Nationwide outcomes of newborns with rectosigmoid versus long-segment Hirschsprung disease

PurposeHirschsprung Disease (HD) is a common congenital intestinal disorder. While aganglionosis most commonly affects the rectosigmoid colon (rectosigmoid HD), outcomes for patients in which aganglionosis extends to more proximal segments (long-segment HD) remain understudied. This study sought to compare postoperative outcomes among newborns with rectosigmoid and long-segment HD.MethodsThe Nationwide Readmission Database was queried from 2016 to 2018 for newborns with HD. Newborns were stratified into those with rectosigmoid or long-segment HD. Those who received no rectal biopsy or pull-through procedure during their newborn hospitalization were excluded. A propensity score-matched analysis (PSMA) of newborns with either type of HD was constructed utilizing 17 covariates including demographics, comorbidities, and congenital-perinatal conditions.ResultsThere were 1280 newborns identified with HD (82% rectosigmoid HD, 18% long-segment HD). Patients with rectosigmoid HD had higher rates of laparoscopic resections (35% vs. 12%) and less frequently received a concomitant ostomy (14% vs. 84%), both p < 0.001. Patients with long-segment HD were more likely to have a delayed diagnosis (12% vs. 5%) and require multiple bowel operations (19% vs. 4%), both p < 0.001. They experienced higher rates of complications, including small bowel obstructions (10% vs. 1%), infections (45% vs. 20%), and Hirschsprung-associated enterocolitis (11% vs. 5%), all p < 0.001. After PSMA, newborns with long-segment HD were found to have a longer length of stay and higher hospitalization costs.ConclusionNewborns with long-segment HD experience significant delays in diagnosis, surgery, and complications compared to those with rectosigmoid HD. This information should be utilized to improve healthcare delivery for this patient population.Type of StudyRetrospective comparative study.Level of EvidenceIII.     

单中心汉族足月新生儿18个体表信息横断面研究

目的在单中心汉族人口中建立正常足月新生儿18个体表信息的参考范围值。方法依据《人体测量手册》上提供的方法,选取复旦大学附属妇产科医院37～40周生后2 h内的595名健康足月、汉族和单胎新生儿,行身长、体重、头围、乳距、胸围、内眦间距、外眦间距、睑裂长、耳长、耳宽、鼻长、鼻宽、鼻高、口宽、人中线长、手长、手中指长和足长信息的直接测量,每个体表信息连续重复测量3次,取3次测量的平均值行统计学分析。应用LMS软件 （light version）来构建分性别按照孕周的各测量的光滑的百分位数曲线。 结果2011年8月至2012年9月间符合本文纳入和排除标准的新生儿595例进入分析,男性305例,女性290例,其中37周83例（男40例,女43例）,38周218例（男118例,女100例）,39周185例（男91例,女94例）,40周109例（男54例,女55例）。构建18个体表信息第3~97百分位数。37周新生儿中5/18个（27.8%）体表信息值男性>女性,P均＜0.05,分别为耳长、耳宽、鼻宽、鼻长和足长;38周新生儿中11/18个（61.1%）体表信息值男性>女性,P均＜0.05,分别为身长、体重、耳长、耳宽、鼻高、鼻宽、鼻长、口宽、手长、中指长和足长;39周新生儿中14/18个（77.8%）体表信息值男性>女性,P均＜0.05,分别为身长、体重、头围、胸围、内眦间距、外眦间距、睑裂长、耳长、耳宽、鼻宽、鼻长、人中线长、手长和足长;40周新生儿中11/18个（61.1%）体表信息值男性>女性,P均＜0.05,分别为身长、体重、头围、胸围、内眦间距、外眦间距、耳长、耳宽、鼻宽、足长和乳距,其余体表信息值性别差异均无统计学意义,P均＞0.05。 结论建立了单中心汉族足月新生儿18个体表信息的参考范围值和百分位数。男女新生儿5～14个体表信息值有差异,男性体表信息值>女性。     

Indirect estimation of pediatric Health Related Limits for serum thyrotropin using the ADVIA Centaur analyzer

OBJECTIVES: To determine pediatric reference values for thyrotropin using Advia Centaur analyzer. DESIGN AND METHODS: The study was conducted in a large regional hospital on TSH results obtained from 5741 females and 4332 males aged 0-17 years. After the exclusion of the results outside 4 standard deviations, we calculated the Health Related Limits (HRLs) following the indirect Kairisto's procedure and using the software GraphROC. RESULTS: The lower HRL of TSH concentration was 0.70 mU/L in the years 0-11 and 0.50 mU/L in the following years. The upper TSH HRL was 6.9 mU/L in males vs. 5.7 mU/L in females in the first year and 6.7 mU/L vs. 5.3 in the period 1-2 years. The upper HRLs in females and males were similar in the following years and the upper HRL in the 13-17 years class was 3.8 mU/L. CONCLUSIONS: The indirect methods appear reliable for calculating the pediatric HRLs for TSH.     

