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1.
覃凡  李宗平  陈旭  杨旭  夏芹 《西部医学》2022,34(7):1065-1068
目的 探讨高血压性脑出血(HICH)患者血糖波动对其微创碎吸术后血清同型半胱氨酸(Hcy)、血尿酸(UA)水平的影响。方法 选取2018年1月~2020年10月在本院接受微创碎吸术减压治疗的HICH患者125例进行回顾性研究,根据患者是否存在应激性高血糖症(SHG)分为两组,其中61例存在SHG的患者为SHG组,不存在SHG的64例患者为对照组,对比两组患者术后相关参数。结果 两组患者的一般资料比较无统计学差异(均P>0.05),SHG组患者术前血糖高于对照组(P<0.05);SHG组患者住院时间和抗生素应用时间均长于对照组(P<0.05),术前血肿量大于对照组(P<0.05),术后肺炎发生率、6个月死亡率高于对照组(P<0.05),两组患者手术时间、术后再次出血、颅内感染发生率无统计学差异(P>0.05);术后1、3 d的Hcy、UA浓度高于对照组(P<0.05)。结论 高血压性脑出血患者术前存在应激性高血糖症时,其术后预后较差、恢复时间较长,并发症发生率也高于血糖正常者,血清Hcy、UA浓度在短时间内较高,应密切观察患者围术期血清指标,以预测患者病情变化趋势,及时采取预防措施。  相似文献   
2.
BackgroundFour-factor prothrombin complex concentrate 4F-PCC is the standard of care for warfarin reversal in patients with major bleed or requiring urgent surgery. Although the 4F-PCC dose is weight and international normalized ratio (INR) based, for practical purposes, a fixed-dose approach has been explored, especially for rapid reversal. We report our experience using two different fixed-dose 4F-PCC for warfarin reversal in patients presenting with intracranial hemorrhage (ICH).Study design and methodsWe completed a retrospective chart review comparing high (4000 units) versus low (2000 units) dose 4F-PCC by evaluating patient characteristics, laboratory data, and pre-and post-4F-PCC brain imaging.ResultsThere was no significant difference between patient characteristics or INR correction (≤1.5) between the two groups. Eighty percent (12/15) of patients who received the low dose 4F-PCC had either improved or stable brain imaging as compared to 88% (14/16) of patients who received the high dose PCC. When the eight patients (4 from each arm of the study) who required neurosurgery were excluded, only two patients in each arm had worse imaging after 4F-PCC.ConclusionThere was no significant difference between the INR correction and the brain imaging changes in patients with an ICH who received either the high or the low fixed-dose 4F-PCC for warfarin reversal.  相似文献   
3.
目的 观察7.0T MR T2* mapping与T2 mapping检测急性心肌梗死(AMI)再灌注模型大鼠心肌内出血(IMH)的图像质量及其价值。方法 以42只SD大鼠制备AMI再灌注模型,于其后2 d及7 d采集左心室7.0T MR T2* mapping与T2 mapping,获得后处理T2* map与T2 map图;之后处死大鼠,取心脏进行病理检查,评估IMH。观察IMH大鼠各序列原始图像的信噪比(SNR)、对比噪声比(CNR)、图像质量评分及T2* map与T2 map图像的信号均一性。以病理结果为标准,分析2个序列图像检出IMH的效能。结果 造模后2 d (9只)和7 d (16只)后,共25只大鼠造模成功并检出IMH (IMH组),10只存在AMI但无IMH,6只无心肌梗死(无心肌梗死组),另1只在扫描过程中死亡;2 d和7 d IMH组心脏T2 mapping原始图像的SNR>T2* mapping原始图像(P均=0.001),而CNR差异均无统计学意义(P均>0.05)。造模后2 d,IMH组心脏T2 mapping原始图像质量评分(3.90±0.30)高于T2* mapping (3.80±0.40,t=3.67,P<0.01);造模后7 d,T2 mapping原始图像质量评分(3.60±0.50)与T2* mapping差异无统计学意义(3.50±0.50,t=1.65,P=0.10)。IMH组T2 map与T2* map图像的出血心肌及远端心肌的变异系数(COV)差异均无统计学意义(P均>0.05),提示信号均一性无明显差异。T2 mapping及T2* mapping检出IMH的敏感度分别为88.00%(22/25)及96.00%(24/25)。结论 7.0T MR T2* mapping图像信号均一性、SNR及图像质量略低于T2 mapping,二者CNR相当,均可用于检测AMI再灌注大鼠模型IMH。  相似文献   
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5.
