中药复方肠复康抗结直肠癌血管生成作用靶基因网络药理学研究

目的运用网络药理学方法,研究中药复方肠复康(CFK)对结直肠癌(colorectal cancer,CRC)血管生成作用靶基因,为揭示其作用机制奠定理论基础。方法采用TTD、DrugBank数据库、OMIM数据库、GAD和PharmGKB等5个数据库分别检索CRC基因;采用TSMSP数据库及基于VBA工具的有效成分筛选方式检索CFK所含的5味中药,利用ADME参数进行有效成分筛选,通过TCMSP数据库检索各个有效成分的靶基因,利用cytoscape 3.2.1软件及其插件ClueGO、Bisogenet、CytoNCA对靶基因进行分析并构建CFK成分靶点网络图,并结合KEGG数据库进一步说明CFK与CRC血管生成靶基因的关系。结果 CRC靶基因339个,CFK靶基因182个;通过cytoscape构建并结合网络拓扑分析,ADRA1A、ADRA1B、ADRA1D、ADRB1、CHRM1、CHRM2、CHRM3、CHRM4、INSR、PIK3CG、RXRA、BAX、BCL2、CASP8、ICAM1、NFKBIA、CASP9、KDR、MAP2、PRKCA、PTGS2等靶点与血管生成相关;CFK治疗CRC过程中BRCA1、CDK2、CDKN1A、ITGA4、MDM2、YWHAG、CREBBP、CUL2、EP300、VHL、FLNA、SHC1、TRAF6、XPO1、EGFR、GRB2、IKBKG、NTRK1、TP53、 YWHAB、YWHAE与血管生成相关;主要通过调控PI3K-Akt、MAPK、HIF-1及VEGF信号通路抑制CRC患者新生血管生成。结论 CFK可能会通过VBRCA1、CDK2、CDKN1A、ITGA4、MDM2、YWHAG、CREBBP、CUL2、EP300、VHL、FLNA、SHC1、TRAF6、XPO1、EGFR、GRB2、IKBKG、NTRK1、TP53、 YWHAB、YWHAE等靶点调控PI3K-Akt、MAPK、HIF-1及VEGF等信号通路,进而发挥抑制CRC患者新生血管生成作用,具体机制有待进一步研究。     

通窍活血汤含药脑脊液对OGD/R损伤大鼠BMECs的保护作用

目的:探讨通窍活血汤含药脑脊液对氧糖剥夺/复糖复氧(OGD/R)损伤大鼠脑微血管内皮细胞(BMECs)的保护作用及潜在机制。方法:通过酶消化法提取原代BMECs,并将细胞随机分为6组,分别为正常组,OGD/R组,通窍活血汤(TQHXT)组(20%),尼莫地平(NMDP)组(10μmol·L~(-1)),卡博替尼(BMS)组(1μmol·L~(-1))和合用药组。除正常组外,其余各组细胞在氧糖剥夺2 h后迅速复糖复氧24 h进行OGD/R造模并分组给药。采用细胞免疫荧光染色法鉴定BMECs,观察OGD/R损伤大鼠BMECs的形态学和超微结构改变并检测细胞跨膜电阻(TEER)值变化。用试剂盒检测细胞内一氧化氮(NO)水平、乳酸脱氢酶(LDH)活性、活性氧(ROS)荧光强度和组织型纤溶酶原激活因子(tPA)含量。采用流式细胞术检测细胞内钙离子浓度及细胞凋亡,观察血管新生标记因子CD34的表达,用蛋白免疫印迹法(Western blot)检测细胞中紧密连接蛋白(ZO-1),血管内皮生长因子(VEGF),黏着斑激酶(FAK)和桩蛋白(Paxillin)蛋白的表达情况。结果:与正常组比较,OGD/R组细胞皱缩、变圆,细胞TEER值和细胞中ZO-1蛋白表达显著降低,细胞中NO,LDH及ROS水平显著升高,tPA含量显著降低,细胞中钙离子浓度和细胞凋亡显著增加,细胞中CD34有所表达,VEGF,FAK和Paxillin蛋白表达显著升高(P0. 01);与OGD/R组比较,TQHXT组细胞损伤明显改善,细胞TEER值和细胞中ZO-1蛋白表达显著升高,细胞中NO,LDH及ROS含量显著降低,tPA含量显著升高,细胞中钙离子浓度和细胞凋亡显著减少,细胞中CD34表达增加,VEGF,FAK和Paxillin蛋白表达显著升高(P0. 05,P0. 01)。结论:通窍活血汤含药脑脊液对OGD/R损伤大鼠BMECs具有保护作用,该保护作用可能是通过VEGF/VEGF受体2(R2)/FAK/Paxillin信号通路促进血管生成来发挥作用。     

