Contact urticaria from protein hydrolysates in hair conditioners

Protein hydrolysates (PHs) are added to hair-care products (to "repair" broken hair), soaps, bath gels, creams, etc. From one to 22 PHs used in hair-care products (collagen, keratin, elastin, milk, wheat, almond, and silk) were tested in three patient groups: A) 11 hairdressers with hand dermatitis B) 2160 consecutive adults with suspected allergic respiratory disease subjected to routine skin prick tests C) 28 adults with atopic dermatitis.
In group A, all the 22 PHs were tested with scratch and patch tests. In groups B and C, one to three PHs were tested with prick tests. Positive scratch/prick test reactions were seen in 12 patients from three PHs altogether. All were women with atopic dermatitis, and all reacted to at least hydroxypropyl trimonium hydroly:ed collagen (Crotein Q"). In three patients, prick and open tests with a hair conditioner containing Crotein Q were performed with positive results. One patient reported contact urticaria on her hands, and two reported acute urticaria on their head, face, and upper body from a hair conditioner containing Crotein Q. In seven of the eight studied sera, specific IgE to Crotein Q was detected. In conclusion, PHs of hair cosmetics can cause contact urticaria, especially in patients with atopic dermatitis.     

明胶降解物对大鼠真皮成纤维细胞增殖及Ⅰ型胶原蛋白分泌的影响

目的 探讨组织工程心瓣膜常用人工基质材料--明胶发生降解后的产物对大鼠真皮成纤维细胞增殖及Ⅰ型胶原蛋白分泌的影响. 方法 利用酶组合技术制备明胶降解物（gelatin hydrolysate, GH）,采用超滤的方法分离出低分子量明胶降解物组分（gelatin hydrolysate fraction, GHF）,用于5只SD大鼠真皮成纤维细胞的体外培养.采用CCK-8活细胞计数试剂盒（Cell Counting Kit-8）检测细胞的增殖情况,ELISA试剂盒检测细胞I型胶原蛋白的分泌情况. 结果 ①GHF对细胞增殖作用的浓度效应：在0.125～1.0 mg/ml浓度范围内,GHF对细胞的促增殖作用呈现先增强后减弱的趋势,在0.25 mg/ml时,细胞增殖率最大,达到（47.54±16.35）%;②GH与GHF对细胞增殖影响比较：GH与GHF均具有促进细胞增殖的作用,且在浓度为0.25 mg/ml时,促细胞增殖作用无显著差异[（27.04±15.21）% vs （39.22±15.55）%, P=0.177];③GH与GHF对细胞分泌Ⅰ型胶原蛋白影响比较：GHF组第3天时Ⅰ型胶原分泌量为（28.06±5.60）pg/105,与空白对照的（18.24±4.52）pg/105相比,有显著差异（P=0.006）,而GH组直至第6天时Ⅰ型胶原蛋白分泌量,与空白对照相比,无统计学意义（P=0.103）. 结论 分子量大小不同的明胶降解物GH与GHF均具有促进大鼠真皮成纤维细胞增殖的作用,且分子量较小的GHF还具有促进细胞I型胶原分泌的功能.     

方格星虫酶解物成分分析及其抗氧化作用

用木瓜蛋白酶对方格星虫（Sipunculus nudus）进行酶促水解,并对酶解物冻干粉的成分进行了分析,其中粗蛋白质量分数为69.02%,多肽质量分数为60.60%,肽的平均链长为3.73个氨基酸残基,肽分子的平均相对分子质量为447.6;游离氨基酸占5.27%。氨基酸分析结果显示,方格星虫酶解物含有17种氨基酸（色氨酸未测）,其中人体必需氨基酸含量较高,占总氨基酸数的30.62%。方格星虫酶解物中还含有P、Fe、Mg、Mn、Zn、Cu、Se等至少12种矿质元素,以及含有抗氧化作用的营养成分,并通过动物试验证明了方格星虫酶解物具有显著的抗氧化作用。方格星虫酶解物可用于食品添加或用作功能性食品。     

Whey hydrolysate compared with cow's milk-based formula for weaning at about 6 months of age in high allergy-risk infants: effects on atopic disease and sensitization

