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1.
Stroke is the second leading cause of death and a major cause of disability worldwide, and biological sex is an important determining factor in stroke incidence and pathology. From childhood through adulthood, men have a higher incidence of stroke compared with women. Abundant research has confirmed the beneficial effects of estrogen in experimental ischemic stroke but genetic factors such as the X-chromosome complement can also play an important role in determining sex differences in stroke. Au...  相似文献   
2.
Regulated cell death predominantly involves apoptosis, autophagy, and regulated necrosis. It is vital that we understand how key regulatory signals can control the process of cell death. Pin1 is a cis-trans isomerase that catalyzes the isomerization of phosphorylated serine or threonine-proline motifs of a protein, thereby acting as a crucial molecular switch and regulating the protein functionality and the signaling pathways involved. However, we know very little about how Pin1-associated pathw...  相似文献   
3.
Gangliosides, sialic acid-containing sphingolipids, are major constituents of neuronal membranes. According to the number of sialic acids and the structure of the oligosaccharide chain, gangliosides can be classified as simple or complex and grouped in different ganglio-series. Hundreds of gangliosides have been identified in vertebrate cells, with different expression patterns during development and related to several physiological processes, especially in the nervous system. While GD3 and its ...  相似文献   
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<正>Glial cells play a key role during nervous system development and actively participate in all the cellular processes involved in maintaining its structural robustness and functional plasticity.In response to neuronal damage,glial cells proliferate,migrate to the injured region and change their morphology,function,and behavior  相似文献   
6.
Neuroinflammation and the NACHT, LRR, and PYD domains-containing protein 3 inflammasome play crucial roles in secondary tissue damage following an initial insult in patients with traumatic brain injury(TBI). Maraviroc, a C-C chemokine receptor type 5 antagonist, has been viewed as a new therapeutic strategy for many neuroinflammatory diseases. We studied the effect of maraviroc on TBI-induced neuroinflammation. A moderate-TBI mouse model was subjected to a controlled cortical impact device. Mara...  相似文献   
7.
<正>Mitochondria are well cha racterized by their fundamental functions in regulating cellular homeostasis,including energy and iron metabolism.These functions are essential in neurons with high metabolic demands and elongated neuronal processes.Mitochondria dynamically change morphology,localization,and activity to match neurons’spatial and temporal demands.Mitochondrial dysfunctions have been associated with many neurological disorders.  相似文献   
8.
<正>Schwann cells (SCs) are essential in the development of the peripheral nervous system(PNS),in PNS inj ury,and the aging PNS.SCs comprise greater than 90%of the nucleated cells in peripheral nerves (Campana,2007).Myelinating SCs insulate large-diameter axons,forming a 1:1relationship and promoting saltatory conduction of axonal action potentials.Non-myelinating SCs ensheathe clusters of smaller diameter axons in Remak bundles.Both types of SCs provide essential metabolic and trophic supp...  相似文献   
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<正>Epigenetics refers to herita ble and reversible processes regulating gene expression that do not involve a change to the DNA sequence.Epigenetic modifications include DNA modifications (e.g.DNA methylation a nd hydroxymethyl at ion),histone modifications,and non-coding RNAs such as micro RNAs and long-coding RNAs (Holtzman and Gersbach,  相似文献   
10.
Sirtuin 2(SIRT2) inhibition or Sirt2 knocko ut in animal models protects against the development of neurodegenerative diseases and cerebral ischemia.However,the role of SIRT2 in traumatic brain injury(TBI) remains unclear.In this study,we found that knockout of Sirt2 in a mouse model of TBI reduced brain edema,attenuated dis ruption of the blood-brain barrie r,decreased expression of the nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain-like receptor protein 3(NLRP3)inflammasome,reduced the activity of ...  相似文献   
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