改进虎杖、鸡血藤炮制方法的研究

对虎杖、鸡血藤作了切制、干燥时间和成品、主要成分及水浸出物的比较。结果表明,趁鲜切片优于传统切块、再切片,既能提高饮片的规格质量和成分含量,亦能减少重复劳动,节约能源,避免药材的浪费。     

鸡血藤活性成分SS8对骨髓抑制小鼠造血祖细胞增殖的作用

目的:研究鸡血藤单体成分SS8对骨髓抑制小鼠造血祖细胞(CFU-GM,CFU-E,BFU-E,CFU-Meg)增殖的影响。方法:采用甲基纤维素半固体培养法,通过对长期接受SS8治疗后的骨髓抑制小鼠造血祖细胞的培养,观察SS8对CFU-GM,CFU-E,BFU-E,CFU-Meg生长的作用。结果:SS8可显著刺激骨髓抑制小鼠CFU-GM,CFU-E,BFU-E,CFU-Meg生长,与对照组比较有显著差异(P<0.05)。随时间延长、剂量增加,刺激作用逐渐加强。结论:SS8对骨髓抑制小鼠造血祖细胞的增殖有明显刺激作用,且有时间、剂量相关性。     

白花前胡提取物对大脑中动脉梗塞大鼠IL-6及IL-8的影响

目的:研究白花前胡对大脑中动脉梗塞后相关病理生理改变及对脑组织及血清IL-6和IL-8水平的影响.方法:线栓法制备大脑中动脉梗塞大鼠模型,研究白花前胡对大脑中动脉梗塞性大鼠脑缺血后行为障碍及脑梗死范围、缺血组织病理形态的影响及脑组织及血清IL-6和IL-8水平的影响.结果:阻断大脑中动脉(MCA)后,所有动物都出现程度不同的运动障碍,大鼠脑组织和血清IL-6及IL-8水平均显著升高,白花前胡水醇提取液可明显抑制大脑中动脉梗塞大鼠血清中IL-6及IL-8水平;4 mg*ml-1和2 mg*ml-1白花前胡水醇提取液可明显改善大脑中动脉梗塞模型大鼠神经症状分值、降低脑梗死范围.结论:白花前胡水醇提取物能有效抑制级联反应中炎性细胞因子IL-6 及IL-8的产生,减轻或消除脑缺血级联反应中的炎症反应,发挥保护神经元,减少梗死面积的作用.     

白花前胡提取物对腹主动脉缩窄大鼠心室重构及Bcl-2、Bax蛋白表达的影响

目的 :研究白花前胡提取物 (PdE)对腹主动脉缩窄术后大鼠心室重构及心肌组织凋亡相关蛋白Bcl 2、Bax表达的影响。方法 :部分缩窄大鼠腹主动脉术制作心肌肥厚模型。称重法检测左室心肌重量 ,计算心系数 ;观察细胞组织结构改变 ,测量左心室内径 ;免疫组织化学法检测凋亡相关基因及Bcl 2、Bax蛋白表达。结果 :腹主动脉缩窄术后 ,大鼠左室重量及心系数明显增加 ;4 0 0 %PdE可明显减轻大鼠腹主动脉术所致左室重量增加 (用药组 0 .4 9±0 .0 7g ,模型组 0 .5 7± 0 .16g ,P <0 .0 5 )及心系数的升高 (用药组 2 .4 4% ,模型组 2 .82 % ,P <0 .0 5 ) ;2 0 0 %PdE亦可明显降低大鼠腹主动脉术后心系数的升高 (用药组 2 .5 1% ,模型组 2 .82 % ,P <0 .0 5 ) ;腹主动脉缩窄术后大鼠心肌细胞明显肥大 ,胞核呈浓染、增大 ,细胞间距增大 ,组织横断面心肌纤维增多 ;4 0 0 %PdE及 2 0 0 %PdE可有效改善因腹主动脉缩窄所致心肌组织结构变化 ;腹主动脉缩窄术后 ,大鼠左室腔内径明显缩小 ,而 4 0 0 %PdE及2 0 0 %PdE可显著改善大鼠腹主动脉术后左室腔内径缩小 (P <0 .0 5 ) ;模型组Bcl 2与Bax蛋白表达率与伪手术组、各浓度PdE组比较均有显著性差异 (P<0 .0 5 ) ,但伪手术组 ,4 0 0 %及 2 0 0 %PdE组Bcl 2 Bax表达比例均较模     

