How a Child's Blood Pressure is Related to Psychological Influences Some Results with R. Zazzo's Bestiary Test

The purpose of the study was to investigate the relationships between some psychological characteristics and blood pressure. We used the Bestiary Test which gives an impression of the child's psychological characteristics and his way of coping with personal conflicts. The test was applied to 766 children between the ages of 4-10 years. By discriminant analysis we established relations between systolic blood pressure, and the responses to the test. By correspondence analysis we found that hypertensive children have a tendency to perceive human relationships, especially those between males and females, as aggressive.     

网络成瘾住院患者冲动、攻击性人格特点及治疗转归

目的 了解网络成瘾住院患者冲动、攻击性人格特点以及经过综合性网瘾戒治后转归情况.方法 采用Barratt冲动性量表(BIS)、Buss行为攻击问卷(BAS)、症状自评量表(SCL-90)分别对58例网络成瘾住院患者在入院1周内和综合性网瘾戒治3月后进行评估,并与54例正常对照比较.结果 ①IAD组治疗前冲动、攻击量表各因子分以及总分均比正常对照组高[BIS评分(99.3±15.1)分,(75.0±15.4)分,t=8.47,P＜0.01;BAS评分(78.3±24.4)分,(54.8±17.7)分,t=5.87,P＜0.01];治疗后冲动、攻击量表除躯体攻击外,其余各因子分以及总分明显降低但仍比正常对照高[BIS评分(86.3±16.6)分,(75.0±15.4)分,t=4.98,P＜0.01;BAS评分(66.2±22.6)分,(54.8±17.7)分,t=3.65,P＜0.01];②IAD组SCL-90总分与BAS量表总分存在显著相关性(r=0.376,P＜0.01),治疗后SCL-90总分降低值与BAS降低值亦存在相关(r=0.508,P＜0.01).结论 网络成瘾组冲动、攻击性比正常对照组高,经治疗后其冲动、攻击性降低,但仍高于对照组.

Abstract：

Objective To explore the impulsivity and aggressivity,and its treatment outcomes of the inpatients with intemet addiction disorder (IAD) by intergration interview. Methods Barratt Impulsiveness Scale ( BIS), Buss Aggressive Scale (BAS) were used to assess the impulsiveness and aggressivity in 58 IAD patients, at the first week and after the point of intergration interview 3 months,54 normal subjects in the control group were conducted by BIS and BAS only when they were recruited. Results ①The intemet addiction group had significantly higher scores on the BIS and BAS total scores than the control group at the first week ( BIS score 99.3 ±15. 1vs 75.0 ± 15.4, t=8.47, P＜0. 01; BAS score 78.3 ±24.4 vs 54.8 ± 17.7, t=5.87 , P＜0. 01 ). IAD group had lower scores on the total scores of BIS-Ⅱ and BAS after intergration interview than before, but the subscales and total scores were higher than those in the control group ( BIS score 86.3 ± 16.6 vs 75.0 ± 15.4, t =4.98, P ＜ 0.01 ;BAS score 66.2 ± 22.6 vs 54.8 ± 17.7, t = 3.65, P ＜ 0. 01 ). ②Total score of SCL-90 in IAD group were significantly correlated with the BAS total score ( r=0. 376, P＜0. 01 ) ,and the decreased SCL-90 total score was also related with the decreased BAS score ( r= 0.508, P＜ 0. 01 ). Conclusion This study suggests that IAD group exhibit more impulsivity and aggressivity than those in the control group. After interview, their impulsivity and aggressivity are significantly decreased, but are still higher than those in the normal control group.     

Behavioral disorders: The ‘blind spot’ of neurology and psychiatry

Behavioral disorders occupy the crossroads between neurology and psychiatry, and emerging disorders, such as frontotemporal lobar degeneration of genetic origin and autoimmune encephalitis, can present with both neurological and psychiatric signs. Thus, the primary aim of this introductory article is to review frequently encountered behavioral clinical features, such as apathy and agitation, and their related syndromes, including frontal and anterior temporal syndromes. These behavioral states and their underlying etiologies are also here illustrated with clinical case reports. In addition, this review highlights the idea that in order to progress in the understanding and management of behavioral disorders, there needs to be a strong interest towards developing new forms of cooperation between neurologists, psychiatrists and neuroscientists, such as those who work at university-based hospital neuropsychiatric clinical units.     

