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1.
目的 探索教养方式与儿童睡眠问题的相关性,为基于教养方式的睡眠干预提供依据。方法 于2019年12月—2020年1月,采用整群方便取样,在北京、上海和成都三市抽取6所公办幼儿园与2所公办小学进行调查,由家长通过在线系统填写儿童睡眠习惯问卷(CSHQ),教养方式类型,以及社会人口学和家庭情况问卷,通过协方差分析和二元Logistic回归分析探索教养方式与儿童睡眠问题的关系。结果 共抽取3 861名儿童,平均年龄(5.57±2.28)岁,男、女童分别为2 007名(52.0%)、1 854名(48.0%)。溺爱型、适中型和严格型教养方式分别占4.6%、86.6%和8.8%。溺爱型教养的儿童CSHQ总分(F=44.77,P<0.001)和各维度分均高于严格型和适中型,睡眠问题更严重。相比适中型,溺爱型教养是儿童总体睡眠问题的危险因素(OR=3.62,95%CI:1.88~6.96),尤其是就寝抵抗(OR=3.80,95%CI:2.51~5.75)。结论 教养方式与儿童睡眠问题密切相关,而溺爱型教养是儿童睡眠问题的危险因素,未来应加强教养方式的科普宣教和行为干预。  相似文献   
2.
Gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GISTs) are rare neoplasms arising from mesenchymal cells of the digestive tract and abdomen. Only a few isolated cases of giant esophageal GISTs (greater than 5 cm in size) have been reported with clinical features and surgical methods. Radical esophagectomy with negative margins, followed by gastric tube reconstruction, is recommended for giant esophageal GISTs. However, patients undergoing this type of surgery experienced a sharp decrease in food intake (due to the removal of most of the stomach) and were prone to eating regurgitation, resulting in poor quality of life. We describe the case of a 65-year-old man with a 16.3-cm giant esophageal GIST. The results of frozen quick pathology during the operation indicated an esophageal stromal tumor. Only resection of the esophageal mass was performed upon no consent for esophageal resection by family members. The patient received oral treatment with 400 mg of imatinib once daily after the operation. After 3 years of follow-up, the patient showed no signs of recurrence or metastasis. The successful management of this case suggests that molecular targeted therapy after surgery would avoid giant esophageal GIST recurrence. Therefore, giant esophageal GISTs probably do not need radical esophagectomy with negative margins, followed by gastric tube reconstruction.  相似文献   
3.
ObjectiveTo explore the association of emotional intelligence (EI) and attachment security (AS) with empathy dimensions in medical students by examining the mediating role of EI.MethodsIn a cross-sectional design, the Interpersonal Reactivity Index (IRI), the Emotional Quotient Inventory (EQ-i), the Attachment Style Questionnaire (ASQ), and demographic questions were administrated to second-year medical students of two medical schools in Northern Italy.Results253 medical students (56.13% female), aged 19–29, participated in this study. AS positively correlated to Empathic Concern (r = 0.17, p = 0.008) and Perspective Taking (r = 0.24, p < 0.001), and negatively to Personal Distress (r = ?0.33, p < 0.001). Individuals with the same level of AS and a higher score on EQ-i had a higher score (β = 0.072, p = 0.033) on empathy latent factor (at the basis of Empathic Concern and Perspective Taking) and a lower score (β = ?0.290, p < 0.001) on Personal Distress than those with a lower EQ-i score.ConclusionThis study shows that EI completely mediated the relationship between AS and empathy dimensions among medical students.Practice implicationsEI training and workshop should be considered when designing educational interventions and programs to enhance empathy and decrease interpersonal distress in medical students.  相似文献   
4.