栽培鸡血藤藤茎次生代谢产物的动态积累变化研究

【目的】研究栽培鸡血藤藤茎中次生代谢产物在不同生长期的动态积累变化趋势,为其采收期的合理制定提供科学依据。【方法】参照《中国药典》（2010年版一部）附录XA测定醇溶性浸出物的含量;采用紫外分光光度法测定总黄酮的含量,采用高效液相色谱法同时测定原儿茶酸、儿茶素及表儿茶素的含量。【结果】鸡血藤藤茎中醇溶性浸出物、总黄酮及指标性成分原儿茶酸、儿茶素和表儿茶素的含量均随着生长年限的增加呈递增的趋势;而1年中不同月份样品的醇溶性浸出物、总黄酮、表儿茶素的含量变化均呈抛物线状,7～9月含量达到峰值;儿茶素的含量则一直呈上升状态;7～9月采收的4～6年生鸡血藤样品中醇溶性浸出物已达到现行版《中国药典》的要求。【结论】初步建议栽培鸡血藤藤茎以7年生以上采收为宜,其最佳采收年限与采收月份有待进一步研究确定。     

The effect of diabetic control on very low-density lipoprotein--triglyceride metabolism in patients with type II diabetes mellitus and marked hypertriglyceridemia

We examined the effect of diabetic control on very low-density lipoprotein-triglyceride (VLDL-TG) metabolism in six patients with type II (noninsulin-dependent) diabetes mellitus and marked hypertriglyceridemia. VLDL-TG transport was determined using 3H-glycerol as an endogenous precursor of VLDL-TG, and the resultant kinetic data were evaluated by multicompartmental analysis. Studies were performed in the hypertriglyceridemic diabetic subjects during poor diabetic control and again after 3 months of diabetic treatment, and the results were compared to studies in nondiabetic normolipidemic subjects and nondiabetic subjects with familial forms of hypertriglyceridemia. In the poorly controlled diabetics, mean VLDL-TG synthesis was threefold higher than in the normolipidemic subjects, and the mean fractional catabolic rate (FCR) of VLDL-TG was only one-third of the normals. With diabetic treatment, plasma triglyceride levels fell by more than 50%, but remained fourfold higher than the normals. This was associated with a decrease in mean VLDL-TG synthesis to a level similar to that observed in the genetic hyperlipidemic subjects, but still 2.6-fold higher than the normals. In addition, the mean FCR rose after diabetic control to a level slightly above that of the genetic hyperlipidemic subjects, but remained less than one-half of the normal value. However, the response of VLDL-TG kinetics to diabetic treatment was not uniform. In four subjects, control of hyperglycemia ameliorated the hypertriglyceridemia primarily by decreasing VLDL-TG overproduction. In the other two subjects, diabetic treatment had a greater effect on the FCR than an overproduction of VLDL-TG. Thus, in this select group of diabetic, hypertriglyceridemic subjects, poor diabetic control contributed to both VLDL-TG overproduction and low FCRs. Failure of diabetic treatment to restore VLDL-TG kinetic parameters to normal suggests that the hypertriglyceridemia was due not only to diabetes mellitus but also to an additional abnormality affecting lipoprotein metabolism.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)     

Impaired catabolism of very low-density lipoprotein-triglyceride in a family with primary hypertriglyceridemia

