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1.
Age-related cognitive decline is the major cause of concern due to its 70% more incidence than dementia cases worldwide. Moreover, aging is also the major risk factor of Alzheimer's disease (AD), associated with progressive memory loss. Approx. 13 million people will have Alzheimer-related memory decline by 2050. Learning and memory is the fundamental process of brain functions. However, the mechanism for the same is still under investigation. Thus, it is critical to understand the process of memory consolidation in the brain and extrapolate its understanding to the memory decline mechanism. Research on learning and memory has identified several molecular signatures such as Protein kinase M zeta (PKMζ), Calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase II (CaMKII), Brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), cAMP-response element binding protein (CREB) and Activity-regulated cytoskeleton-associated protein (Arc) crucial for the maintenance and stabilization of long-term memory in the brain. Interestingly, memory decline in AD has also been linked to the abnormality in expressing these memory-related molecular signatures. Hence, in the present consolidated review, we explored the role of these memory-related molecular signatures in long-term memory consolidation. Additionally, the effect of amyloid-beta toxicity on these molecular signatures is discussed in detail.  相似文献   
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IntroductionLong-term care hospitals (LTCHs) are at a high risk for the inflow and spread of antimicrobial resistance (AMR) pathogens. However, owing to limited laboratory resources, little is known about the extent to which AMR organisms are endemic.MethodsWe performed active surveillance for carbapenem-resistant Enterobacteriaceae (CRE) and extended-spectrum beta-lactamase-producing Enterobacteriaceae (ESBL-E) in newly admitted patients at Marugame Medical Center, a nearly 200-bedded LTCH located in Kagawa, Japan. From August to December 2021, we tested stool samples from patients wearing diapers and confirmed the genetic variants using specific PCR assays. We also collected clinical variables and compared them between AMR carriers and non-carriers.ResultsStool samples were collected from 75 patients, with a median age of 84 years. CRE strain was not detected, but 37 strains of ESBL-E were isolated from 32 patients (42.7%). During the study period, 4.9% of in-hospital patients (37 per 756 patients) were identified to be ESBL-E carriers in the routine microbiological processing, suggesting that active surveillance detected approximately 9-fold more ESBL-E carriers. The blaCTX-M-9 group was the most common (38.5%), followed by the blaTEM (26.9%). The clinical backgrounds of the ESBL-E non-carriers and carriers were not significantly different.ConclusionOur active screening demonstrated that nearly half of the patients hospitalized or transferred to a Japanese LTCH were colonized with ESBL-E. We highlight the enforcement of universal basic infection prevention techniques at LTCHs where patients carrying AMR pathogens gather.  相似文献   
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目的探究miR-146a对胰腺腺泡细胞AR42J增殖及凋亡的影响。方法通过雨蛙素诱导AR42J细胞构建急性胰腺炎模型,酶联免疫吸附实验(ELISA)检测细胞上清液中淀粉酶、TNF-α、IL-6含量验证模型构建,qRT-PCR与Western blot分别检测各组中miR-146a和TRAF6表达量的改变。转染敲低AR42J细胞中miR-146a表达量,采用Edu检测细胞敲低后增殖改变,流式细胞术检测凋亡能力改变。结果与未处理组相比,雨蛙素组细胞miR-146a表达量显著降低(P<0.05),TRAF6表达量明显升高(P<0.05),并且敲低miR-146a后AR42J细胞增殖能力明显降低,凋亡能力明显升高。结论miR-146a可能通过抑制TRAF6表达从而降低AR42J细胞凋亡并促进细胞增殖能力。  相似文献   
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Background/purpose: Rapid detection of β-lactamases is important in a recent situation where resistant bacteria are increasing. By using the drug susceptibility testing microfluidic device (DSTM), rapid screening of extended spectrum β-lactamases (ESBLs) and metallo-β-lactamases (MBLs) has become possible.Methodsβ-lactams and β-lactamase inhibitors were pre-fixed in the DSTM for use. A bacterial suspension in Mueller-Hinton broth (McF 0.25) was introduced into the device, and the effects of β-lactamase inhibitor on morphological changes caused by β-lactam were evaluated after 3 h incubation.ResultsClinical isolates genetically confirmed to produce