江苏省13家医院新生儿严重高胆红素血症现状调查

目的 了解江苏省新生儿严重高胆红素血症的发生情况及诊治、随访等管理情况，为新生儿严重高胆红素血症的预防及规范化管理提供依据。方法 以2018年1~12月江苏省13家医院收治的严重高胆红素血症新生儿为研究对象，回顾性分析患儿的临床资料及随访资料。结果 江苏省13家医院2018年严重高胆红素血症新生儿病例共上报740例，占新生儿科收治病例总数的2.70%（740/27 386），其中重度高胆红素血症620例（83.8%），极重度高胆红素血症106例（14.3%），危险性高胆红血症14例（1.9%）；诊断为急性胆红素脑病共4例（0.5%）。484例（65.4%）新生儿于分娩机构出院后因严重高胆红素血症返回医院住院治疗，中位入院日龄为7 d，其中214例（44.2%）再入院前进行过门诊黄疸随访，第1次门诊中位随访日龄为6 d。住院期间行头颅MRI检查211例（28.5%），其中85例（40.3%）提示双侧基底节、苍白球T1WI信号偏高；行脑干听觉诱发电位检查238例（32.2%），其中14例（5.9%）仅一侧通过，7例（2.9%）双侧均未通过。急性胆红素脑病或危险性高胆红素血症患儿（共17例）进行了随访，除1例失访外，均无异常神经系统症状。结论 新生儿严重高胆红素血症在新生儿科住院病人中的占比较高；新生儿从分娩机构出院后黄疸监测及管理需要加强；对并发了严重高胆红素血症的患儿，住院期间相关检查需更完善，出院后均需全面系统地随访。     

Mildly decreased preoperative bilirubin levels are associated with infections after shoulder and knee arthroplasty

Increasing numbers of arthroplasties are also accompanied by postoperative infections. The main purpose was to evaluate preoperative serum bilirubin levels between patients with and without infections after shoulder and knee arthroplasties. For this retrospective case-control single-center study, a total of 108 patients were extracted from a prospectively collected database. Eighteen patients with infections after shoulder (n = 8) and knee (n = 10) arthroplasty were matched by age, gender, and implant type in a 1:5-scenario to 90 patients (40 shoulders and 50 knees) without postoperative infection. Demographic data, preoperative blood parameters, and postoperative infection-related outcomes were evaluated. Total bilirubin was the only preoperative parameter significantly different between the infection (8.21 ± 3.25 μmol/L or 0.48 ± 0.19 mg/dL) and noninfection (10.78 ± 4.62 μmol/L or 0.63 ± 0.27 mg/dL; P = .014) group, while C-reactive protein and other liver parameters were similar between the groups. Significantly more controls (92.1%) had preoperative bilirubin levels above 8.72 μmol/L or 0.51 mg/dL than cases (7.9%; P = .007). The 5-year infection survival-rate was 65.6% for patients with preoperative bilirubin levels < 8.72 μmol/L or < 0.51 mg/dL and 91.2% with ≥ 8.72 μmol/L or ≥ 0.51 mg/dL. Mildly decreased preoperative bilirubin levels with a cutoff at 8.72 μmol/L or 0.51 mg/dL were significantly associated to patients with infections after shoulder and knee arthroplasty. There were no differences in other blood parameters or comorbidities between patients with infections and their matched-controls.     

Total bilirubin independently predicts incident metabolic syndrome among community-dwelling women

