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1.
《Saudi Pharmaceutical Journal》2022,30(10):1486-1496
IntroductionPreclinical studies have demonstrated the possible anticancer effects of statins, but the synergistic effect of concomitant statin use with standard chemotherapy protocols in patients with breast cancer has not yet been investigated.AimThe current study aimed to evaluate the efficacy of concomitant pitavastatin use with neoadjuvant chemotherapy protocols in patients with breast cancer.MethodsThis study was a randomized controlled clinical trial. A total of 70 adult female patients with pathologically-proven invasive breast cancer were randomized to receive or not receive pitavastatin (2 mg) oral tablets once daily concomitantly with standard neoadjuvant chemotherapy protocols for 6 months. The primary outcomes of this study were changes in tumor size and changes to the Ki67 index. In addition, secondary outcomes were changes in cyclin D1 and cleaved caspase-3 serum levels. This study was registered at ClinicalTrials.gov (Identifier: NCT04705909).ResultsPatients in the pitavastatin group showed significantly higher median (IQR) reductions in tumor size [?19.8 (?41.5, 9.5)] compared to those in the control group [?5.0 (?15.5, 0.0), p = 0.0009]. The change in Ki67 from baseline to the end of therapy was similar between the two groups (p = 0.12). By the end of therapy, the cyclin D1 levels in the pitavastatin group were significantly decreased [median (IQR) change of ? 10.0 (?20.2, ?2.9) from baseline], whereas the control group showed an increase in cyclin D1 levels [14.8 (4.1, 56.4)]. The median (IQR) caspase?3 was elevated in the pitavastatin group 1.6 (0.2, 2.2), and decreased in the control group (?0.2 (?1.1, 0.0), p = 0.0002).Subgroup analysis of the pitavastatin group revealed that patients with positive human epidermal growth receptor 2 (HER2) had higher median (IQR) reductions in Ki67 [?35.0 (?70.0, ?12.5)] than those with negative HER2 [2.5 (?15.0, 10.0), p = 0.04]. All patients who achieved a complete pathological response (n = 9) exhibited an HER2-neu positive receptor at baseline.ConclusionConcomitant use of pitavastatin with standard neoadjuvant chemotherapy protocols may improve neoadjuvant chemotherapy responses in patients with breast cancer.  相似文献   
2.
对1例癫痫性痉挛患儿采用促皮质素静脉给药时发生静脉外渗至局部皮肤坏死的案例进行解析。针对事件发生原因,制定并采取措施:静脉穿刺难度事前评估,优化临床监护,加强相关知识培训,以肌肉注射代替静脉滴注等,避免了此类事件的再次发生,提升了临床合理用药水平,确保了患者安全。  相似文献   
3.
BackgroundRural populations face many health disadvantages compared to urban areas. There is a critical need to better understand the current lung cancer screening landscape in these communities to identify targeted areas to improve the impact of this proven tool.MethodsData from the County Health Rankings of New Hampshire and Vermont was reviewed for population density, distribution of adult smokers, and level of education compared to the distribution of Lung Cancer Screening Facilities throughout these two states.ResultsScreening programs in southern counties of Vermont with lower levels of education have decreased access. In New Hampshire, there are no programs within 30 miles of the areas with the largest distribution of smokers, and decreased access in some areas with the lowest levels of education.ConclusionsImproving equitable access to high-quality screening services in rural regions and the creation of targeted interventions to address decreased access in areas of high tobacco use and low education is vital to decreasing the incidence of latestage presentations of lung cancer within these populations.  相似文献   
4.
BackgroundPrior reports demonstrate the expression of estrogen and progesterone receptors in high-grade gliomas (HGGs), but the relationship between hormone receptor-positive disease and risk of HHGs in patients with breast cancer (BC) remains uncharacterized.MethodsUsing the SEER 18 registries (2000–2017), we examined the temporal trend of the incidence of HGGs and BC. The standardized incidence ratio was calculated to assess the risk of subsequent HGG in BC patients.ResultsDuring the study period, the incidence of BC and HGGs remained comparable for men and women. Among 976,134 patients with BC, we found a decreased incidence of HGGs in females, but not in males. Female BC patients with hormone receptor-positive disease were at a lower risk of developing glioblastoma and anaplastic astrocytoma.ConclusionOur study findings allude to the protective role of hormone exposure in the development of HGGs, which may lead to the development of therapies targeting hormonal pathways.  相似文献   
5.
