Laparoscopic Single-port Subtotal Hysterectomy: Technique and Advantages

Single-port laparoscopy aims to extend the benefits of minimally invasive surgery by reducing surgical trauma and enhancing patient recovery. Current evidence suggests that single-port hysterectomy is feasible, safe, and equally effective as compared with conventional laparoscopic hysterectomy, although global uptake of this approach has been geographically limited. To our knowledge, this is the first report of a single-port subtotal hysterectomy described in Canada.This online video discusses the technique and perioperative outcomes of a laparoscopic subtotal hysterectomy performed on a 47-year-old woman with severe dysmenorrhea refractory to medical management. In this case, the cervix was conserved in accordance with the patient's preference. The set-up for single-port entry consisted of widely available materials, and total equipment cost for the procedure was $230. The duration of the procedure was 2 hours. The patient was discharged the same day as surgery without the need for postoperative narcotics, and she endorsed a high level of satisfaction with wound cosmesis 6 weeks after surgery. Although the results of this single case cannot be generalized, they are consistent with prior studies underlining the feasibility and effectiveness of a single-port approach for laparoscopic hysterectomy.     

MRI量化指标对产前胎盘植入选择治疗方案的预测价值

目的探讨MR对胎盘植入产前治疗方案选择的应用价值。方法回顾性分析29例确诊为胎盘植入的产前MRI图像,观察指标包括胎盘植入部位、胎盘植入附着面的最大径线D_1、D_1与胎盘最大径线D_2比值D_(1/2)、胎盘植入部位T2WI低信号影距离子宫肌层的长度L_1、L_1与胎盘厚度L_2比值L_(1/2)及胎盘植入部位T2WI低信号基底宽R。针对子宫切除与否,采用Fisher精确概率检验、独立样本t检验和ROC曲线对各参数进行统计学分析。结果胎盘植入部位(P=1.000)、基底宽R(t=1.08,P=0.299)对子宫切除与否的均数比较差异不具有统计学意义;D_1(t=4.44,P=0.001)、D_(1/2)(t=6.04,P=0.000)、L_1(t=5.05,P=0.000)、L_(1/2)(t=4.77,P=0.000)两者之间均数差别具有统计学意义,子宫切除的临界值分别为72.75mm、0.205、17.50mm、0.409,其相应ROC曲线下面积(AUC)分别为0.922、0.956、0.944、0.917。结论 MR对胎盘植入产前治疗方案的选择具有一定参考价值。     

Laparoscopic versus open radical hysterectomy in women with early stage cervical cancer: A systematic review and meta-analysis

This review aimed to evaluate the short term and long-term outcomes of laparoscopic radical hysterectomy (LRH) versus abdominal radical hysterectomy (ARH) for early-stage cervical cancer. A search of PubMed, Medline and Scopus databased from 2000 to 2018 was conducted. Thirty studies were retrieved including 22 retrospective cohort studies and 8 prospective cohort studies. LRH was comparable with ARH in 5-year overall survival (RR = 1.0. 95%CI 0.98–1.03; p = 0.33) and 5-year disease-free survival (RR = 1.02 95%CI 0.97–1.06; p = 0.98). The majority of included studies reported the negative cancer factors which drive adjuvant therapy were similar between two approaches. LRH was associated with lower blood loss and blood transfusion, less postoperative complication, shorter hospital stays and similar intraoperative complication rate compared to ARH. Our data suggested LRH for early-stage cervical cancer was as safe and effective in terms of long-term outcomes, but with lower surgical morbidities.     

Evaluation of the Effect of Routine Antibiotic Administration after Uterine Artery Embolization on Infection Rates

