正念行为护理对肺癌合并肺结核患者的护理效果观察

目的探讨正念行为护理对肺癌合并肺结核患者的护理效果。方法选取2019年1月至2020年1月间陕西省结核病防治院收治的97例肺癌合并肺结核患者,采用随机数表法分为对照组和观察组。对照组49例患者采用亲情护理,观察组48例患者采用正念行为护理。比较两组患者的屈服、回避和面对评分、自我效能感量表(GSES)、抑郁自评量表(SDS)和焦虑自评量表(SAS)评分及生活质量。结果护理后,两组患者的屈服、回避、SDS和SAS评分均较护理前降低,且观察组均低于对照组,差异均有统计学意义(均P<0.05)。护理后,两组患者的面对、GSES、情绪功能、社会功能、认知功能、躯体功能和角色功能评分均较护理前升高,且观察组均高于对照组,差异均有统计学意义(均P<0.05)。结论正念行为护理能促进肺癌合并肺结核患者养成积极的应对方式,提高自我效能,减轻不良情绪,提高生活质量,值得推广。     

园艺互动干预应用于维持性血液透析病人中的效果评价

目的:探讨园艺互动干预应用于维持性血液透析病人中的效果。方法:选择本院收治的行维持性血液透析病人157例,按照入院时间先后顺序分为对照组77例,观察组80例。对照组实施常规干预,观察组实施园艺互动干预。对比两组干预前后心理状态、应对方式、生活质量及总体幸福感变化。结果:观察组干预12周后症状自评量表(SCL-90)各维度评分低于对照组(P<0.05);观察组干预12周后积极应对评分高于对照组,消极应对评分低于对照组(P<0.05);观察组生活质量各维度评分高于对照组(P<0.05);观察组总体幸福感评分高于对照组(P<0.05)。结论:园艺互动干预应用于维持性血液透析病人可改善心理状态及应对方式,提升生活质量与总体幸福感。     

Visual-spatial processing style is associated with psychopathology in adolescents with critical congenital heart disease

Objective: To determine whether visual-spatial processing style is associated with psychopathology in a large sample of adolescents with critical congenital heart disease (CHD). Local (part-oriented) style was hypothesized to increase risk for internalizing (but not externalizing) forms of psychopathology.

Method: Participants included 278 adolescents with critical CHD (dextro-transposition of the great arteries?=?134, tetralogy of Fallot?=?58, single-ventricle cardiac anatomy requiring the Fontan procedure?=?86). Visual-spatial processing style was indexed using Copy Style Ratings from the Rey-Osterrieth Complex Figure-Developmental Scoring System. The Schedule for Affective Disorders and Schizophrenia for School-Aged Children–Present & Lifetime Version was used to determine presence/absence of diagnosable DSM-IV psychiatric disorder(s). Processing style and psychopathology were assessed concurrently.

Results: Thirty-three percent of the sample had a part-oriented processing style. In multivariable binary logistic regression models, part-orientation was associated with more than twice the odds of having an anxiety disorder (lifetime: OR?=?2.2, p?=?.02, 95% CI?=?1.1–4.1; current: OR?=?2.7, p?=?.03, 95% CI?=?1.1–6.5) but was not associated with an increased risk for ADHD, disruptive behavior, or mood disorders (ps?>?.05).

Conclusions: Adolescents with critical CHD who approach complex visual-spatial materials in a local, part-oriented fashion are more likely to meet criteria for an anxiety disorder than those who approach complexity more holistically. Part-orientation may make it more difficult for individuals to judge the relative importance of isolated details and engage in more adaptive perspective-taking.     

