江苏地区1260名精神科女护士主观幸福感的调查研究

目的 了解江苏地区精神专科医院临床女护士主观幸福感的现状及影响因素,为提高精神专科医院的管理水平提供参考依据。方法 采用中文版的“总体幸福感量表”和自制的“一般情况调查表”对江苏省不同地区的6所精神专科医院1260名女护士进行调查。 结果 被调查对象主观幸福感前18项总分为(67.89±14.09)分,处于中等幸福感49～72分之间,但显著低于全国女性常模(71.00±18.00)分,两者比较,t =-2.768,差异有统计学意义(P<0.01)；经回归分析,其主要影响因素有对职业伤害的担心程度、家庭的支持程度、收入状况、医院支持系统的满意度,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.01或P<0.05)。结论 江苏地区的精神科女护士主观幸福感总体处于中等水平但显著低于全国女性常模,提高其主观幸福感可以从减少精神科护士的职业伤害、关注家庭方面影响、建立合理的薪酬体系和高效的医院支持系统4个方面努力。     

Best Practices for Counseling Adolescents about the Etonogestrel Implant

Among young persons, ease of use, high efficacy, and high acceptability makes the etonogestrel contraceptive implant an important choice for this age group. Adolescent-friendly, patient-centered counseling considers the patient's cognitive development, the influence of friends and family, as well as their own preferences and values. Age-appropriate language, graphics, and models are useful to explain contraceptive options and relevant side effects. Effectiveness, reversibility, safety, noncontraceptive benefits, and side effects are important attributes and should be discussed when teens are choosing a contraceptive method. In this review we describe suggested best practices for counseling adolescents about the etonogestrel implant so they can make informed, prudent decisions about using this contraceptive method.     

Partner Responses to Low Desire: Associations With Sexual,Relational, and Psychological Well-Being Among Couples Coping With Female Sexual Interest/Arousal Disorder

BackgroundThe experience of distressing low sexual interest/arousal—female sexual interest/arousal disorder (FSIAD)—is prevalent in women of all ages and is associated with poorer sexual, relationship, and psychological well-being than women without this difficulty. Women who are partnered are almost 5 times more likely to be distressed by low desire and to receive a diagnosis of FSIAD than unpartnered women, indicating that interpersonal factors are highly relevant, although largely neglected in past research.AimIn a dyadic cross-sectional and longitudinal study, we examined whether partner responses to FSIAD were associated with the sexual, relationship, and psychological well-being of couples, and whether any effects persisted 1 year later.MethodsWomen diagnosed with FSIAD (N = 89) completed a validated measure of perceived partner positive vs negative responses to their low sexual interest/arousal and their partners reported on their own responses, as well as measures of sexual desire, sexual satisfaction, relationship satisfaction, sexual distress, and anxiety. 1 year later, couples (N = 66) completed the outcome measures again. Data were analyzed according to the Actor-Partner Interdependence Model.OutcomesOutcomes included were the Sexual Desire Inventory–Solitary and Partner-Focused Subscales; Global Measure of Sexual Satisfaction; Female Sexual Distress Scale; Couple Satisfaction Index; and State-Trait Anxiety Inventory–Short-Form.ResultsWhen women with FSIAD perceived more positive partner responses (eg, warm, supportive, compassionate) than negative responses (eg, hostile, unsupportive, indifferent), they were more satisfied with the relationship and they and their partners reported lower anxiety. When partners reported more positive than negative responses, they had greater relationship and sexual satisfaction and lower sexual distress and anxiety. Exploratory analyses revealed that women's perceptions of their partners' responses accounted for the link between partners' own responses and women's relationship satisfaction and anxiety. Partner responses did not predict any change in outcomes over time.Clinical ImplicationsFindings support interpersonal conceptualizations of FSIAD and may inform the development of future couple-based interventions.Strengths & LimitationsThis study is one of the few dyadic investigations of FSIAD, as diagnosed via a clinical interview. Significant associations were only observed cross-sectionally, limiting causal conclusions. There was limited power to detect longitudinal effects.ConclusionMore positive responses to women's low sexual interest/arousal by partners is linked to better adjustment among couples affected by FSIAD.Rosen NO, Corsini-Munt S, Dubé JP, et al. Partner Responses to Low Desire: Associations With Sexual, Relational, and Psychological Well-Being Among Couples Coping With Female Sexual Interest/Arousal Disorder. J Sex Med 2020;17:2168–2180.     

从肝脾论治成年女性特应性皮炎

目的:特应性皮炎的发病及治疗存在很大的异质性,在治疗方面特别强调个体化治疗,本文主要总结成年女性特应性皮炎的治疗思路和方法。方法:基于肝脾两脏的生理、病理及成年女性特应性皮炎的临床表现,深入分析其病因病机及治疗方法。结果:女性成年特应性皮炎患者常肝脾同病,肝郁脾虚湿蕴和肝郁脾虚血弱是成年女性特应性皮炎的常见证型,临床可采用疏肝健脾祛湿法和疏肝健脾养血法进行治疗。典型病例中采用肝脾同调法不但可以改善患者的皮疹,也可有效缓解瘙痒和不良情绪。结论:肝脾同调法是治疗成年女性特应性皮炎的有效方法。     

滋肾清肝方治疗阴虚火旺型女性更年期失眠症临床研究

目的:观察滋肾清肝方治疗阴虚火旺型女性更年期失眠症的临床疗效。方法:将阴虚火旺型女性更年期失眠患者130例随机分为观察组和对照组,每组65例;观察组给予滋肾清肝方加减治疗,对照组给予阿普唑仑治疗,4周为1个疗程,共治疗2个疗程;观察2组患者临床疗效、睡眠质量、雌二醇(E2)、卵泡刺激素(FSH)、黄体生成素(LH)水平及不良反应发生情况。结果:治疗后,2组睡眠质量、入睡时间、睡眠效率、睡眠时间、睡眠障碍、催眠药物、日间功能障碍评分及总分均较治疗前降低(P<0.05);且观察组各项评分均低于对照组(P<0.05)。停药4周后,对照组睡眠质量、入睡时间、睡眠时间、催眠药物评分及总分较治疗后升高(P<0.05);而观察组各项评分及总分较治疗后无明显差异(P>0.05);观察组各项评分及总分均低于对照组(P<0.05)。总有效率观察组为92.31%,对照组为81.53%,2组比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。治疗后,观察组患者E2水平高于治疗前(P<0.05),FSH、LH水平低于治疗前(P<0.05);对照组E2、FSH、LH治疗前后无明显差异(P>0.05)。治疗后观察组E2、FSH、LH水平较对照组明显改善,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。治疗期间观察组未见明显不良反应,对照组不良反应发生率为9.23%,2组比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论:滋肾清肝方治疗阴虚火旺型女性更年期失眠患者,可明显提高睡眠质量,改善内分泌激素水平,且长期疗效较好,不良反应少,安全有效。