Computerized linearization test for tablet dissolution kinetics

We have compared the linearization and computerized the dissoium rate of severall commercially available tablets. Out of all the tested kinetic patterns, four have proved sastiiscatoy (Highuchi, Hixson-Crowell, Kitazawa and Weilbull). Consdering the table characteristics, our research has been conducted according to the following criteria: tablets with low hardness and rapid release kinetics show Hixson-Crowell type linearization; tablets with a high rate of release of active substance display Higuchi-type linearization; tablets with high hardness but a short disintegration time shoe Kitazawa-type linearization, and finally, in the case of the rapid release of active substance in the dissolution, medium, the curve was transformed into a straight line by using Weibull's equation.     

Pre-ejectional left ventricular wall motions studied on conscious dogs using Doppler myocardial imaging: relationships with indices of left ventricular function

Duration of the pre-ejection period is a sensitive index of myocardial function. Our purpose was to document normal pre-ejectional left ventricular (LV) wall motions at rest and under dobutamine using Doppler myocardial imaging (DMI), and to correlate posterior wall velocities with indices of LV systolic function. M-mode recordings of both walls were imaged on eight conscious dogs chronically instrumented. Subendocardial pre-ejectional velocities were digitized and measured every 3.8 ms. DMI analysis consisted of sign recognition, velocity measurement, duration and timing from the Q wave of the electrocardiogram. Isovolumic contraction time (Ict) was represented by the time interval from onset to peak of the first derivative of LV pressure. Conventional Doppler labelling of velocity signs, positive toward and negative away from the transducer, was applied to the direction of encoded wall motions. For physiological understanding, wall motions of both walls were also labelled inward and outward with respect to the left ventricular cavity center. In each wall, PEP was shown as several colored strips, each strip representing the period of time that the wall was moving in one direction. Changes in velocity sign corresponding to changes in direction of motion were opposed in each wall (p < 0.001), featuring successive inward and outward wall motions. There was a markedly sustained inward motion during Ict. Its velocity amplitude increased with dobutamine. There was a positive correlation between velocities of the inward motion contemporaneous of Ict and ejection fraction (r = 0.72, p < 0.003). Values of Ict respectively drawn from DMI and from hemodynamics were also significantly correlated (r = 0.85, p < 0.007). Thus, the inward motion evidenced by DMI during Ict appears promising to assess myocardial function and effect of drugs.     

Computerized colonization-surveillance based on antimicrobial susceptibility patterns

In order to estimate the occurrence of hospital-acquired colonizations, a specific program based on antimicrobial susceptibility tests was developed for the early recognition of clusters of colonized patients. This program allowed: (a) estimation of the endemic level of nosocomial colonization every three days within an intensive care unit; (b) detection of outbreak of hospital-acquired infections; (c) distinction between primary and secondary infections according to the dates of admission and collection; (d) provision of the latest profiles of susceptibility to antimicrobials for the 5 pathogens studied (Staphylococcus aureus, S. epidermidis, Serratia spp., Pseudomonas spp., Acinetobacter spp.). This study reported the experience of a two-year trial in colonization surveillance.     

Assessment of the reproducibility of strength and endurance handgrip parameters using a digital analyser

Summary A group of 40 healthy individuals (27 women and 13 men) participated in a handgrip test and were retested 1–2 months later. A strain-gauge sensor with a digitised signal and computerized printout was used. A 5-s maximal squeeze test was first made three times, followed by one endurance test with 45%–55% power of the maximal value. The best maximal value was most often (42%) achieved in the third (initial test) or second (retest) attempt. The reproducibility of maximal value was very good; the Pearson correlation coefficient between initial test and retest (r=0.98) was even slightly higher than in studies with older analogue instruments. The difference of maximal values [361 (SD 109) N, initial test and 368 (SD 110) N, retest] was insignificant. A moderate 12% long-term change in maximal value was statistically significant. Reproducibility of the power factor (integrated area of power with time) was also very good in this short test, correlating closely (r=0.98–0.99) with the maximal value. Other indexes (grip rate, fatigue percentage and relaxation rate) were not stable enough to be practical. Endurance results were somewhat variable (r=0.73), which implied in the main variable motivation. Only marked changes of over 50% in endurance were statistically significant. Endurance power increased significantly in the retest, which, in spite of an r-value of 0.82, would make its use in a follow-up study difficult. We found the computer-based handgrip test both precise and practical in assessing maximal voluntary strength; endurance was more difficult to reproduce.     

电子病历系统的研究与开发

目的研究与开发电子病历(CPR)系统,以实现病人信息的采集、加工、存储、传输和服务。方法通过建立结构化病历,开发文体编辑器,建立数据库安全性技术、在线帮助知识、实时监控技术、打印控制技术以及功能扩展技术来实现CPR系统。结果通过上述技术建立起来的CPR系统已在两所三级医院使用。实践证实,该系统运行良好、安全稳定、易维护、通用性好,提高了医疗质量和临床工作效率。结论①建立结构化病历是实现CPR的基础;②开发专用编辑器是实现CPR的关键;③拥有完备的数据库安全性技术是启动CPR的保障;④构建在线帮助“知识库”是辅助医生提高临床决策水平的有效途径;⑤CPR系统是提高病历质量的有效措施;⑥CPR是提高病历书写效率的有效方法。     

社区药房微机化管理后门诊调剂差错分析与预防

目的:交流社区药房工作经验,防范调剂差错。方法:分析社区药房微机化管理后发生调剂差错原因,探讨相应预防措施。结果:社区药房微机化管理后需提高相关人员业务水平、工作技能和科学摆放药品,才能有效预防调剂差错。结论:社区药房应高度重视调剂差错,为患者提供高质量的社区卫生服务。     

The Häma-COM laboratory data management system (LDS): tailor-made computerization of the individual working procedures arising in a hematology laboratory with a high throughput of pathologic samples

A laboratory data management system (Häma-COM) is presented that is individually adaptable to the different working procedures arising in a hematology laboratory. The Häma-COM can be easily integrated into a hospital and/or another laboratory computer system, providing the facilities of total electronic data transfer between the referring institutions and the laboratory. The system is based on a network of personal computers running Novell Network software and coordinates two hematology analyzers (NE-8000, R-1000) and several microscopic work stations. The entire information provided by the hematology analyzers including scatterplots and histograms is captured by the system, whereby automated results are validated and worklists for further sample workup are created. Corrections of and/or additions to automated analysis results might be directly entered into the system from the respective microscopic working places. The Häma-COM system minimizes the administrative workload without interfering with the individual laboratory organization.     

云南省正常恒牙X线头影测量均值的建立与研究

为了建立云南省正常恒牙牙合人X线头影测量均值 ,探讨本地区正常牙合青少年颅面结构特征 .在对云南省大、中专学生普查的基础上 ,挑选出 12 8名正常牙合样本 ,对每一样本进行电子计算机化X线头影测量 ,得出本地区正常测量均值 ,对所有测量值进行统计学处理及分析 ,并与北京地区测量比较 .结果 :首次建立了我省正常牙合X线头影测量均值 .与北京地区相比 ,云南省正常牙合青少年具有南方人多具有的相对凸面形特征 .