Emotion recognition from body movement and gesture in children with Autism Spectrum Disorder is improved by situational cues

BackgroundResearch shows people with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) have poorer emotion recognition (ER) compared to their typically developing (TD) peers. However, it is not known whether this is the case when stimuli are limited to gesture and posture, and lack facial expressions.MethodFifty-four children with (n = 27) and without (n = 27) ASD, matched on age and gender, completed an ER task, that used dynamic stimuli. Processing style bias, Autistic-like-traits and empathy were also measured. With ER as the outcome variable, a multilevel logistic model was created.ResultsChildren with ASD were found to be significantly less accurate in identifying emotions, compared to the control group. Presence of situational cues aided both groups. Autistic-like-traits and empathy were found to correlate too highly with the diagnosed condition to use in the multilevel model. Processing style did not significantly impact ER ability.ConclusionsThis study supports previous research which finds ER ability in people with ASD to be poorer than that of TD peers and that situational cues can aid ER ability. Importantly, the latter is true for people with ASD. The implication of these findings are programmes that aim to improve ER should consider using cues. Limitations of the study are discussed.     

赋能心理护理对ICU患者家属心理压力及应对方式的影响

目的 探讨赋能心理护理对ICU患者家属心理压力及应对方式的影响。方法 选取2017年1-12月我院收治的120例ICU患者的主要照顾家属为研究对象,采用随机数字表法将其分为观察组及对照组,每组各60例。对照组行常规健康宣教,观察组在对照组基础上行赋能心理干预,比较2组心理压力、自我效能及应对方式。结果 干预后,观察组自我效能评分、积极应对方式评分均明显高于对照组(t=8.477,P<0.001;t=10.845,P<0.001),而消极应对方式评分明显低于对照组(t=8.935,P<0.001)。观察组紧张感、失控感及心理压力总评分均明显低于对照组(P<0.001)。结论 赋能心理干预能有效提高ICU重症患者家属自我效能,使家属能积极面对患者病情,减轻患者家属心理负担。     

不良妊娠患者抑郁现状及影响因素分析

目的探讨不良妊娠患者发生抑郁现状及影响因素,为不良妊娠患者针对性干预提供参考。方法采用一般资料调查表、Beck抑郁量表、社会支持量表和应对方式问卷对125例不良妊娠患者进行问卷调查。结果不良妊娠患者抑郁发生率为56.0%。社会支持总分42.86±6.70,应对方式6个分量表均分0.46~0.79;Logistic回归分析显示,孕周、解决问题、自责、客观支持4个变量进入回归方程。结论不良妊娠患者抑郁发病率较高,社会支持处于中等水平,孕周、自责应对方式为危险因素,客观支持、解决问题应对方式为保护因素。护理人员可根据患者的个体特征进行干预,防止抑郁的发生。     

以格林模式为指导的健康宣教对尖锐湿疣患者情绪及自我效能的影响

目的探讨以格林模式为指导的健康宣教对尖锐湿疣患者情绪及自我效能的干预作用。方法将220例尖锐湿疣患者按就诊时间分为两组,各110例。对照组予以常规护理干预,观察组在此基础上实施以格林模式为指导的健康宣教,观察6个月,治疗后随访6个月统计复发率。干预前后采用医院自制尖锐湿疣患者健康知识调查问卷调查健康知识掌握情况,采用焦虑自评量表、抑郁自评量表评定焦虑、抑郁情绪,采用医学应对问卷评定应对方式,采用一般自我效能感量表评定自我效能。干预后采用纽卡斯尔护理满意度量表评定护理满意度。结果干预后观察组尖锐湿疣患者健康知识调查问卷总分及尖锐湿疣疾病知识、自我保健知识评分显著高于对照组(P<0.01),焦虑自评量表、抑郁自评量表评分显著低于对照组(P<0.01)。干预后观察组一般自我效能感量表评分及医学应对问卷的面对、自我效能评分显著高于对照组(P<0.01),回避、屈服评分显著低于对照组(P<0.01)。观察组复发率显著低于对照组(P<0.05),总满意率显著高于对照组(P<0.01)。结论以格林模式为指导的健康宣教能提高尖锐湿疣患者健康知识掌握度及自我效能水平,有效缓解其不良情绪,改变其应对方式,降低复发率,提高患者满意度。