青少年人格冲动性与攻击性的关系：同胞关系的作用路径

背景 我国正从独生子女家庭进入多子女家庭,探索同胞关系在青少年人格冲动性与攻击性之间的作用机制,对促进青少年心理健康以及维护社会和谐稳定有着重要意义。目的 探讨同胞关系在青少年人格冲动性与攻击性之间的作用路径,为青少年暴力攻击行为的预防提供参考。方法 于2023年2月—4月,采用随机抽样方法选取四川省某县12所中小学共986名有同胞关系的学生作为研究对象。采用Barratt冲动性量表（BIS-11）、Buss和Perry攻击问卷中文版（AQ-CV）以及同胞关系问卷（SRQ）进行横断面调查。采用Pearson相关分析考查各量表评分的相关性。使用Bootstrap法检验同胞关系在人格冲动性与攻击性之间的作用路径。结果 BIS-11总评分与AQ-CV总评分、SRQ中的冲突维度评分、争宠维度评分均呈正相关（r=0.485、0.276、0.280,P均<0.01）,与SRQ温暖/亲密维度评分呈负相关（r=-0.383,P<0.01）;AQ-CV总评分与SRQ冲突维度评分、争宠维度评分均呈正相关（r=0.387、0.340,P均<0.01）,与温暖/亲密维度评分呈负相关（r=-0.304,P<0.01）;SRQ温暖/亲密维度评分与冲突维度评分、争宠维度评分均呈负相关（r=-0.307、-0.375,P均<0.01）;SRQ冲突维度评分与争宠维度评分呈正相关（r=0.267,P<0.01）;青少年人格冲动性水平对攻击性水平的总效应为0.480（P<0.01）;同胞关系在青少年人格冲动性与攻击性之间起中介作用,其中温暖/亲密维度的间接效应值为0.054,冲突维度的间接效应值为0.075,争宠维度的间接效应值为0.062,效应量分别为11.21%、15.70%、12.93%。结论 青少年的人格冲动性可以直接影响攻击性,同胞关系可能是将人格冲动性和攻击性联系起来的重要渠道。     

Serotonin, impulsivity, and alcohol use disorders in the older adolescent: a psychobiological study

BACKGROUND: Alcohol use disorders (AUDs) among adolescents are associated with a high prevalence of conduct disorder (CD), much as type II alcoholism in adults is associated with impulsive-aggressive behavior and antisocial personality traits. Adults with impulsive personality disorders and AUD demonstrate diminished central serotonergic responsiveness to serotonergic agonists. Dysregulation of central serotonergic function may contribute to a vulnerability to impulsive-aggressive behavior, CD, and AUD. We studied older adolescents, both male and female, to examine the relationships between sex, dispositional impulsivity, aggressivity, CD, and responsiveness to serotonergic challenge with d,l fenfluramine (FEN) early in the development of AUD. METHODS: Thirty-six adolescents between the ages of 16 and 21 years were assessed for DSM-IV AUD and other Axis I disorders by using the Psychoactive Substance Use Disorders section of the Structured Clinical Interview for DSM III-R, the Schedule for Affective Disorders and Schizophrenia for School-Age Children-Present and Lifetime Version, and CD interviews. Impulsivity and aggressivity were assessed by the Barratt Impulsiveness Scale, Lifetime History of Aggression, Buss-Durkee Hostility Inventory, Eysenck Impulsiveness Questionnaire, Youth Self Report, and Multidimensional Personality Questionnaires. FEN was administered as 0.8 mg/kg to a maximum of 60 mg, and blood was sampled at fixed intervals for prolactin, cortisol, fenfluramine, and norfenfluramine levels. RESULTS: Eighteen adolescents (12 male, 6 female) with AUD scored significantly higher on all measures of impulsivity and aggressivity compared with 18 healthy controls (12 male, 6 female). There were no significant differences between groups in peak prolactin or cortisol responses (minus baseline), or area-under-the-curve determinations (AUC); however, 9 subjects with AUD and comorbid CD had significantly elevated cortisol AUC levels compared with subjects with AUD and no CD or with normal controls. In the total sample, cortisol AUC was associated positively with measures of aggression. CONCLUSIONS: Adolescents with early-onset AUD are characterized by impulsivity and aggressivity compared with healthy peers but do not demonstrate the diminished prolactin or cortisol responses to FEN characteristic of adult alcoholics with impulsive-aggression.     

Increased aggression and toxicity in grouped male mice treated with tranquilizing benzodiazepines

N-demethyldiazepam, diazepam and oxazepam incorporated in the diet were fed to albino Swiss male and female mice (10–50 mg per day per kg of body weight) for 6 months. Increased mortality was observed in grouped male mice but not in female or isolated male mice. Multiple skin lesions and necroses found in grouped male mice were probably due to increased aggression.     

抑郁情绪在大学生功能失调性态度与攻击性关系间的中介作用

目的 探究功能失调性态度与攻击性的相关性,以及抑郁情绪在功能失调性态度和攻击性之间的中介作用,以探究保护大学生心理健康的因素.方法 对山东省内1050名在校大学生进行问卷调查,分析功能失调性态度与攻击性的相关性,以及抑郁情绪在功能失调性态度和攻击性间的中介作用.结果 不同性别的大学生在身体攻击性、言语攻击性、敌意、指向自我的攻击性、强制性、寻求赞许、认知哲学因子和抑郁情绪的差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05),是否为独生子女愤怒因子的差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);功能失调性态度与除认知哲学与言语性攻击、愤怒外的各攻击性因子均相关(P<0.05),抑郁情绪在功能失调性态度和攻击性间起部分中介效应,占全部作用的16.32%.结论 功能失调性态度与攻击性相关,抑郁在功能失调性态度和攻击性之间起部分中介作用.