Glutamate infusion associated with reduced rises of p-Copeptin after coronary surgery: Substudy of GLUTAMICS II

Background

Glutamate plays a key role for post-ischaemic recovery of myocardial metabolism. According to post hoc analyses of the two GLUTAMICS trials, patients without diabetes benefit from glutamate with less myocardial dysfunction after coronary artery bypass surgery (CABG). Copeptin reflects activation of the Arginine Vasopressin system and is a reliable marker of heart failure but available studies in cardiac surgery are limited. We investigated whether glutamate infusion is associated with reduced postoperative rises of plasma Copeptin (p-Copeptin) after CABG.

Methods

A prespecified randomised double-blind substudy of GLUTAMICS II. Patients had left ventricular ejection fraction ≤0.30 or EuroSCORE II ≥3.0 and underwent CABG ± valve procedure. Intravenous infusion of 0.125 M L-glutamic acid or saline at 1.65 mL/kg/h was commenced 10–20 min before the release of the aortic cross-clamp and then continued for another 150 min P-Copeptin was measured preoperatively and postoperatively on day one (POD1) and day three. The primary endpoint was an increase in p-Copeptin from the preoperative level to POD1. Postoperative stroke ≤24 h and mortality ≤30 days were safety outcomes.

Results

We included 181 patients of whom 48% had diabetes. The incidence of postoperative mortality ≤30 days (0% vs. 2.1%; p = .50) and stroke ≤24 h (0% vs. 3.2%; p = .25) did not differ between the glutamate group and controls. P-Copeptin increased postoperatively with the highest values recorded on POD1 without significant inter-group differences. Among patients without diabetes, p-Copeptin did not differ preoperatively but postoperative rise from preoperative level to POD1 was significantly reduced in the glutamate group (73 ± 66 vs. 115 ± 102 pmol/L; p = .02). P-Copeptin was significantly lower in the Glutamate group on POD1 (p = .02) and POD 3 (p = .02).

Conclusions

Glutamate did not reduce rises of p-Copeptin significantly after moderate to high-risk CABG. However, glutamate was associated with reduced rises of p-Copeptin among patients without diabetes. These results agree with previous observations suggesting that glutamate mitigates myocardial dysfunction after CABG in patients without diabetes. Given the exploratory nature of these findings, they need to be confirmed in future studies.     

和肽素与大内皮素-1及N末端脑钠肽对心力衰竭的预后价值

目的：通过对心力衰竭患者的随访研究,探讨和肽素与大内皮素-1（Big ET-1）及N末端脑钠肽（NT-proBNP）对心力衰竭患者的预后价值。方法研究159例心力衰竭住院患者,检测入院时血清和肽素,NT-proBNP,肌钙蛋白 I,CKMB和血浆Big ET-1与左室射血分数以及 NYHA分级。并随访观察患者出院后360～490天的心血管事件再发生情况。结果159例心力衰竭患者的中位随访385天,发生心脏事件65例。多元典型相关分析显示心力衰竭患者的年龄越大和NYHA分级越高及 LVEF越低,则心力衰竭患者的和肽素与Big ET-1及 NT-proBNP的浓度越高。Cox比例风险模型分析显示,年龄、和肽素和Big ET-1及NT-proBNP是独立的心脏事件再发生的预后因素,风险比分别为1.215,1.236,4.031和13.052。logistic回归分析显示,和肽素与 Big ET-1及 NT-proBNP是独立的心源性死亡的危险因素,优势比分别为4.003,2.477 和1.235。结论检测和肽素与Big ET-1及 NT-proBNP可对心衰患者进行心脏事件再发生的危险分层和预后分析。     

和肽素及缺血修饰白蛋白在急性有机磷农药中毒早期心肌损伤中的应用

目的：探讨和肽素（copeptin）与缺血修饰白蛋白（ischemia modified albumin, IMA）联合测定对急性有机磷农药中毒（AOPP）心肌损伤早期诊断及预后判断的临床价值。方法选择AOPP患者126例为病例组。健康体检者50例为对照组,所有患者在入院1 h内抽取静脉血3 ml,检测心肌损伤标记物、Copeptin、IMA水平。结果病例组与对照组比较,Copeptin、IMA水平均升高且有显著差异。重度与轻中度患者比较,IMA、Copeptin水平升高明显,差异有显著统计学意义（P<0.05）。经Logistic回归分析显示,Copeptin、IMA水平、重度AOPP并发症的患者出现心血管事件的危险性增加。结论早期测定Copeptin、IMA水平在AOPP中毒心肌损伤患者的早期诊断有重要意义,其浓度高低与病情轻重呈相关性,即病情越重,其含量越高。对评估预后具有重要临床价值。     

