measure–3 Domains, 4 Dimensions in Survivors of Stroke

ObjectivesTo examine the responsiveness and predictive validity of the Participation Measure–3 Domains, 4 Dimensions (PM-3D4D) in people receiving outpatient rehabilitation following stroke.DesignProspective cohort observational study.SettingOutpatient rehabilitation settings.ParticipantsVolunteer patients (N=269) with stroke (mean age ± SD [y], 55.36±12.46; 70.26% male).InterventionsNot applicable.Main Outcome MeasuresThe PM-3D4D was designed to measure 3 domains (Productivity, Social, and Community) and 4 dimensions (Diversity, Frequency, Desire for change, and Difficulty) of participation in individuals with rehabilitation needs. All participants completed the PM-3D4D, the Participation Assessment with Recombined Tools-Objective (PART-O), the Participation Measure for Post-Acute Care (PM-PAC), and the EuroQol-5-Dimension (EQ-5D) at the baseline assessment and again following 3 months of outpatient rehabilitation.ResultsSignificant mean changes in scores were observed for most of the PM-3D4D subscales, with the largest score change observed in the Difficulty subscale (standardized response mean=0.57～0.88). The minimal detectable change and meaningful clinically important differences were calculated for each subscale. The Frequency and Difficulty dimensions of the PM-3D4D demonstrated significantly greater responsiveness than the PART-O and PM-PAC, respectively. The baseline PM-3D4D scores, except for Desire for change subscales, were significantly correlated with the PART-O, PM-PAC, and EQ-5D scores after 3 months of rehabilitation.ConclusionsThis study provides evidence supporting the responsiveness and predictive validity of the PM-3D4D in survivors of stroke. Among all subscales of the PM-3D4D, the Difficulty dimensional scale demonstrated the greatest responsiveness. The Desire for change dimension of the PM-3D4D showed less responsiveness, and we recommend that it be used as a goal-setting tool rather than an outcome measure. The PM-3D4D can potentially be used to predict participation outcomes and the health-related quality of life following rehabilitation interventions.     

我院900例门诊患者合理用药国际指标调研及分析

目的:为制定合理用药的干预措施提供参考。方法:根据世界卫生组织/基本药物行动计划/合理用药国际网络联合制定的国际指标及我国的《处方管理办法》,对我院900例门诊患者的处方指标和患者关怀指标进行调研,并采用Microsoft Excel电子表格统计分析。结果:900例患者处方平均用药品种数为2.8种,通用名使用率为100.00%,抗生素使用率为25.00%,注射剂使用率为11.45%,基本药物使用率为81.57%,平均就诊时间为14.6min,实际调配药物率为94.92%,患者了解用药率为90.80%,平均就诊药费为140.17元,药品标识完整百分率为15.17%,患者知道阅读药品说明书的百分率为72.03%。结论:我院处方情况基本达到国际指标,但离发达国家的合理用药水平还有一定差距。     

上海市闸北区性病门诊患者HSV-2感染率及其影响因素研究

目的了解上海市闸北区性病门诊患者2型单纯疱疹病毒(herpes simplex virus type 2,HSV-2)感染率及其影响因素。方法抽取2008年7~8月间前往闸北区中心医院规范化性病门诊就诊的患者,进行问卷调查和HSV-2、HIV血清学抗体检测。结果共有256例就诊者接受调查,平均年龄(36.86±11.82)岁,大多数为男性(178人,占69.5%)、在婚(179人,占69.9%)、外地户籍(150人,占58.6%)、高中及以上文化程度(141人,占55.1%)。初次性行为年龄范围为13~39岁,平均年龄在(22.37±3.67)岁。222例(86.7%)调查对象目前有固定性伴,145例(56.6%)调查对象最近3个月有过商业性行为,7例(2.7%)调查对象有吸毒行为,1例(0.4%)HIV检测呈阳性。HSV-2感染率为30.1%,男性为25.8%,女性为39.7%。多因素Logistic回归分析显示,在控制了其他变量的混杂影响后,女性HSV-2感染率显著高于男性,差异有统计学意义(P=0.027);最近3个月有商业性行为者HSV-2感染率高于无商业性行为者,差异有统计学意义(P=0.048)。...     

短语小处方在门诊换药患者健康教育中的应用

【】目的 探讨短语小处方在门诊换药患者健康教育中的应用效果。方法 选取门诊换药室手外伤换药患者170例,按首次换药时间先后分为对照组85例,观察组85例;对照组在换药后予常规健康教育处方指导,观察组予健康教育短语小处方指导。观察两组患者健康教育知晓率、护理服务满意度、伤口愈合时间和感染发生率。结果 观察组健康教育知晓率、满意度均高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(均P<0.01),伤口感染发生率低于对照组(P<0.01),伤口愈合时间短于对照组(P<0.01)。结论 短语小处方提高患者健康教育知晓率,缩短伤口愈合时间,降低伤口感染发生率。