多功能套针浮刺疗法治疗神经根型颈椎病——一项随机对照观察研究＊

目的 评价多功能套针浮刺疗法对神经根型颈椎病的临床疗效。方法 选取256例神经根型颈椎病患者，按随机数字表法分为观察组与对照组各128例。观察组应用多功能套针浮刺疗法进行干预，对照组为常规针刺治疗。两组患者均治疗7天。分别于治疗前后观察两组患者的简化McGill疼痛问卷（SF-MPQ）、国际标准颈椎功能障碍指数（NDI）和田中靖久颈椎病症状20分法量表评分，并于治疗结束后3个月观察复发率。结果 两组患者治疗后的SF-MPQ量表评分、NDI量表评分及田中靖久颈椎病症状20分法评分与治疗前相比均有改善（P<0.05），且观察组优于对照组（P<0.05）；两组患者于治疗后3个月随访，SF-MPQ量表评分与治疗后相比均有改善，且观察组优于对照组（P<0.05）；观察组临床疗效总有效率为96.88%，愈显率为81.25%；对照组总有效率为78.13%，愈显率为46.88%，观察组优于对照组（P<0.05）。结论 应用多功能套针浮刺疗法治疗神经根型颈椎病临床疗效显著，见效较快，可有效降低其复发率，且作用稳定，效果持久，值得临床推广应用。     

Filiform needle acupuncture for allergic rhinitis: A systematic review and meta-analysis

BackgroundFiliform needle acupuncture (FNA), the most classical and widely applied acupuncture method based on traditional Chinese medicine theory, has shown a promising effect in the treatment of allergic rhinitis (AR).ObjectiveTo evaluate the efficacy, safety, cost-effectiveness, and patient preference of FNA in the treatment of AR by comparing FNA with sham acupuncture, no treatment, and conventional medication.Search strategyEight electronic databases were systematically searched from inception to October 14, 2021. Additional studies were acquired from clinical trial registration platforms and reference lists.Inclusion criteriaRandomized controlled trials were included if they compared FNA with either sham acupuncture, no treatment or conventional medication for AR.Data extraction and analysisTwo researchers extracted data independently of each other using a predesigned data acquisition form, and results were cross-checked after completion. The primary outcome was symptom score (Total Nasal Symptom Score or Visual Analogue Scale), and the secondary outcomes were the AR control questionnaire, quality of life (QoL) score (Different versions of Rhinoconjunctivitis Quality of Life Questionnaire), medication score (use of rescue medication), mental health score, total IgE, adverse event rate, clinical economic indicators, and patient satisfaction score. Standardized mean difference (SMD) or mean difference (MD) with 95% confidence interval was used to calculate the effect size for continuous data, while risk ratio with 95% CI was used for dichotomous data.ResultsThirty studies were included in this review. Compared with sham acupuncture, FNA significantly reduced the symptom score (SMD: ?0.29 [?0.43, ?0.15]), AR’s impact on QoL (SMD: ?0.23 [?0.37, ?0.08]) and medication score (SMD: ?0.3 [?0.49, ?0.11]). Compared with no treatment, FNA dramatically reduced the symptom score (SMD: ?0.8 [?1.2, ?0.39]) and AR’s impact on QoL (SMD: ?0.82 [?1.13, ?0.52]). There were no increased rates of adverse events with FNA compared to sham acupuncture and no treatment. FNA increased patient satisfaction and may be cost-effective. Most pieces of evidence from the above two comparisons were of high confidence. Moreover, FNA significantly outperformed conventional medication in reducing the symptom score (SMD: ?0.48 [?0.85, ?0.1]) and displayed a lower rate of adverse events, but the quality of evidence was very low.ConclusionFNA is an effective and safe intervention for AR and can help with symptom relief, QoL improvement, reducing medication usage, and increasing patient satisfaction. Further studies are needed to verify its cost-effectiveness and superiority over conventional medication and the best therapeutic strategies.     