【目的】 分析农业科技论文中的信息安全问题,指出信息安全关键点,为防止因学术传播泄露国家(企业)机密和保护信息安全提供参考。【方法】 依据我国相关法律法规以及编辑工作实践,对农业科技期刊论文发表中的信息安全关键点进行分析。【结果】 总结出农业科技论文中的信息安全关键点,即全国性的农业基础数据、涉密的科研项目、生物育种技术、食品安全、动物疫情、植物病害、地理信息、气象信息等。针对信息安全问题提出如下应对策略:提高编辑人员信息安全意识和涉密数据识别能力、建立完整的信息安全审查机制、联合探索信息权限控制技术手段、对作者加强信息安全知识宣传、增加行业期刊间的沟通与交流。【结论】 编辑部应将国家安全和利益放在重要位置,以国家法律法规以及农业农村部的有关规定为依据,把控农业科技论文信息安全关键点,确保发表论文的信息安全。  相似文献   
5.
《Pain Management Nursing》2022,23(4):504-516
BackgroundIn 2020, the COVID-19 virus sparked a crisis constituting a nationwide public health emergency that rapidly altered the provision of healthcare services for all Americans. Infectious disease mitigation led to widespread lockdowns of perceived nonessential services, programs, and non-emergent healthcare interventions. This lockdown exacerbated the public health dyad of uncontrolled pain and the opioid epidemic, which was already in a crisis state. Current literature supports the management of uncontrolled pain with a biopsychosocial approach, empowering patients to explore self-care to enhance activities of daily living. Pain Coping Skills Training (PCST) delivers real-life strategies that improve quality of life and strengthen self-efficacy. Self-efficacy has been identified as a patient outcome measure that demonstrates improved patient-perceived function and quality of life despite pain intensity. Studies have shown that nurse practitioners (APRN) are well-positioned to provide PCST to chronic pain sufferers.MethodsA pretest-posttest design was utilized for this project to enhance pain self- efficacy through an APRN-led community-based intervention.InterventionCommunity-dwelling adults treated in a specialty pain management practice were self-selected to participate in a 6-week telehealth delivered PCST Program. This APRN delivered program presented basic pain education and a broad range of evidence-based nonpharmacologic pain management self-care tools. The primary outcome was improved Pain Self-efficacy measured with the pain self-efficacy questionnaire (PSEQ), with secondary outcomes of improved perceived pain intensity and function measured with the pain, enjoyment, and general activity (PEG) scale tracked weekly.ResultsBaseline PSEQ and weekly PEG scores were obtained and compared to scores after the program. Collateral data points included confidence in using complementary and alternative nonpharmacologic interventions, satisfaction with the program, and a qualitative patient statement regarding pre-and post-intervention participation.ConclusionsThis project concluded that a Nurse Practitioner delivered PCST program via telehealth technology could provide community-dwelling adults with an intervention that improves pain self-efficacy, enhances self-reported PEG measures, and meets the social distancing requirements that continue to impact patients during the COVID-19 pandemic.  相似文献   
6.
AimTo identify factors contributing to Greek nursing students’ stress and the coping strategies used.BackgroundStress experienced by nursing students in the context of ongoing economic recession is as yet unexplored.DesignA cross-sectional study .MethodologyUndergraduate nursing students (n = 424) completed the Student Nurse Stress Index (short version) and the Brief COPE questionnaires during the year 2017.ResultsMost of the participants stated that their current financial status (81.7%) contributed towards their experience of stress, and they had higher scores on the interface worries subscale (p < 0.001). Female gender (p < 0.001) seniority (p = 0.005) and stress of transportation from home to university (p = 0.019) significantly increased the SNSI total score as well as most of the stress subscales scores. As far as coping subscales were concerned, higher means were shown in active/positive coping (mean 2.95), seeking support (mean 2.84), expression of negative feelings (mean 2.71) and avoidance (2.47). However, the use of higher maladaptive coping strategies was noted in cases presenting higher SNSI Total score, interface worries and personal problems.ConclusionThe introduction of stress management training and conflict management skills ought to be considered. Fund raising initiatives should be considered to provide financial assistance to those in need.  相似文献   
7.