Ninety-one high atopy-risk infants were prospectively followed up to 18 months of age with regard to the development of allergic/atopic manifestations and sensitization. They were randomized into one of two feeding groups, i.e., a hydrolyzed, ultrafiltered cow's milk whey formula, Profylac® ( n = 32), or an ordinary cow's milk formula ( n = 39), for 12 months, started after exclusive breast-feeding for 0–9 (median 6.0) months. Lactating mothers avoided milk, egg, and fish, as did the infants up to 12 months of age. Twenty of the 91 infants were breast-fed exclusively for more than 9 months and regarded as a control group. All infants were followed-up by questionnaires, physical examinations, skin prick tests, and determination of serum total IgE and cow's milk-specific IgE. The frequency of allergic/atopic disease was similar in the three groups. However, all three infants who developed cow's milk allergy with skin symptoms belonged to the cow's milk formula group. The skin prick test with whey hydrolysate was negative in all, while with cow's milk it was positive in eight infants. Growth was similar in the three groups. The study comprises too few infants to allow us to make statistically based statements. However, the difficulties encountered and the limited effects obtained by the use of whey hydrolysate at weaning at about 6 months of age made us conclude that we can spare high atopy-risk families this extra burden.     

Radioprotective Effect of Whey Hydrolysate Peptides against γ-Radiation-Induced Oxidative Stress in BALB/c Mice

Radiation therapy is widely used in the treatment of tumor diseases, but it can also cause serious damage to the body, so it is necessary to find effective nutritional supplements. The main purpose of this study is to evaluate the protective effect of whey hydrolysate peptides (WHPs) against ⁶⁰Coγ radiation damage in mice and explore the mechanism. BALB/c mice were given WHPs by oral gavage administration for 14 days. Then, some mice underwent a 30-day survival test after 8 Gy radiation, and other mice received 3.5 Gy radiation to analyze the changes in body weight, hematology and bone marrow DNA after three and 14 days. In addition, through further analysis of the level of oxidative stress and intestinal barrier function, the possible mechanism of the radioprotective effect of WHPs was explored. The study found WHPs can prolong survival time, restore body weight, and increase the number of peripheral blood white blood cells and bone marrow DNA content in irradiated mice. In addition, WHPs can significantly improve the antioxidant capacity, inhibit pro-inflammatory cytokines and protect the intestinal barrier. These results indicate that WHPs have a certain radioprotective effect in mice, and the main mechanism is related to reducing oxidative damage.     

玉米粉水解物作为红霉素发酵培养基的研究

研究了摇瓶试验中玉米粉水解物替代葡萄糖发酵红霉素的最佳培养基组成。用均匀设计法得到发酵基础培养基的最佳配比(wB，％)：玉米粉3．6，黄豆饼粉2．0，玉米浆0．23，碳酸钙0．5，淀粉0．6；用正交试验得到了优化的补混合料配比(％)：玉米粉4．5，黄豆饼粉2．0，硫酸铵1．0，酵母粉2．0；并得到了玉米粉的最适水解条件。30t发酵罐放大实验结果表明，用玉米粉水解物替代葡萄糖作碳源发酵红霉素，发酵单位提高5．8％，综合生产成本降低26．0％。     

脑蛋白水解物注射液治疗弥漫性轴索损伤的临床观察

目的探讨脑蛋白水解物注射液对弥漫性轴索损伤的治疗效果。方法将128例弥漫性轴索损伤的病人随机分成脑蛋白水解物注射液治疗组(n=65)和对照组(n=63,)观察治疗早期病人的临床表现,治疗2wk格拉斯哥昏迷评分(GCS)和远期疗效。结果脑蛋白水解物注射液治疗组病人的呼吸、心率较快恢复稳定,呼吸异常(33.85%)、心率异常(40.00%)、入院两周神志清醒(36.92%)及伤后3个月恢复良好率(36.92%)显著高于对照组(P<0.05),植物生存及死亡率(20.00%)较对照组显著减少(P<0.01)。结论脑蛋白水解物注射液能有效减轻弥漫性轴索损伤病人的症状、缩短昏迷时间、改善患者预后、降低伤残及死亡率,提高生存质量。     