Quantification of exhaled propofol is not feasible during single-lung ventilation using double-lumen tubes: A multicenter prospective observational trial

Background

Volatile propofol can be measured in exhaled air and correlates to plasma concentrations with a time delay. However, the effect of single-lung ventilation on exhaled propofol is unclear. Therefore, our goal was to evaluate exhaled propofol concentrations during single-lung compared to double-lung ventilation using double-lumen tubes.

Methods

In a first step, we quantified adhesion of volatile propofol to the inner surface of double-lumen tubes during double- and single-lumen ventilation in vitro. In a second step, we enrolled 30 patients scheduled for lung surgery in two study centers. Anesthesia was provided with propofol and remifentanil. We utilized left-sided double-lumen tubes to separately ventilate each lung. Exhaled propofol concentrations were measured at 1-min intervals and plasma for propofol analyses was sampled every 20 min. To eliminate the influence of dosing on volatile propofol concentration, exhalation rate was normalized to plasma concentration.

Results

In-vitro ventilation of double-lumen tubes resulted in increasing propofol concentrations at the distal end of the tube over time. In vitro clamping the bronchial lumen led to an even more pronounced increase (Δ AUC +62%) in propofol gas concentration over time. Normalized propofol exhalation during lung surgery was 31% higher during single-lung compared to double-lung ventilation.

Conclusion

During single-lung ventilation, propofol concentration in exhaled air, in contrast to our expectations, increased by approximately one third. However, this observation might not be affected by change in perfusion-ventilation during single-lung ventilation but rather arises from reduced propofol absorption on the inner surface area of the double-lumen tube. Thus, it is only possible to utilize exhaled propofol concentration to a limited extent during single-lung ventilation.

Registration of Clinical Trial

DRKS-ID DRKS00014788 ( www.drks.de ).     

Resistencia a los anestésicos locales: ¿verdad o mito?

The report of anesthetic technique failure is crucial and the etiology of the problem should be determined. We describe a case of locoregional anesthesia failure, in which, after excluding its most common causes, the resistance to local anesthetics was considered as the most probable clinical hypothesis. For this reason, a genetic test was performed, as well as the efficacy of other local anesthetics was evaluated, constituting a different approach in the cases of locoregional anesthesia failure. True resistance to local anesthetics is difficult to diagnose so information about this is scarce in the literature. One of the proposed causes is a mutation of sodium channels where local anesthetics bind. If not recognized, the application of locorregional anesthesia in this patient's condition can lead to unpleasant experiences and unnecessary risks, related to toxic levels of local anesthetics. For this reason, the resistance to local anesthetics should be always precluded in cases of strong clinical suspicion. This approach could be applied in similar cases.     

The Newborn Infant Parasympathetic Evaluation (NIPE™) monitor predicts post-operative pain in children undergoing day-procedures: A prospective observational study

BackgroundPain assessment is essential for the administration of appropriate analgesia. Currently, clinicians use surrogate methods, such as heart rate or behavioural pain scales, to estimate pain in neonates and infants. The Newborn and Infant Parasympathetic Evaluation (NIPE™) monitor aims to provide an objective numeric value (NIPE index) of pain through a continuous assessment of the patient's parasympathetic activity. The aim of this study was to determine if the intraoperative NIPE index monitoring could predict postoperative pain in neonates and infants.MethodsThis prospective observational pilot study included neonates and infants undergoing elective day-surgical procedures (n = 50). Intraoperatively, NIPE indices at 0 (NIPE₀), 10 (NIPE₁₀), 20 (NIPE₂₀), 30 (NIPE₃₀) minutes and at completion of surgery (NIPEe), were recorded; the median NIPE index (NIPEm) was calculated for the entire procedure. Postoperative Face, Legs, Activity, Cry, Consolability (FLACC) scale scores were calculated by the nursing staff blinded to the intraoperative NIPE indices.ResultsLinear regression documented an association between the NIPEm and postoperative FLACC score at 0 (r = 0.31, p = 0.03) and 10 min (r = 0.36, p = 0.01). No significant associations were observed for FLACC scores at 20 (r = 0.21, p = 0.2) and 30 min (r = 0.36, p > 0.9). Multiple regression analysis revealed that intraoperative NIPE₁₀, NIPE₂₀, NIPE₃₀ and NIPEe also predicted the FLACC score at 0 min (p = 0.003).ConclusionThe intraoperative NIPE index is predictive of pain in the immediate postoperative period. This association was lost at 20 min likely due to nursing intervention to administer analgesia. NIPE monitoring could be useful in facilitating postoperative pain management in infants.Level of evidenceII.Type of studyStudy of Diagnostic Test.     