BackgroundMetabolic syndrome (MetS) is related to the increased risk of major cardiovascular diseases (CVD). The link between high serum total bilirubin (TBL) is cross-sectionally related to MetS and its components. However, whether serum TBL predicts incidence of MetS and its components remains inconclusive.MethodsThe present study included 893 women aged 70 ± 9 years from a rural village. We examined the relationship between serum TBL and MetS based on the modified criteria of the National Cholesterol Education Program's Adult Treatment Panel (NCEP-ATP) III report in a cross-sectional (N = 893) and cohort (N = 288) data.ResultsIn the cross-sectional study, serum TBL (β = 0.536, p < 0.001) as well as age, alcohol consumption, exercise habits, history of CVD, SUA, GGT, and ALT was significantly and dependently associated with number of MetS components, but in the cohort study serum TBL was not associated with number of MetS components. Compared with the 1st tertile of serum TBL (0.20–0.55 mg/dL), multivariate-adjusted odds ratio (95% confidence interval) for the 2nd -3rd tertiles of serum TBL (0.54–2.00 mg/dL) was 0.70 (0.51–0.95) in the cross-sectional study and 0.41 (0.21–0.81) in the cohort study.ConclusionsOur data demonstrated an independently negative association between serum TBL and MetS in Japanese community-dwelling women.     

分析蓝光照射、白蛋白治疗新生儿黄疸效果

目的探讨蓝光照射联合白蛋白治疗新生儿黄疸的临床效果。方法选取2018年1月—2018年12月医院收治的136例新生儿黄疸患儿,按随机数字表法分为A组(68例)和B组(68例),A组采取蓝光照射进行治疗,B组在此基础上联合白蛋白进行治疗,并比较不同组患儿治疗疗效。结果B组患儿治疗有效率较A组明显增加(P<0.05);B组患儿治疗前间接胆红素(IBIL)、总胆红素(TBIL)、γ-谷氨酰基转移酶(γ-GT)、游离脂肪酸(FFA)和超敏C反应蛋白(hsCRP)水平比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),治疗后B组患儿IBIL、TBIL、γ-GT、FFA和hs-CRP水平明显小于A组(P<0.05)。结论蓝光照射联合白蛋白静滴治疗新生儿黄疸临床疗效较好,有助于减轻胆红素水平以及改善临床症状。     

肝内胆汁淤积对联合弹性成像评估肝纤维化的影响

目的评估肝内胆汁淤积对联合弹性成像诊断肝纤维化分期的影响。方法收集入组患者的弹性成像、生化学和组织学数据。比较不同总胆红素(TB)组的剪切波速度(Vs)及肝纤维化指数(LF index)。使用ROC曲线下面积计算联合成像的准确度。结果以肝活检为金标准,TB异常组的Vs高于正常组(P<0.001),LF index在TB正常组及异常组中无区别(P>0.05)。不同TB分组中联合成像的准确度并无明显差异。结论肝内胆汁淤积对LF index无任何影响,使Vs轻微升高,但不会降低联合弹性成像评估肝纤维化分期的整体诊断效能。     

降黄散熏蒸联合捏脊、推拿治疗湿热蕴蒸型新生儿病理性黄疸临床研究

目的:观察降黄散熏蒸联合捏脊、推拿治疗湿热蕴蒸型新生儿病理性黄疸的临床疗效。方法:将92例湿热蕴蒸型病理性黄疸患儿按随机数字表法分为观察组和对照组各46例。对照组给予蓝光照射治疗,观察组在对照组基础上加降黄散熏蒸联合捏脊、推拿治疗,2组均治疗5 d。对比2组临床疗效和治疗前后的血清总胆红素水平、免疫球蛋白(Ig)及T细胞亚群的变化,记录黄疸消退时间。结果:观察组临床疗效优于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。治疗后,2组血清总胆红素水平均较治疗前下降(P<0.05),观察组血清总胆红素水平比对照组下降更明显(P<0.05);观察组黄疸消退时间短于对照组(P<0.05)。治疗后,2组血清IgA、IgG、IgM水平均较治疗前升高(P<0.05),观察组IgA、IgG、IgM水平均比对照组升高更明显(P<0.05)。治疗后,2组CD3^+、CD4^+、CD4^+/CD8^+值均较治疗前升高(P<0.05),观察组CD3^+、CD4^+、CD4^+/CD8^+值均比对照组升高更明显(P<0.05)。结论:降黄散熏蒸联合捏脊、推拿治疗湿热蕴蒸型新生儿病理性黄疸,可以有效降低患儿的血清总胆红素水平,缩短退黄时间,提高机体免疫功能。