高血压及高血压合并糖尿病的患者血浆可溶性NRP-1与SOD浓度的变化

探讨高血压和高血压合并糖尿病患者血浆可溶性神经纤毛蛋白-1（NRP-1）的浓度与超氧化物歧化酶（SOD）活性的变化。     

葫芦素抗肿瘤作用研究进展

癌症是全球主要的公共卫生问题，中国国家癌症中心的统计数据也表明癌症以逐年提升的发病率和死亡率成为威胁人类健康的重大疾病。癌症的发生发展机制复杂，涉及多阶段、多个基因及多条信号通路的异常，常规的放化疗及新兴的靶向治疗方法是肿瘤治疗的主要方式，但由于其毒副作用和耐药性的产生严重影响了患者的生活质量和持续有效的治疗效果，因此寻找安全有效的抗癌药物是全球关注的焦点。抗肿瘤植物药紫杉醇类、长春碱类、鬼臼素类、人参皂苷和多糖等的研发与应用给肿瘤治疗带来了新的希望。葫芦素是一种来源于中药葫芦科植物的高度氧化的四环三萜类化合物，药理作用广泛且机制复杂，在葫芦素家族中，目前针对葫芦素B，D，E，I抗肿瘤作用研究最多，已有大量研究证实，葫芦素B，D，E，I在治疗消化系统、呼吸系统、生殖系统、血液系统、泌尿系统等肿瘤疾病中发挥了重要作用，能够显著抑制肿瘤细胞增殖，而且在阻滞细胞周期、诱导细胞凋亡和自噬性死亡、抑制细胞迁移和侵袭、抑制肿瘤血管生成、调节活性氧的水平、调节免疫等方面作用显著，有望开发成为抗癌新药。基于当前国内外针对葫芦素抗多种肿瘤的作用及机制研究成果，笔者对葫芦素抗肿瘤作用研究进展进行了全方面综述，以期为葫芦素类抗肿瘤药物新药研发提供参考。     

RPV‐modified epirubicin and dioscin co‐delivery liposomes suppress non‐small cell lung cancer growth by limiting nutrition supply

Chemotherapy for non‐small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is far from satisfactory, mainly due to poor targeting of antitumor drugs and self‐adaptations of the tumors. Angiogenesis, vasculogenic mimicry (VM) channels, migration, and invasion are the main ways for tumors to obtain nutrition. Herein, RPV‐modified epirubicin and dioscin co‐delivery liposomes were successfully prepared. These liposomes showed ideal physicochemical properties, enhanced tumor targeting and accumulation in tumor sites, and inhibited VM channel formation, tumor angiogenesis, migration and invasion. The liposomes also downregulated VM‐related and angiogenesis‐related proteins in vitro. Furthermore, when tested in vivo, the targeted co‐delivery liposomes increased selective accumulation of drugs in tumor sites and showed extended stability in blood circulation. In conclusion, RPV‐modified epirubicin and dioscin co‐delivery liposomes showed strong antitumor efficacy in vivo and could thus be considered a promising strategy for NSCLC treatment.     

