中西医联合治疗糖尿病周围神经病变效果观察

目的研究中西医联合治疗糖尿病周围神经病变患者的临床效果。方法按照随机数字表法将2017年7月-2018年6月期间本院收治的72例糖尿病周围神经病变患者分为两组,对照组36例采用常规西医治疗,观察组36例采用中西医联合治疗。将两组的神经传导速度、临床疗效、用药安全性进行比对。结果观察组糖尿病周围神经病变患者治疗后正中神经、尺神经的MNCV、SNCV均快于对照组,临床总有效率高于对照组,P<0.05;两组的不良反应发生率进行比较差异无统计学意义,P>0.05。结论中西医联合治疗糖尿病周围神经病变患者具有较高的有效性和安全性。     

不同时期颅骨修补术对颅脑损伤患者术后神经功能的影响研究

目的探讨不同时期颅骨修补术对颅脑损伤患者术后神经功能的影响。方法 选取我院在2013 年1 月～2020 年1 月收治的60 例颅脑损伤患者为研究对象，随机分为早期组（n=30）与晚期组（n=30），分别予以早期、晚期颅骨修补术；比较两组患者的治疗效果、神经功能、日常生活活动能力及并发症发生情况。结果 （1）早期组优良率为86.67%，明显高于晚期组的60.00%（P＜0.05）。（2）早期组与晚期组术前NIHSS 评分比较，差异无统计学意义（P＞0.05），两组术后NIHSS 评分均明显低于术前，且早期组明显低于晚期组（P＜0.05）。（3）早期组与晚期组术前Barthel 指数比较，差异无统计学意义（P＞0.05），两组术后Barthel 指数均明显高于术前，且早期组明显高于晚期组（P＜0.05）。（4）早期组并发症总发生率为10.00%，明显低于晚期组的23.33%（P＜0.05）。结论 对颅脑损伤患者早期予以颅骨修补术治疗可获得更好的治疗效果，能够明显改善患者神经功能，提高日常生活活动能力，减少并发症的发生。     

A prospective study of high resolution ultrasound in brachial plexopathies – Correlation with electrophysiological measurements

ObjectivesTo evaluate the diagnostic role of ultrasound in brachial plexopathies.MethodsWe included 59 healthy subjects (HS) and 42 patients consecutively referred with clinical suspicion of brachial plexopathy from October 2015 to May 2016. Patients underwent routine electrodiagnostic testing (EDx) as reference standard and a blinded standardised ultrasound examination of the brachial plexus as index test with cross-sectional area (CSA) as the ultrasound parameter of choice.ResultsSeventeen patients were diagnosed by EDx with brachial plexopathy, ten with mononeuropathies, and ten had normal EDx. Five had a cervical radiculopathy. In 11 (64%) out of the 17 patients with EDx diagnosed plexopathy, we found at least one abnormal level on ultrasound. Six (60%) out of ten normal EDx patients had a normal ultrasound examination at all levels. Ultrasound identified the same abnormal level(s) as EDx in eight (73%) of the 11 patients who had both abnormal EDx and ultrasound results. Mean CSA was higher in the plexopathy group compared to HS at the level of the C6 root (p = .022), the middle trunk (p = .027), and the medial cord (p = .003).ConclusionUltrasound examination showed abnormalities in patients with brachial plexopathies in good agreement with EDx.SignificanceUltrasound may be an important supplement to electrodiagnostics in evaluating brachial plexopathies.     

A case of sudden cardiac death due to mitochondrial disease

A 25-year-old, emaciated man without medical treatment was found to have died suddenly at home by his mother. At autopsy, there were no injuries to his body, but significant circulatory insufficiency was observed. Electron microscopy revealed abnormal mitochondria in cells of the cardiac conduction system. The conduction system was filled with mitochondrial size abnormalities and mitochondrial cristae abnormalities. No notable abnormal findings were observed in other organs. Genetic examination of the blood revealed the mitochondrial pathogenetic variant m.3243A>G. Epileptic seizures, diabetic ketoacidosis, and hyperosmolar hyperglycemic state were unlikely to be the cause of sudden death. The cause of death was diagnosed as arrhythmia possibly induced by the failure of the cardiac conduction system due to mitochondrial disease. This is a rare case of sudden death caused by an accumulation of abnormal mitochondria in the cardiac conduction system.