PurposeTo evaluate the effect of routine administration of post-procedural antibiotics following elective uterine artery embolization (UAE) on infectious complication rates.Materials and MethodsThe charts of patients who underwent UAE between January 2013 and September 2019 were retrospectively reviewed. Prior to January 15, 2016, all patients received post-procedural antibiotics with 500 mg of ciprofloxacin twice a day orally for 5 days. After January 15, 2016, none of the patients received post-procedural antibiotics. All patients in both groups received pre-procedural intravenous antibiotics. The post-procedural antibiotics group included 217 patients (age, 44.7 ± 6 years); the no-antibiotics group included 158 patients (age, 45.4 ± 5.6 years). Patients in the no-antibiotics group had a significantly higher rate of diabetes mellitus (P = .03) but fewer cases of adenomyosis (P = .048). Otherwise, demographic and fibroid characteristics were similar between the groups.ResultsSix infectious complications (6/375, 1.6%) were recorded. No statistically significant difference (P = .66) was observed in the number of infections between the post-procedural antibiotics group (4/217, 1.8%) and the no-antibiotics group (2/158, 1.3%). Three of the 6 infectious complications presented with malodorous vaginal discharge (3/375, 0.8%) and received nominal therapy. The 3 remaining complications (0.8%) were considered major and included 2 patients (0.5%) who underwent hysterectomy and 1 patient (0.3%) who underwent myomectomy. The major infection rate was 0.9% (2/217) in the post-procedural antibiotics group and 0.7% (1/158) in the no-antibiotics group (P = 1). There were no 90-day post-procedural mortalities.ConclusionsDiscontinuation of routine post-procedural antibiotics with ciprofloxacin after elective UAE did not result in increased rates of infectious complications within the first 90 days post procedure.     

Uterine artery ligation at its origin following retroperitoneal space development decreases blood loss during single-port total laparoscopic hysterectomy

ObjectiveThis study aimed to determine risk factors associated with the failure of uterine artery ligation at its origin following development of the retroperitoneal space (UALr) and evaluated its efficacy in decreasing estimated blood loss (EBL) during single-port total laparoscopic hysterectomy (SP-TLH).Materials and methodsThis study includes patient data collected prospectively from May 1st, 2013 to establish a registry for single-port surgery. Data for the present study were collected retrospectively from May 1st, 2013 to August 30th, 2016. Patients who underwent SP-TLH for a symptomatic benign disease. When bilateral UALr was performed successfully, the case was classified as part of the UALr success group. When only unilateral UALr was completed or UALr failed, the case was classified as part of the failure group. We compared patients’ baseline characteristics and surgical outcomes between the two groups.ResultsBilateral UALr was successfully performed in 155 cases and failed in 64 patients. Body Mass Index (BMI) was significantly different between the two groups (24.1 kg/m2 vs. 22.86 kg/m2, p = 0.025). A BMI higher than 23.6 kg/m² was a risk factor for UALr failure in a multivariate analysis (odds ratio = 2.42, p = 0.004). EBL was significantly lower in the UALr success group compared to the UALr failure group (100 [100.0–200.0] vs. 200 [100.0–250.0], p < 0.001), and incidence of Hb decrease of more than 2 g/dl was higher in the UALr failure group (36.1% vs. 54.7%, p = 0.017).ConclusionWe identified higher BMI as a risk factor for UALr failure and demonstrated the safety and efficacy of UALr in reducing blood loss during SP-TLH.     

Long-term outcomes after elective sterilization procedures — a comparative retrospective cohort study of Medicaid patients

Objectives

The objectives were to compare the long-term outcomes, including hysterectomy, chronic pelvic pain (CPP) and abnormal uterine bleeding (AUB), in women post hysteroscopic sterilization (HS) and laparoscopic tubal ligation (TL) in the Medicaid population.

子宫肌瘤剔除术3种术式的临床比较

目的探讨阴式子宫肌瘤剔除术的可行性、临床效果和安全性。方法回顾性分析2003年1月至2005年6月间我院阴式子宫肌瘤剔除术患者40例(阴式组)、同期腹式子宫肌瘤剔除术患者40例(对照组)及腹腔镜肌瘤剔除术患者40例的临床资料,比较手术效果和术后恢复情况。结果平均手术时间、术中平均出血量阴式组为(56±17)m in、(199±109)m l,腹式组为(57±20)m in、(169±136)m l、腹腔镜组为(73±31)m in、(139±95)m l,3组比较,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)而阴式组患者术后的平均排气时间(1.6±0.6)d,术后平均住院时间(4.3±0.6)d,明显短于对照组腹式组(1.7±0.8)d、(6.5±1.3)d和腹腔镜组(1.4±0.7)d、(5.6±1.2)d,3组比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论阴式子宫肌瘤剔除术手术效果好,创伤小,手术并发症少,康复快,是一种值得推广的微创手术。     

Secondary Hemorrhage After Total Laparoscopic Hysterectomy

Background and Objectives:

The purpose of this study is to estimate the cumulative incidence, patient characteristics, and potential risk factors for secondary hemorrhage after total laparoscopic hysterectomy.