急性脑出血患者血浆N端脑钠肽前体、和肽素的检测及其临床意义

目的：探讨急性脑出血患者血浆 N 端脑钠肽前体（NT-proBNP）及和肽素与病情严重程度及脑出血量之间的关系。方法选取该院2011年12月至2013年6月期间诊断为急性脑出血患者109例（脑出血组）和同期体检的健康者32例（对照组）,对脑出血组患者和对照组健康者血浆 NT-proBNP、和肽素水平与格拉斯哥昏迷评分（GCS）进行比较。结果脑出血组血浆NT-proBNP 及和肽素水平明显高于对照组,随病情严重程度及出血量增加呈显著升高,差异有统计学意义（P ＜0．05）。血浆 NT-proBNP、和肽素水平与脑出血量呈正相关（r＝0．63,r＝0．58,P ＜0．01）,与 GCS 呈负相关（r＝－0．52,r＝－0．46,P ＜0．01）。结论血浆 NT-proBNP、和肽素水平和急性脑出血关系密切,能反映急性脑出血患者病情严重程度。     

血清和肽素、降钙素原对脑出血合并肺部感染早期诊断及判断预后的价值

目的：研究血清和肽素、降钙素原（PC T ）与脑出血合并肺部感染患者早期诊断及预后之间的关系。方法选取该院2012年1月至2013年12月诊断为脑出血、脑出血合并肺部感染患者共120例及同期体检的健康者60例（对照组）,比较3组血清和肽素与PC T水平的差异。结果脑出血合并肺部感染组和肽素、PC T水平均高于脑出血组和对照组,差异有统计学意义（P＜0．05）。脑出血合并肺部感染生存组血清和肽素、PCT、C反应蛋白（CRP）水平及急性生理学与慢性健康状况评分系统Ⅱ（APACHEⅡ）评分均明显低于死亡组,差异有统计学意义（P＜0．05）。结论血清和肽素、PCT 和脑出血合并肺部感染关系密切,对脑出血合并肺部感染患者早期诊断及预后具有重要临床价值。     

Copeptin concentration following cardiac surgery as a prognostic marker of postoperative acute kidney injury: a prospective cohort study

BackgroundCopeptin, the C-terminal portion of the arginine vasopressin precursor, is a novel candidate biomarker. This study investigated the prognostic value of copeptin levels following cardiac surgery for the occurrence of postoperative acute kidney injury.MethodsWe studied 23 patients who underwent cardiac surgery between January 2018 and December 2019. The primary endpoint was postoperative acute kidney injury onset. Copeptin levels were measured before, right after, and daily for 7 days. The patients were divided into two groups according to the copeptin levels: low (values <43.7 pmol/L) and high (values ≥43.7 pmol/L). Correlations between copeptin levels and variables, such as central venous pressure, were assessed by bivariate analysis.ResultsThe high copeptin group exhibited significantly higher levels of arginine vasopressin and cortisol following surgery, compared to those of the low copeptin group. The copeptin concentration following surgery was correlated to central venous pressure (P=0.03) and norepinephrine administered dose (P=0.008). Also, the copeptin levels right after surgery robustly predicted the onset of postoperative acute kidney injury (area under the receiver operating characteristic curve of 0.83, P=0.004).ConclusionsElevated copeptin levels in patients following cardiac surgery predicted postoperative acute kidney injury development. Therefore, the copeptin concentration after surgery could represent a promising clinical biomarker of the postoperative cardiac outcome.     

Diabetes insipidus complicating apoplexy during pregnancy: the potential use of copeptin

Pituitary apoplexy during pregnancy is rare but important to recognise, particularly in the hyperoestrogenaemic state when known lactotroph hyperplasia occurs. Untreated, the complication rates from pituitary adenomas depend on the size of the adenoma before pregnancy. A history of thirst plus polydipsia during pregnancy raises suspicion for diabetes insipidus and a 24‐h urine collection quantifying polyuria with an inappropriately low urine osmolality confirms the diagnosis. Further evaluation for assessing diabetes insipidus in pregnancy may be facilitated by the use of a copeptin.     

糖耐量减低的绝经后女性血浆和肽素水平与血糖的相关性

目的:观察糖耐量减低的绝经后女性血浆和肽素水平与血糖的相关性.方法:将80例新发糖耐量减低(空腹血糖≤6.2 mmol/L,7.8 mmol/L≤甲餐后2h血糖≤9.4 mmol/L)的绝经后女性,年龄56～59岁,依据基线时和肽素水平,分成A组(＜5 pmol/L)、B组(＞20 pmol/L组),每组各40例.分析两组间基线时和6个月后和肽素、血糖的差异.结果:基线时,A组与B组组间的和肽素差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05),而在体重、空腹全血血糖、早餐后2h血糖、空腹血清三酰甘油、血清总胆固醇、血清低密度脂蛋白胆固醇、平均动脉压、血清肌酐水平、年龄等指标上结果相似,差异无统计学意义.经调整生活方式及口服阿司匹林(100 mg/d)、瑞舒伐他汀(10 mg/d)6个月后,在和肽素水平、空腹血糖、早餐后2h血糖指标上,B组明显高于A组,差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05).B组中有新发糖尿病16例,而A组没有.结论:在糖耐量减低的绝经后女性中,高血浆和肽素水平会进一步加重糖耐量减低,促使糖尿病的发生.