β-lactamase were used. Of the 84 ESBL-producing strains, 80 strains (95%) turned to be ESBL positive, and five strains (6%) of them MBL were positive as well as ESBL. Four strains (5%) were negative for both ESBL and MBL. Of the 24 MBL-producing strains, 23 strains (96%) were positive for MBL. All the 43 AmpC-producing strains were negative for both ESBL and MBL. Of the 156 ESBL- and MBL-nonproducing strains, 155 strains (99%) were negative for both ESBL and MBL, and one strain was positive for ESBL. With this method, the detection sensitivity was 95% and the specificity was 100% for ESBL, whereas the detection sensitivity was 96% and the specificity was 98% for MBL. These results were not significantly different from the results of the disc diffusion method.ConclusionThe DSTM method allows rapid detection of β-lactamases in 3 h and may be a useful replacement for the disc diffusion method.  相似文献   
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目的基于JAK2/STAT3信号通路探讨大黄素保护AR42J胰腺腺泡细胞损伤的作用机制。方法将AR42J细胞以1×10~5/mL铺于6孔板,分为对照组、雨蛙素组(雨蛙素10~(-8) mol/L)、大黄素组(终浓度0.25、0.5、1.0mg/L),通过碘-淀粉比色法淀粉酶(AMS)试剂盒测定细胞上清淀粉酶活力水平,确定雨蛙素刺激AR42J胰腺腺泡细胞损伤的收样时间;ELISA法检测TNF-α活力;Western blot法分析JAK2/STAT3通路相关蛋白的表达情况。结果①与对照组比较,雨蛙素组中的AMS、TNF-α、JAK2/STAT3通路相关蛋白表达量显著提高,差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。②与雨蛙素组比较,大黄素各干预组可显著降低雨蛙素诱导的胰腺腺泡细胞损伤的淀粉酶活力、TNF-α含量、JAK2和STAT3的mRNA相对表达量,差异有统计学意义(P0.01)。③大黄素0.5、1.0 mg/L干预组的作用优于0.25 mg/L干预组,差异有统计学意义(P0.001)。结论大黄素能够减轻雨蛙素诱导的胰腺腺泡细胞损伤,其作用机制可能与调控JAK2/STAT3信号通路有关。  相似文献   
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PurposeTo determine the prognostic effect of upper tract urothelial carcinoma (UTUC) with variant histology (VH) after radical nephroureterectomy (RNU).Patients and MethodsThe data of 1173 patients who received RNU for UTUC without neoadjuvant chemotherapy in 11 institutions between 2002 and 2016 were retrospectively reviewed. A matched propensity score analysis was performed. Clinicopathologic variables, recurrence-free survival (RFS), cancer-specific survival (CSS), and overall survival (OS) were compared between patients with pure UTUC and patients with UTUC and VH. Univariate and multivariate Cox proportional regression models were used to determine the independent variables associated with oncologic outcomes.ResultsUTUC with VH was observed in 93 patients (7.9%). After propensity score matching, UTUC with VH showed no difference in clinicopathologic features compared to pure UTUC; however, it was associated with shorter RFS, CSS, and OS (log rank, P = .011, P = .002, P = .006, respectively). Additionally, the multivariate analysis revealed that VH was independently associated with a poor RFS [hazard ratio (HR) = 1.92; 95% confidence interval (CI), 1.27-2.89; P = .002], CSS (HR = 4.47; 95% CI, 1.99-10.1; P = .001), and OS (HR = 3.00; 95% CI, 1.55-5.78; P = .001). However, the Kaplan-Meier method revealed that differences in RFS, CSS, and OS were not significant in patients who received adjuvant chemotherapy (log rank, P = .562, P = .060, P = .153, respectively).ConclusionUTUC with VH was independently associated with poor oncologic outcomes in patients with UTUC after RNU. Although patients with UTUC and VH had a poor prognosis compared to patients with pure UTUC, adjuvant chemotherapy would be helpful in improving the survival rates of these patients.  相似文献   
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目的 探讨喀什地区少数民族的主动脉疾病基因突变类型,分析其与临床表型的相关性。方法 利用二代测序技术对包含马凡综合征在内的19例新疆维吾尔族主动脉疾病家系的37个相关致病基因进行基因检测|、分析,并对其近亲家属完成sanger验证。结果 本研究纳入19个主动脉疾病家系,共检测出23个突变位点,有11例先证者(57.89%)存在一个或以上的基因突变。其中有1例(5.26%)为明确的致病性突变;8例(42.11%)检测出意义未明性突变;7例(36.84%)检测出良性/可能良性突变。23个突变位点中包括有1个(5.26%)明确的致病性突变位点,14个(60.87%)意义未明的基因突变,8个(34.78%)良性/可能良性突变。对14个意义未明突变位点采用SIFT及Polyphen2 HDIV软件预测,发现6个(42.86%)为有害性/可能有害性 突变。对8个良性/可能良性突变位点进行上述软件预测,结果均为有害性/可能有害性突变。结论 本研究发现了23个突变位点,其中22个尚待以后更多的患者数据进行验证。基因诊断有助于患者及其近亲属的早期诊断及鉴别诊断。  相似文献   
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目的 通过检测胆囊癌患者β-纤维蛋白原(Fgβ)-455G/A基因,探讨Fgβ-455G/A基因多态性与胆囊癌的相关性。方法 采集50 例胆囊癌患者(胆囊癌组)和50 例胆囊结石伴慢性胆囊炎患者(胆囊炎组)的静脉血,应用基质辅助激光解吸电离飞行时间质谱(MALDI-TOF-MS)方法对Fgβ-455进行基因分型。 结果 Fgβ-455 基因GA杂合型和AA纯合子在胆囊癌中的频率显著高于胆囊炎组,显著增加胆囊癌发生的危险性,OR值(95%CI)分别为2.526(1.052~6.068)和4.306(1.177~15.749)。结论 Fgβ-455G/A位点G/A单个碱基的改变可能在胆囊癌的发病中起着重要的作用。  相似文献   
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