加味黄芪桂枝五物汤联合醒脑开窍针刺法治疗脑卒中后肩手综合征的临床观察

目的:观察加味黄芪桂枝五物汤联合醒脑开窍针刺法治疗脑卒中后肩手综合征(SHS)的临床疗效及对神经源性炎症介质和血液流变学指标的影响。方法:将148例患者随机按数字表法分为对照组和观察组各74例。两组口服双氯芬酸钠缓释片,75 min/次,1次/d,连续2～4周;肿胀明显,口服醋酸泼尼松片,10 min/次,1次/d,连续1～2周。并采用醒脑开窍针刺法,1次/d,6次/周;对照组口服脑心通胶囊,4粒/次,3次/d,观察组内服加味黄芪桂枝五物汤,1剂/d。两组疗程均为连续治疗4周。进行对治疗前后肩手综合征评估量表(SHSS)评分,记录疼痛、肿胀消失时间;进行治疗前后Fugl-Meyer功能量表上肢部分评分(U-FMA),日常生活活动能力(ADL)评分和气虚血瘀证评分;检测治疗前后降钙素基因相关肽(CGRP),P物质(SP),缓激肽(BK)水平和血液流变学指标。结果:观察组患者的临床疗效优于对照组(Z=2. 106,P0. 05);观察组SHSS量表的感觉、自主神经、运动3个维度评分和SHSS总分均低于对照组(P0. 01);观察组疼痛、肿胀消失时间均短于对照组(P0. 01);观察组患者U-FMA,ADL评分均高于对照组(P0. 01),气虚血瘀证评分低于对照组(P0. 01);观察组CGRP水平高于对照组(P0. 01),SP和BK水平均低于对照组(P0. 01);观察组的全血黏度(高切、低切)、血浆黏度、纤维蛋白原和血小板聚集率等均低于对照组(P0. 05)。结论:在西医常规治疗的基础上,内服加味黄芪桂枝五物汤配合醒脑开窍针刺疗法可减轻SHS严重程度和中医临床证候,缩短病程,改善上肢运动功能,并可抑制神经源性炎症反应,改善血液流性,提高患者的日常生活活动能力和临床疗效。     

《经穴解》学术特色及学术影响探析

《经穴解》为明末清初齐鲁针灸医家岳含珍所著,全书学术特色鲜明:从分经辨证、病候辨证、人迎寸口脉辨证三方面了阐述了经络辨证的价值,积极探讨经络与脏腑之间的联系。注重经络辨证与脏腑辨证相结合;从腧穴的主治功能、经脉循行交会与气血盛衰的关系、地理方位等多角度对书中穴名进行解释,可以窥探分析穴位的气血盛衰,提供了认知腧穴的基本思路;以“五脏互藏”理论为指导阐述腧穴主治病证,体现了其从整体辨证论治、注重经络与脏腑关联的学术特点,揭示了脏腑之间的复杂联系。该书论述全面细致,阐释深入简出,为现代针灸临床提供借鉴,促进了齐鲁医学的传承与发展。     

周围性面神经麻痹的针刺时机探析

周围性面神经麻痹是临床常见的多发病,在治疗上多采用针刺治疗,而针刺的时机异同,会直接影响病患的恢复效果。现代医学研究普遍认为,急性期面瘫,面神经炎症,多发生水肿,不应尽快针刺治疗;而针灸临床多数报道表明,早期给予针刺,能有效提高临床有效率。因此,对于针刺时机则需进一步加强其标准化。本文则主要通过对近几年文献的检索,探索最佳针刺时机在面神经麻痹中的临床应用。