新生儿高胆红素血症胆红素脑病的危险性因素分析

目的：分析新生儿高胆红素血症胆红素脑病的危险性因素,为预防高胆红素血症胆红素脑病提供思路。方法回顾性分析我院收治的209例新生儿高胆红素血症患儿临床资料,将胆红素脑病致使神经功能系统障碍（ bilirubin－induced neurologic dysfunction,Bind）评分为7～9分的患儿定义为急性胆红素脑病（ABE）患儿,并将其作为观察组（40例）,其余为对照组（169例）,对可能影响高胆红素血症ABE发病的相关因素如性别、新生儿胎龄、出生体重、分娩方式、胎膜早破、喂养方式、妊娠期糖尿病、妊娠期高血压、窒息或宫内窘迫、总胆红素峰值、黄疸家族史、RH溶血病、ABO溶血病、出生后1 min 新生儿评分（ Apgar评分）、出生后5 min apgar评分、酸中毒、感染、发热、脱水、低蛋白血症分别进行单因素及多因素Logistic分析。结果经多因素Logistic分析后发现出生体重（OR＝3．739,95％CI：1．240～11．880）、总胆红素峰值（OR＝6．475,95％CI：1．724～17．419）、RH溶血病（OR＝11．473,95％CI：2．708～33．697）及ABO溶血病（OR＝9．143,95％CI：2．492～28．513）为新生儿高胆红素血症胆红素脑病的高危因素,P＜0．05。结论胆红素脑病与出生体重、总胆红素峰值、RH溶血病及ABO溶血病有关,临床医师应加强对极低出生体重、极高总胆红素峰值、伴有RH溶血病及ABO溶血病患儿的筛查及治疗。     

实时三维超声心动图评价正常新生儿左心室收缩同步性

目的 探讨实时三维超声心动图(RT3DE)评价中国东北地区正常新生儿左心室收缩同步性的可行性、准确性及其影响因素。方法 回顾性分析本院接受RT3DE检查的93名中国东北地区的正常新生儿,测量左心室16、12节段和6节段的达最小容积时间的标准差(Tmsv 16-SD、Tmsv 12-SD、Tmsv 6-SD)和最大差值(Tmsv 16-Dif、Tmsv 12-Dif、Tmsv 6-Dif),同时测量心率校正的各参数(%R-R)Tmsv。探讨性别、胎龄、出生体质量和心率对各参数的影响。结果 Tmsv 12-SD与Tmsv 6-SD、Tmsv 12-Dif与Tmsv 6-Dif均高度相关(r=0.76、0.80,P均<0.001);Tmsv 16-Dif与Tmsv 12-Dif中度相关(r=0.47,P<0.001);Tmsv 16-SD与Tmsv 12-SD、Tmsv 16-SD与Tmsv 6-SD、Tmsv 16-Dif与Tmsv 6-Dif弱相关(r=0.27、0.23、0.34,P均<0.05)。性别、胎龄和出生体质量对各参数无影响,心率与Tmsv-SD、Tmsv-Dif呈负相关,对(%R-R)Tmsv无影响。结论 RT3DE方法测量的16节段Tmsv-Dif和Tmsv-SD可全面、准确地评价正常新生儿左心室收缩同步性。     

妊娠期糖尿病母亲新生儿肾功能变化

目的：探究肾功能常规指标动态监测对评估妊娠期糖尿病母亲新生儿肾功能变化的临床意义。方法择取广东省佛山市南海经济开发区人民医院官窑分院2014年8月~2015年1月收治的妊娠期糖尿病母亲所生新生儿30例为实验组,依据妊娠期糖尿病母亲血糖控制情况将其划分为A组15例(血糖控制理想)及B组15例(血糖控制不理想),另择取同期出生的非妊娠期糖尿病母亲所生新生儿30例为对照组,观察各组血清胱抑素C(Cys-C)、β2微球蛋白(β2-MG)、血尿素氮(BUN)、血清肌酐(Scr)及尿N-乙酰-β-D氨基葡萄糖苷酶(NAG)、全血糖化血红蛋白(HbA1c)、尿微量白蛋白(UMB)检测结果。结果 A、B组新生儿Cys-C值分别为(1.42±0.21)mg/L和(1.73±0.21)mg/L,β2-MG值分别为(3.16±0.76)mg/L和(3.73±1.26)mg/L,Scr值分别为(70.14±9.71)μmol/L和(76.21±9.23)μmol/L,均明显高于对照组[(0.93±0.16)、(2.38±0.95)mg/L、(61.34±5.73)μmol/L],差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05),而BUN值分别为(2.47±0.40)mmol/L和(1.41±0.42)mmol/L,显著低于对照组[(3.22±0.87)mmol/L],差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05);而A、B组NAG值则分别为(16.72±6.23)U/L和(55.43±20.74)U/L,UMB值则分别为(19.13±7.34)mg/L和(75.23±23.57)mg/L,HbA1c值分别为(5.56±1.53)%和(12.43±4.03)%,水平均明显高于对照组[(10.83±4.45)U/L、(14.24±5.73)mg/L、(4.83±1.63)%],差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论Cys-C、β2-MG、NAG、UMB及HbA1c等肾功能常规指标动态监测对评估妊娠期糖尿病母亲新生儿肾功能变化具有十分重要的临床意义,能及时发现及预防远期肾功能损害,指导临床治疗,临床上应引起足够重视。