PurposeThe purpose of this study was to delineate the effects of variable hormone replacement therapies on neuromotor function in a large cohort of males with 47,XXY from birth to adulthood.MethodsA total of 270 participants aged 16 days to 17 years 11 months prenatally diagnosed with 47,XXY were assessed by their pediatric endocrinologist and were administered hormone replacement therapies accordingly. Infants and school-aged children with 47,XXY were administered neuromotor assessments during routine neurodevelopmental evaluations. For statistical analysis, participants were segregated on the basis of treatment status. Two-tailed t tests, 1-way analysis of variance, and post hoc analysis determined significant group differences on each assessment.ResultsIn infants, the early hormonal treatment (EHT) group performed significantly better than the untreated group on fine motor and motor composite domains. In school-aged children, we observed significantly improved scores on fine motor control, coordination, agility, and strength domains among males treated with EHT (or any combination thereof) compared with those who did not receive early treatment.ConclusionThe highest treated combination group was associated with the highest neuromotor function, although the EHT group also often performed better than the other groups. This suggests EHT may be essential in promoting long-term optimal neuromotor outcome in males with an additional X.  相似文献   
6.
冻融胚胎移植(frozen-thawed embryo transfer,FET)技术因具有提高累积妊娠率和降低卵巢过度刺激风险等优点被广泛应用于临床,移植胚胎质量、子宫内膜以及两者同步性是FET成功的关键因素。临床常见的子宫内膜准备方案包括自然周期、控制性卵巢刺激周期、激素替代治疗(hormone replacement treatment,HRT)周期以及降调节HRT周期。大多数妇女采用常规方案进行FET子宫内膜准备,但多囊卵巢综合征、子宫内膜异位症、子宫腺肌病、反复着床失败以及薄型子宫内膜等特殊人群,采用常规方案临床效果欠佳。垂体降调节方法是在促性腺激素释放激素激动剂(gonadotropin-releasing hormone agonist,GnRHa)垂体降调节基础上应用HRT准备子宫内膜,即降调节HRT周期较常规方案可有效改善上述特殊人群的妊娠结局。综述GnRHa降调节HRT周期的相关机制及其适宜人群。  相似文献   
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8.
目的: 分析龈上菌斑微生物与宿主血脂水平的相关性。方法: 采集68名45~60岁志愿者的龈上菌斑样本,提取总DNA并对其16S rDNA V3-V4区进行PCR扩增。扩增所得产物经Illumina MiSeq PE300平台测序后,进行OTU聚类、物种注释,并将注释到的物种(属水平)与宿主血脂水平作Spearman相关分析。采用SPSS 16.0软件包对数据进行统计学分析。结果: 68名志愿者的龈上菌斑样本测序所得平均序列数为41 929条,聚类所得OTU数为1 037,共注释到 25个门,45个纲,92个目,155个科和330个属。物种聚类热图显示68个样本具有相似的物种组成丰度模式。Spearman相关分析显示:在龈上菌斑微生物中,拟普雷沃菌属、小类杆菌属、消化链球菌属和普雷沃菌属7与宿主血清总胆固醇、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇水平呈负相关;宿主血清高密度脂蛋白胆固醇水平与奈瑟菌属的丰度呈正相关,但与普雷沃菌属2的丰度呈负相关。结论: 人群中龈上菌斑微生物的组成结构具有稳定性,与宿主血脂水平相关,可进一步探究龈上菌斑微生物作为宿主脂代谢状态的生物标志物。  相似文献   
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10.
目的探讨超声刀在甲状腺肿瘤手术中的应用效果及安全性评价。 方法选择2015年6月至2018年6月手术治疗的甲状腺瘤手术患者100例为研究对象,按随机数字表法分为超声刀组和电刀组,每组患者各50例。电刀组给予常规的高频电刀切除,超声刀组患者给予超声刀手术切除。以SPSS 22.0进行数据处理与分析,组间术中术后各项指标、TSH、PTH、PCT水平等计量资料以( ±s)表示,独立t检验;并发症发生率采用χ2检验,当P<0.05时差异有统计学意义。 结果①超声刀组患者的手术时间、术中失血量、术后引流量、术后住院时间均低于电刀组(P<0.05)。②术前两组患者的血清促甲状腺激素(TSH)、血清甲状旁腺激素(PTH)、血清降钙素原(PCT)水平比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),治疗后超声刀组患者的TSH、PTH水平均高于电刀组,而PCT水平则低于电刀组(P<0.05)。③超声刀组患者术后并发症发生率为6.0%(3/50),低于电刀组患者22.0%(11/50),差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。 结论与常规电切术相比,超声刀手术切除甲状腺肿瘤的效果更为显著,能够降低患者术中出血量、缩短手术时间,术后恢复快,且手术并发症少,安全性高,可在临床上进一步推广应用。  相似文献   
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