In this report, kinetic studies of plasma very low-density lipoprotein-triglyceride (VLDL-TG) were examined in five brothers (three affected and two unaffected) from a family with primary hypertriglyceridemia. Synthesis and catabolism of VLDL-TG were studied by in vivo labelling of plasma TG with 3H-glycerol, and multicompartmental analysis of the plasma die-away curves. Results of the kinetic studies revealed the following information: (1) one brother, who had the highest plasma TG level and was obese, had both overproduction and a reduced fractional catabolic rate (FCR) of VLDL-TG; (2) second brother, who had moderate hypertriglyceridemia, had a low FCR and high-normal synthesis of VLDL-TG; (3) a third, who had only mildly elevated TG, had a low FCR and normal synthesis of VLDL-TG; and (4) the two normolipidemic brothers had neither overproduction nor decreased FCR of VLDL-TG. The composition of the soluble apoproteins of VLDL was normal. The apoprotein E phenotypes were E4/3 in four brothers, and E3/2 in the fifth. We have reached the following conclusions regarding this family: (1) the common kinetic abnormality of VLDL-TG metabolism in the hypertriglyceridemic brothers was a low clearance of VLDL-TG; (2) impaired catabolism of VLDL could not be explained by the apoprotein C or E patterns; and (3) the most severe hypertriglyceridemia occurred when the decreased FCR was present in conjunction with VLDL-TG overproduction due to obesity. Thus, a moderate defect in catabolism of plasma TG appears to be responsible for one familial form of primary hypertriglyceridemia.     

Transient unifascicular, bifasicular and trifascicular block: electrophysiologic correlations in a patient with rate-dependent left bundle branch block and transient right bundle branch block.

Correlations of the His to ventricular (H-V) conduction time were made with the surface electrocardiogram during normal intraventricular conduction, unifascicular block (right bundle branch block), bifascicular block (left bundle branch block) and trifascicular block (right and left bundle branch block) in a patient with rate-dependent left bundle branch block who had transient right bundle branch block during recording of the His bundle electrogram. The results provide a functional confirmation of the theory that a prolonged H-V time is a manifestation of trifascicular disease.     

遗传毒性鸡血藤水提物抗柯萨奇病毒B3作用及机制

目的:探讨鸡血藤抗柯萨奇B3病毒(CVB3)的作用和机制。方法:不同浓度的鸡血藤水提物与适量CVB3感染的Vero E6细胞共同培养,采用甲基噻唑基四唑塞唑蓝(MTT)法检测细胞存活率,计算鸡血藤水提物对CVB3,CVB5,埃可病毒9(Echo virus 9,EV9),EV29和脊髓灰质炎病毒(Polio virus1,PVⅠ)这5种肠道病毒的半数抑制浓度(IC50)和治疗指数(TI),并用RT-PCR检测鸡血藤水提物对CVB3侵染Vero E6细胞的RNA复制的影响。结果:鸡血藤水提物能有效抑制CVB3,CVB5,EV9,EV29和PVⅠ这5种肠道病毒引发的细胞病变,IC50分别为60.8,47.1,17.1,65.5和29.1μg.mL-1,TI分别为4.1,5.3,14.6,3.8和8.6,对肠道病毒的抑制作用存在量效关系;鸡血藤不能阻止CVB3对Vero E6细胞的吸附作用,但可干扰CVB3侵染细胞后病毒核酸的复制。结论:鸡血藤能抑制CVB3引发的细胞病变,其机制可能是抑制侵染后病毒复制的初级阶段。     

Synapse development within the spinal trigeminal nucleus

Pars interpolaris of the spinal trigeminal nucleus of kittens has been studied with the electron microscope at birth and at several subsequent ages during the first month of life. Attention has been given to ultrastructural maturational changes that occur in this neuropil, especially events in synaptogenesis. The results of this investigation include the following observations: (1) the neuropil, even at the earliest ages studied (three-hour-old kittens), is strikingly mature, necessitating a quantitative assessment in order to determine subtle developmental changes in synaptic patterns; (2) the number of axoaxonic contacts at birth are few, and their emergence is essentially a postnatal phenomenon; (3) it appears that the immature Gray type II or symmetrical synapse possesses distinct cleft material and dense, parallel membrane specializations. Synaptic vesicle accumulation at this contact appears to occur after the membrane specializations have formed. A previous study by Kerr26 has shown a reduced potential for primary afferent reorganization with the spinal trigeminal nucleus when kittens are subjected to trigeminal rhizotomy after three days of age. Our observations on the development of axoaxonic synaptic arrangements in the neonatal period may provide an explanation for these earlier results.