目的 探究核因子E2相关因子2/谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶4(Nrf2-GPX4)介导的铁死亡通路参与右美托咪定(Dex)对脑出血(ICH)大鼠发挥神经保护作用的机制。方法 将100只SD大鼠按随机数字表法分为Sham组、ICH组(模型组)、Dex-L组(Dex 50 μg/kg)、Dex-H组(Dex 100 μg/kg)、Dex-H+ML385组(Nrf2抑制剂ML385,30 mg/kg),每组20只。除Sham组外,其余组通过自体血注射法建立ICH模型;Dex-L组、Dex-H组及Dex-H+ML385组于术前30 min腹腔注射相应Dex或ML385,Sham组和ICH组则注射等量的生理盐水。术后2 h Zea Longa评分评定大鼠神经功能损伤。试剂盒检测血肿周围脑组织谷胱甘肽(GSH)、丙二醛(MDA)、铁离子含量;称质量检测大鼠血肿周围脑含水量;HE染色、Nissl染色、普鲁士蓝染色分别观察血肿周围脑组织病理学、神经细胞损伤及铁沉积情况;Western blot检测脑组织GPX4、胱氨酸/谷氨酸逆向转运蛋白(xCT)、Nrf2表达。结果 相较于Sham组,神经功能缺损评分、MDA、铁离子含量、脑含水量、脑组织病理损伤、铁沉积在ICH组明显增加,GSH含量、神经细胞数、GPX4、xCT、Nrf2表达水平明显减少(均P<0.05);相较于ICH组,神经功能缺损评分、MDA、铁离子含量、脑含水量、脑组织病理损伤、铁沉积在Dex-L组与Dex-H组依次明显降低,GSH含量、神经细胞数、GPX4、xCT、Nrf2表达水平明显增加(均P<0.05);ML385可逆转Dex-H对神经功能、铁沉积、脑损伤的改善。结论 Dex通过激活Nrf2-GPX4通路来抑制铁死亡,从而对ICH大鼠发挥神经保护的作用。  相似文献   
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The aim of this study was to carry out a retrospective multicentre study comparing the morphological outcome of 8 techniques used for the management of sagittal synostosis versus a large cohort of control patients. Computed tomographic (CT) images were obtained from children CT-scanned for non-craniosynostosis related events (n = 241) and SS patients at preoperative and postoperative follow-up stages (n = 101). No significant difference in morphological outcomes was observed between the techniques considered in this study. However, the majority of techniques showed a tendency for relapse. Further, the more invasive procedures at older ages seem to lead to larger intracranial volume compared to less invasive techniques at younger ages. This study can be a first step towards future multicentre studies, comparing surgical results and offering a possibility for objective benchmarking of outcomes between methods and centres.  相似文献   
8.
Prolonged prothrombin time and thrombocytopenia are common in patients with cirrhosis. These parameters do not reflect the overall hemostatic rebalance or bleeding risk in the periprocedural setting; however, attempts to correct these parameters remain frequent. We review the literature on periprocedural bleeding risk, bleeding risk factors, and the risk and benefits of hemostatic interventions in patients with cirrhosis. We provide guidance recommendations on evaluating bleeding risk in this patient group and management of hemostatic abnormalities in the periprocedural setting.  相似文献   
9.