亲和色谱法从猪骨胶原蛋白酶解物中分离纯化血管紧张素转换酶抑制剂

目的从猪骨胶原蛋白酶解物中分离出高纯度的血管紧张素转换酶抑制剂。方法将胶原蛋白酶解物用双蒸水溶解 ,先上SephadexG 2 5柱 ,用含有 10mmol/L吡啶的 0 .6mol/L醋酸溶液洗脱 ,收集对血管紧张素转换酶有抑制作用的峰值部分冻干 ;再上血管紧张素转换酶抑制剂亲和柱洗脱 ,测定各收集管洗脱液的比抑制活力 ,收集峰值部分冻干。结果亲和色谱柱洗脱液峰值管比抑制活力达 14 5 0u/mg,为粗提液的 90 6倍 ,活力回收率为 12 .1%。结论利用亲和色谱法 ,能够从猪骨胶原蛋白酶解物中分离出高纯度的血管紧张素转换酶抑制剂。     

Tolerancia oral en artritis experimental inducida por antígeno en conejos por administración de hidrolizado de cartílago articular

Rheumatoid arthritis is an autoimmune disease characterized by polyarticular inflammation, swelling and inflammation that affects more than 1% of the world population. The pathobiology of rheumatoid arthritis involves several cell populations as T lymphocytes, B, macrófagosy fibroblasts, and a complex proinflammatory cytokines interactions. Conventional and biologic therapies do not always work or produce only a partial improvement. Immunological tolerance is a mechanism by which the immune system prevents autoreactivity. The aim of this pilot study was to evaluate the efficacy of peptides from an from articular cartilage hydrolysate extracted of tarsus (HCA) for the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis in a model of rheumatoid arthritis (AAE) in rabbits. AAE animals showed inflammation and pain within de first month of the primary immunization that was reversed in the AAE + HCA group. The control group showed a normal unnaffected synovial tissue. The AAE group revealed an inflamatory process whith synovial hyperplasia, filtering in lymphocytes and vascular proliferation. The treated group decreased significantly inflammation, lymphocyte proliferation and angiogenesis. Arthritic rabbits increased the levels in flammatory markers as nitric oxide, interferon gamma (INF-ɣ) and tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) compared to control and significantly reduced levels of interleukin 4 (IL-4). The treatment showed a significant reduction of nitricoxide, IFN-gamma and TNF-alpha and an increase in IL-4. This work suggests that this therapy may be useful in the clinical aspect and the biochemical and immune parameters. Future studies with larger numbers of animals and other laboratory parameters may provide additional evidence in this regard.     

Nutritional Ingredients Modulate Adipokine Secretion and Inflammation in Human Primary Adipocytes

Nutritional factors such as casein hydrolysates and long chain polyunsaturated fatty acids have been proposed to exert beneficial metabolic effects. We aimed to investigate how a casein hydrolysate (eCH) and long chain polyunsaturated fatty acids could affect human primary adipocyte function in vitro. Incubation conditions with the different nutritional factors were validated by assessing cell vitality with lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) release and neutral red incorporation. Intracellular triglyceride content was assessed with Oil Red O staining. The effect of eCH, a non-peptidic amino acid mixture (AA), and long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids (LC-PUFAs) on adiponectin and leptin secretion was determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Intracellular adiponectin expression and nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) activation were analyzed by Western blot, while monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1) release was explored by ELISA. The eCH concentration dependently increased adiponectin secretion in human primary adipocytes through its intrinsic peptide bioactivity, since the non-peptidic mixture, AA, could not mimic eCH’s effects on adiponectin secretion. Eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA), docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), and DHA combined with arachidonic acid (ARA) upregulated adiponectin secretion. However, only DHA and DHA/ARA exerted a potentanti-inflammatory effect reflected by prevention of tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) induced NF-κB activation and MCP-1 secretion in human adipocytes. eCH and DHA alone or in combination with ARA, may hold the key for nutritional programming through their anti-inflammatory action to prevent diseases with low-grade chronic inflammation such as obesity or diabetes.