《中国现代医生》2020,58(27):155-159
住院医师规范化培训工作中存在的诸多问题,严重制约着住院医师成长与医院发展。本文探讨2017~2019年安徽某大学附属医院住院医师规范化培训工作中存在的主要问题,提出有效应对策略,并在实践工作中取得一定成效。通过阐述该院住院医师规范化培训主要政策内容与评价标准,加强对住院医师规范化培训学员的管控力度,落实住院医师培训考核与奖惩措施,逐步提高住院医师培训学员的收入与待遇,从而完善医院住院医师规范化培训的工作制度。进一步思考与总结现行医院住院医师规范化培训管理模式,优化医院现有人力资源配置,为探索改进住院医师规范化培训工作提供更好的发展思路。  相似文献   
8.
目的 了解卵巢癌患者创伤后成长现状并分析其影响因素。方法 采用方便抽样法,选取2018年5—12月在湖南省人民医院乳甲外科、湖南师范大学附属解放军921医院肿瘤科和湖南省肿瘤医院妇瘤科住院的卵巢癌患者201例为研究对象,采用一般资料调查问卷、创伤后成长量表、领悟社会支持量表和医学应对方式问卷对其进行调查。 结果 卵巢癌患者创伤后成长量表总分为(58.45±8.38)分,总均分为(2.78±0.40)分,处于中等水平。单因素分析显示,不同居住地、宗教信仰、文化程度、家庭月收入、是否合并慢性疾病、病程的卵巢癌患者创伤后成长量表得分差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。Pearson相关分析显示创伤后成长与领悟社会支持呈正相关;与医学应对方式中的面对应对和回避应对呈正相关,与屈服应对呈负相关(P<0.05)。多元线性回归分析发现领悟社会支持、面对应对、回避应对是卵巢癌患者创伤后成长的主要影响因素,可解释总变异的89.70%。 结论 卵巢癌患者创伤后成长处于中等水平,护理人员应根据创伤后成长影响因素,制定针对性的干预措施,促进患者尽快从疾病创伤中恢复。  相似文献   
9.
ObjectiveAdvanced cancer poses a threat to all aspects of being, potentially causing existential suffering. We explore what kind of existential concerns patients with advanced cancer disclose during a routine hospital consultation, and how they communicate such concerns.MethodsWe analyzed thirteen video-recorded hospital consultations involving adult patients with advanced cancer. The study has a qualitative and exploratory design, using procedures from microanalysis of face-to-face-dialogue.ResultsNearly all patients disclosed how the illness experience included losses and threats of loss that are strongly associated with existential suffering, displaying uncertainty about future and insecurity about self and coping. Patients usually disclosed existential concerns uninvited, but they did so indirectly and subtly, typically hiding concerns in biomedical terms or conveying them with hesitation and very little emotion.ConclusionsPatients may have existential concerns they want to address, but they may be uncertain whether these are issues they can discuss with the physician.Practice implicationsHealth professionals should be attentive to underlying existential messages embedded in the patient’s questions and concerns. Acknowledging these existential concerns provides an opportunity to briefly explore the patient’s needs and may direct how the physician tailors information and support to promote coping, autonomy, and existential health.  相似文献   
10.
目的 调查中青年2型糖尿病患者二元应对现状,并分析其影响因素。 方法 采用便利抽样的方法,2020年2月—12月选取郑州市2所三级甲等医院内分泌科住院部的411例中青年2型糖尿病患者作为调查对象,采用一般资料调查表、二元应对问卷、中文版糖尿病自我效能量表进行问卷调查。结果 中青年2型糖尿病患者二元应对总分为(130.6±11.26)分,糖尿病自我效能总分为(93.11±18.93)分,两者呈正相关(r=0.323,P<0.05);多元线性回归分析结果显示,性别、家庭人均月收入、病程、自我效能水平是中青年2型糖尿病患者二元应对的影响因素(均P<0.05)。结论 中青年2型糖尿病患者二元应对处于中等水平,有待进一步提高。二元应对受多因素影响,临床护理中可以以自我效能为切入点,制订可行、有效的干预措施。  相似文献   
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