Relationship of circulating chemerin and omentin levels with Th17 and Th9 cell immune responses in patients with asthma

Objective: Adipokines are correlated with immune responses in asthma, but data on the roles of chemerin and omentin in asthma are limited. This study explored the relationship of chemerin and omentin levels with Th17 and Th9 cells in asthma. Methods: Seventy-six asthmatics were divided into intermittent-to-mild persistent (n = 28), moderate persistent (n = 26) and severe persistent (n = 22) and were enrolled in the study. Additionally, 20 healthy subjects were enrolled as controls. Clinical characteristics of the subjects, the Asthma Control Test, lung function, fractional exhaled nitric oxide score, and plasma chemerin and omentin levels were evaluated, and the percentages of Th17 and Th9 cells were determined by flow cytometry. Results: The percentages of Th17 and Th9 cells were higher in the moderate-to-severe persistent asthmatics than in the intermittent-to-mild persistent asthmatics or healthy controls (p < 0.05). The severe persistent asthma group had a higher chemerin level but lower omentin levels than the control group (p < 0.05). Chemerin levels were positively correlated with Th17 and Th9 cell percentages, while omentin levels were negatively correlated with Th17 and Th9 cell percentages (p < 0.01). Conclusions: The regulatory functions of adipokines on immune responses may be associated with pathogenesis and processes of asthma.     

Omentin and chemerin and their association with obesity in women with polycystic ovary syndrome

We aimed to investigate whether overweight/obesity is associated with omentin and chemerin. The study group consisted of 81 women with Polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS) (41 lean, BMI?2 and 40 overweight or obese, BMI?>?25?kg/m²) and 61 healthy subjects (31 lean, BMI?2 and 30 overweight or obese, BMI?>?25?kg/m²; control group). The clinical, endocrine, metabolic parameters, plasma omentin and chemerin levels were measured in patients and compared to control. In all subjects with PCOS (n?=?80), serum chemerin levels were higher compared with those of the controls (n?=?58) (7.71?±?1.78?ng/mL versus 6.94?±?0.82?ng/mL, p?=?0.003). However, serum omentin levels were not significantly different between the PCOS subjects and the controls (1.55?±?0.43?ng/mL versus 1.69?±?0.37?ng/mL, p?=?0.056). The mean chemerin concentrations were significantly elevated in the obese PCOS group compared with the obese control subjects (8.98?±?1.45?ng/mL versus 7.02?±?0.67?ng/mL, p?=?0.000) and the nonobese PCOS group compared with the obese control subjects (6.57?±?1.17?ng/mL versus 7.02?±?0.67?ng/mL, p?=?0.000). In conclusion, fat mass seems to be the main determinant factor of increased chemerin and decreased omentin in women with PCOS.     

Impact of olive oil-rich diet on serum omentin and adiponectin levels: a randomized cross-over clinical trial among overweight women

This study aimed to investigate the effect of olive oil-rich diet on omentin and adiponectin concentrations. This cross-over randomized trial included 17 overweight women. Participants were assigned to consume either a usual (16% saturated fatty acids [SFA] and 8% monounsaturated fatty acid [MUFA]) or an olive oil-rich diet (16% MUFA and 8% SFA) for 6 weeks crossing over after a 2-week washout period. There was no significant difference in the changes of omentin between two dietary interventions. However, in the adjusted model for polyunsaturated fatty acids and fat mass, usual diet tended to decrease omentin levels whilst olive oil-rich diet tended to increase (?56.1?±?32.0 versus 40.6?±?32.0?ng/mL; p?=?.056). Adiponectin levels increased during two periods, but changes were greater during olive oil-rich diet with a trend toward significance (4.8?±?3.0 versus 13.4?±?3.0?μg/mL; p?=?.06). Consumption of olive oil-rich diet tended to increase omentin and adiponectin in comparison with the usual diet.     

Modulatory Role of Omentin-1 in Inflammation: Cytokines and Dietary Intake

Purpose: Obesity is known as a chronic inflammatory state whereby anti-inflammatory adipokines, such as omentin-1 levels, are decreased. The present study aims to determine omentin-1 levels in relation to dietary intake, inflammation, and immune response in healthy obese individuals.

Method: A total of 170 obese participants (body mass index [BMI] ≥ 30) were recruited in this cross-sectional study. Body composition was evaluated by a body composition analyzer, and inflammatory markers (high-sensitivity C-reactive protein [hs-CRP], interleukin (IL)-4, IL-6, IL-1β, IL-17, IL-10, IL-13, and tumor necrosis factor-alpha [TNF-α]) were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) kits.

Results: We observed associations between higher serum levels of omentin-1 and lower levels of fasting insulin, glucose, total cholesterol, IL-6, and TNF-α concentrations; higher levels of IL-13, IL-4, and IL-1β were associated with higher serum levels of omentin-1 (all p < 0.05). Omentin-1 levels were not associated with IL-10, hs-CRP, and IL-17 concentrations. We also observed associations between higher intake of saturated fatty acid (SFA) and omentin-1 levels, even after adjustment for total energy intake (p = 0.04). Women with low intake of SFA had higher levels of omentin-1 (p = 0.03); a similar relation was not observed in men.