Qingjie Fuzheng Granules regulates cancer cell proliferation,apoptosis and tumor angiogenesis in colorectal cancer xenograft mice via Sonic Hedgehog pathway

BackgroundSonic Hedgehog (SHh) signaling pathway plays a critical role in cell proliferation, apoptosis, and tumor angiogenesis in various types of malignancies including colorectal cancer (CRC). Qingjie Fuzheng Granules (QFG) is a traditional Chinese medicinal formula, which has been clinically used in various cancer treatments, including CRC. In this study, we explored the potential molecular mechanisms of QFG treatment effects on CRC via the SHh pathway.MethodsA CRC HCT-116 xenograft mouse model was utilized for all experiments. Mice were treated with intra-gastric administration of 1 g/kg of QFG or saline 6 days a week for 28 days (4 weeks). Body weight, length and shortest diameter of the tumor were measured every 3 days. At the end of the treatment, the tumor weight was measured. TUNEL staining assays were used to detect tumor apoptosis. Western blot and immunohistochemistry (IHC) assays were used to detect the expression of relative proteins.ResultsIn our results, QFG inhibited the increase of tumor volume and weight, and exhibited no impact on mouse body weight. Furthermore, QFG significantly decreased the expression of SHh, Smo and Gli proteins, indicating the action of SHh signaling. Consequently, the expression of pro-proliferative survivin, Ki-67, Cyclin-D1 and CDK4 were decreased and expression of anti-proliferative p21 was increased. The pro-apoptotic Bax/Bcl-2 ratio, cle-caspase-3 and TUNEL-positive cell percentage in tumor tissues were increased. Meanwhile, the pro-angiogenic VEGF-A and VEGFR-2 expression was down-regulated.ConclusionsQFG inhibited CRC cell proliferation and promoted CRC cell apoptosis and tumor angiogenesis in vivo through the suppression of SHh pathway, suggesting that QFG could be a potential therapeutic drug for CRC.     

复肝丸调控miR-424表达抑制肝窦内皮细胞血管新生的体外研究

目的观察复肝丸调控miR-424表达以抑制肝窦内皮细胞血管新生的作用及其机制。方法以不同剂量(0～2 000 mg/L)的复肝丸与人肝窦内皮细胞(HHSEC)共孵育,CCK8法检测复肝丸对细胞活力的影响,分析复肝丸对细胞无毒性作用的剂量范围,并以此作为后续药效及机制评价的剂量。以CoCl_2诱导HHSEC血管新生模型,分为正常组、模型组、miR-424抑制剂组及复肝丸组,除正常组外,其余各组以CoCl_2诱导细胞血管新生,miR-424抑制剂组及复肝丸组分别以miR-424抑制剂及复肝丸(200 mg/L)与细胞共孵育24 h。采用CCK8法检测细胞活力与增殖情况;Transwell观察细胞迁移变化情况;Matrigel管腔生成实验评价细胞管腔形成情况;定量RT-PCR检测miR-424、HIF-1α、vWF、CD31基因表达;Western blot法检测HIF-1α、vWF、CD31蛋白表达。结果复肝丸剂量小于400 mg/L对HHSCE无明显细胞毒性。与正常组比较,200μmol/L CoCl_2可诱导肝窦内皮细胞缺氧损伤模型,且模型组miR-424、HIF-1α表达增加,细胞迁移和管腔生成增多,vWF、CD31表达增加(P0.01);与模型组比较,miR-424抑制剂与200 mg/L复肝丸干预后,miR-424与HIF-1α表达均不同程度降低,细胞迁移和管腔生成受抑制,vWF、CD31表达降低(P0.01);且复肝丸组综合疗效与miR-424抑制剂相当。结论复肝丸具有良好的抑制肝窦内皮细胞血管新生的作用,其作用机制与抑制miR-424表达相关。