Methods:

All women who underwent total laparoscopic hysterectomy at Paul''s Hospital between January 2004 and April 2012 were included in the study. Patients who had bleeding per vaginam between 24 hours and 6 weeks after primary surgery were included in the analysis.

Results:

A total of 1613 patients underwent total laparoscopic hysterectomy during the study period, and 21 patients had secondary hemorrhage after hysterectomy. The overall cumulative incidence of secondary hemorrhage after total laparoscopic hysterectomy was 1.3%. The mean size of the uterus was 541.4 g in the secondary hemorrhage group and 318.9 g in patients without hemorrhage, which was statistically significant. The median time interval between hysterectomy and secondary hemorrhage was 13 days. Packing was sufficient to control the bleeding in 13 patients, and 6 patients required vault suturing. Laparoscopic coagulation of the uterine artery was performed in 1 patient. Uterine artery embolization was performed twice in 1 patient to control the bleeding.

Conclusions:

Our data suggest that secondary hemorrhage is rare but may occur more often after total laparoscopic hysterectomy than after other hysterectomy approaches. Whether it is related to the application of thermal energy to tissues, which causes more tissue necrosis and devascularization than sharp culdotomy in abdominal and vaginal hysterectomies, is not clear. A large uterus size, excessive use of an energy source for the uterine artery, and culdotomy may play a role.     

Advanced Gynecologic Laparoscopy in a Fast-Track Ambulatory Surgery Center

Background/Objectives:

It has been shown that major gynecologic laparoscopy is safe in hospital ambulatory settings, but there is little data to suggest the same in freestanding ambulatory surgery centers. This study evaluates the safety and efficacy of advanced gynecologic laparoscopic surgery using a fast-track model in freestanding ambulatory surgery centers and discusses our institution protocols.

Methods:

Retrospective, multicenter review was conducted of major gynecologic surgeries from August 1^st 2010 to September 30^th 2011 in 3 surgical centers with one primary surgeon. All patients were treated for symptomatic uterine leiomyomas and/or endometriosis. Primary outcome measures were unplanned admissions and discharge within 23 hours.

Results:

One hundred and thirty-four patients underwent major laparoscopic gynecologic surgery with a total of 160 procedures: 77 stage IV endometriosis treatment including 7 disk excisions of endometriosis from the large bowel, 3 ureteroneocystostomies and 1 partial bladder resection, 38 myomectomies, and 34 hysterectomies including 12 modified radical hysterectomies. The overall unplanned admission rate was 4.5%. One hundred and thirty-one patients (97.7%) were discharged within 24 hours after surgery. Three patients (2.2%) were transferred to the hospital postoperatively: 1 patient for observation of postoperative anemia and 2 patients for postoperative fever. Three patients (2.2%) were admitted to the hospital after discharge: 1 patient for postoperative ileus, 1 patient for postoperative fever, and 1 patient with septic pelvic thrombophlebitis. These postoperative issues all resolved without complication, and all patients had an uneventful follow-up.

Conclusions:

With appropriate resources and an experienced surgeon, advanced laparoscopic surgery can be safely performed in a fast-track ambulatory surgery center with a high rate of discharge within 23 hours and low unplanned readmission rate.     

Hysterectomy in a male? A rare case report

INTRODUCTION

Persistent Mullerian duct syndrome is a rare form of male pseudo-hermaphroditism characterized by the presence of Mullerian duct structures in an otherwise phenotypically, as well as genotypically, normal man; only a few cases have been reported in the worldwide literature. A great variety of organs have been found in indirect inguinal hernial sacs.

PRESENTATION OF CASE

We report a case of 70 year old man, father of 4 children with unilateral cryptorchidism on the right side and left-sided obstructed inguinal hernia containing uterus and fallopian tube (that is, hernia uteri inguinalis; type I male form of persistent Mullerian duct syndrome) coincidentally detected during an operation for an obstructed left inguinal hernia.

DISCUSSION

PMDS is usually coincidently detected during surgical operation, as was in our case. However pre-operative ultrasonography, computerized tomography and MRI allow possible pre-operative diagnosis.³

CONCLUSION

In cases of unilateral or bilateral cryptorchidism associated with hernia, as in our patient''s case, the possibility of PMDS should be kept in mind.