Conclusion: Omentin-1 has an anti-inflammatory role in obesity and exerts its effects probably by inducing an increase in Th-2 cytokines comprising IL-13 and IL-4. Omentin-1 is not related to IL-17, a regulatory T cell cytokine, which modulates T helper balance. Levels of inflammatory cytokines are decreased in higher concentrations of omentin-1, except IL-1β. Lower intake of SFA may modify omentin-1 levels in women. Our study demonstrated the probable protective role of omentin-1 in obesity-related inflammation and insulin resistance.     

Therapeutic perspectives of adipocytokines

Various adipocyte-secreted factors have been described which profoundly affect insulin sensitivity and might potentially link obesity, insulin resistance and cardiovascular disease. Among those, adiponectin, visfatin and omentin appear as insulin-sensitising adipocytokines, whereas TNF-α, IL-6 and resistin induce insulin resistance. Moreover, leptin is a fat-derived key regulator of appetite and energy expenditure. Due to their profound effect on whole-body glucose and energy metabolism, adipocytokines have attracted interest as potential new therapeutics for diabetes mellitus and obesity. The current knowledge on function, regulation and therapeutic potential of various adipocytokines, as well as their clinical implications, are discussed in this review.     

内脂素、网膜素与妊娠期高血压疾病关系的研究进展

妊娠期高血压疾病(HDCP)是妊娠期特有的疾病,可造成孕产妇子痫发作,产时、产后出血,胎儿窘迫,甚至死亡,对母婴危害极大.脂肪组织是脂质储存的场所,可分泌脂肪细胞因子如肿瘤坏死因子(TNF)、白细胞介素(IL)、瘦素等,参与调节糖脂代谢及炎症反应.内脂素(visfatin)和网膜素(omentin)是近几年新发现的脂肪细胞因子,文献报道其可能对HDCP的发生、发展产生影响,但结论并未统一.     

老年糖尿病合并高血压患者血清网膜素水平与氧化应激的关系

目的探讨老年糖尿病(DM)合并高血压患者血清网膜素水平与氧化应激的关系。方法入选2015年6月至2016年12月期间在佳木斯市骨科医院内科治疗的老年2型DM患者127例,依据是否合并高血压分为2组:高血压组(n=69)和非高血压组(n=58)。另选取我院同期体检的健康老年人30名作为对照组。检测3组血清网膜素、丙二醛(MDA)、超氧化物岐化酶(SOD)、谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶(GSH-px)水平。采用SPSS 20.0统计软件进行统计学分析,两组计量资料间比较采用t检验。Pearson直线相关分析合并高血压组老年DM患者血清网膜素与MDA、SOD、GSH-px的关系。结果治疗前组间比较结果显示,与非高血压组相比,高血压组患者的网膜素、SOD和GSH-Px均进一步显著降低,而MDA水平进一步显著增加,差异均具有统计学意义(P0.01)。组内比较结果显示,与治疗前相比,高血压组患者的血清网膜素、SOD、GSH-px均显著升高,而血清MDA和MAP均显著降低,差异均具有统计学意义(P0.01)。合并高血压老年DM患者的血清网膜素水平与血清MDA(r=-0.587)和MAP(r=-0.542)水平呈显著负相关(P0.01)、与SOD(r=0.683)和GSH-px(r=0.596)水平呈显著正相关(P0.01)。结论由血清网膜素水平降低引起的氧化应激反应增强可能是老年DM患者合并高血压发病的重要原因之一。     

网膜素-1基因在老年不同糖耐量个体血清中的表达及其影响因素

目的：探讨老年不同糖耐量人群血清网膜素-1（omentin-1）水平与年龄、腰臀比（WHR）、体重指数（BMI）、血糖、胰岛素、血脂及胰岛素敏感性的关系。方法收集初诊老年2型糖尿病（DM ）患者及老年糖耐量受损（IG T ）患者,设健康老年患者为正常对照组（NGT ）,酶联免疫法测定了以上三组人群空腹和糖负荷后2 h血清网膜素-1水平,分析血清网膜素-1与年龄、血压、BMI、WHR、胰岛素抵抗指数（HOMA-IR）、血脂、血糖、胰岛素水平等的关系。结果与 NGT 组相比,DM 组空腹和糖负荷后2 h血清网膜素-1水平明显降低,IGT组网膜素-1水平介于DM组和对照组之间;肥胖组血清网膜素水平明显低于非肥胖组;相关性研究显示,血清网膜素-1水平与年龄、WHR、糖负荷后2 h血糖（2 hPG）、HbA1C、HOMA-IR均呈负相关;多元线性逐步回归分析表明WHR、糖负荷后2 h血糖（2hPG）、HbA1c分别是影响血清网膜素-1水平的独立相关因素。结论血清网膜素-1水平与老年人糖代谢状态有关,并可能在老年肥胖症及2型糖尿病的发生和发展中具有一定的作用。