目的 探讨颅内破裂动脉瘤血管内栓塞术后发生脑疝的危险因素及预后。方法回顾性分析2017年5月至2019年5月行血管内治疗的303例颅内破裂动脉瘤的临床资料。结果26例术后发生脑疝,脑疝发生率为8.58%。多因素logistic回归分析显示入院WFNS分级Ⅳ~Ⅴ级、动脉瘤再次破裂、脑水肿是术后发生脑疝的独立危险因素(P<0.05)。ROC曲线分析显示,对于预测术后发生脑疝的效能:入院WFNS分级Ⅳ~Ⅴ级的曲线下面积(AUC)为0.734(95% CI 0.639~0.829;P<0.001),动脉瘤再破裂的AUC为0.632(95%CI 0.504~0.760;P=0.026),脑水肿的AUC为0.826(95% CI 0.723~0.928;P<0.001);入院WFNS分级Ⅳ~Ⅴ级+动脉瘤再次破裂+脑水肿的AUC为0.897(95% CI 0.819~0.974;P<0.001)。26例脑疝中,8例去骨瓣减压术治疗(4例出院时死亡;4例存活,随访1年,预后良好2例,预后不良2例),18例未行去骨瓣减压术均死亡。26例脑疝病死率为84.62%。结论颅内破裂动脉瘤血管内栓塞术后发生脑疝,去骨瓣减压术可以作为急救手段,但效果有限;为改善病人预后,预防和治疗脑水肿、防止动脉瘤再破裂对预防脑疝的形成尤为重要。  相似文献   
10.
ObjectiveThe current study has been conducted to identify the risk factors associated with blood transfusion in women undergoing cesarean section (C-section). A detailed account of the risk factors associated withblood transfusion will ultimately prevent unnecessary crossmatching in hospitals , leading to the conservation of declining blood supplies and resources without subjugating the quality of care.Material and methodsWe performed a rigorous literature search using electronic databases, including PubMed, Cochrane CENTRAL, and Embase, for studies evaluating the risk factors for blood transfusion in C-section published until March 31, 2021. The Newcastle-Ottawa Quality Assessment Scale was deployed to assess the methodologic quality of the included studies. Mean differences (MD) and odds ratios (OR) with 95% confidence intervals were calculated using Review Manager version 5.3.ResultsThe search yielded 1563 records, 22 of which were eligible for inclusion, representing 426,094 women (10,959 in the transfused group and 415,135 in the non-transfused group). Participants in the transfused group had lower mean preoperative hematocrit (MD = ?3.71 [?4.46, ?2.96]; p < 0.00001; I2 = 88%). Placenta previa (OR = 9.54 [7.23, 12.59]; p < 0.00001; I2 = 88%), placental abruption (OR = 6.77 [5.25, 8.73]; p < 0.00001; I2 = 72%), emergency C-section (OR = 1.92 [1.42, 2.60]; p < 0.0001; I2 = 75%), general anesthesia (OR = 8.43 [7.90, 9.00]; p < 0.00001; I2 = 72%), multiple gestations (OR = 1.60 [1.24, 2.06]; p = 0.0003; I2 = 85%), preterm labor (OR = 3.34 [2.75, 4.06]; p < 0.00001; I2 = 85%), prolonged labor (OR = 1.68 [1.44, 1.96]; p < 0.00001; I2 = 78%), unbooked cases (OR = 2.42 [1.22, 4.80]; p = 0.01; I2 = 80%), hypertensive disorders of pregnancy (OR = 1.81 [1.72, 1.90]; p < 0.00001; I2 = 71%), and fibroids (OR = 2.32 [1.55, 3.47]; p < 0.0001; I2 = 72%) were significantly higher in the transfused group compared to the non-transfused group. Chronic hypertension (OR = 0.67 [0.29, 1.55]; p = 0.36; I2 = 90%), maternal age (MD = 0.09 [?0.27, 0.45]; p = 0.62; I2 = 50%), maternal body mass index (MD = ?0.14 [?0.81, 0.53]; p = 0.67, I2 = 86%), diabetes (OR = 0.93 [0.75, 1.15]; p = 0.51; I2 = 52%), and malpresentation (OR = 0.65 [0.38, 1.11]; p = 0.13; I2 = 64%) were not significantly associated with an increased risk of blood transfusion in C-section in the two groups.ConclusionPlacenta previa, placental abruption, emergency C-section, booking status, multiple gestations, and preoperative hematocrit were the risk factors most significantly associated with blood transfusion, while a prior C-section did not increase the risk of transfusion.  相似文献   
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