Urinary protein excretion and renal function in young people with diabetes mellitus.

To detect early renal involvement in young diabetic patients (IDDM), urinary protein excretion and renal function were examined in 110 patients aged 5.9-25.0 years. Clearances of inulin and PAH were determined as well as albumin (Alb), IgG, N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminidase (NAG) and creatinine (Cr) excretion rates (UV). The patients were grouped according to IDDM duration (2- less than 5, 5-10 and greater than 10 years) and albumin excretion rate (non-albuminuria less than 20, microalbuminuria 20-200, and albuminuria greater than 200 micrograms/min per 1.73 m2). Four patients had overt albuminuria, 17 microalbuminuria (equally distributed among the duration groups). Grouped according to albumin excretion rate, the mean GFR was increased in those without albuminuria but 'normalized' in patients with microalbuminuria/albuminuria. Grouped according to albumin excretion rate and the duration of the disease, the non-albuminuric patients with IDDM for greater than 10 years had a lower GFR than those with a shorter duration of IDDM. The patients with microalbuminuria/albuminuria and IDDM for less than 5 years had a reduced GFR. Patients with increased NAG excretion rate had lower Na excretion rate, lower fractional Na excretion and greater creatinine excretion than those with normal NAG excretion. Albumin excretion correlated with IgG excretion, but also with NAG excretion. Our results suggest that early albuminuria in IDDM is of both glomerular and tubular origin. The hyperfiltration declines with increasing albumin excretion but also with the duration of the disease.     

体外循环和非体外循环冠脉搭桥术对肾功能的影响

目的：研究体外循环和非体外循环冠脉搭桥术对肾功能的影响。方法：20例接受选择性冠脉搭桥术的患者随机分为2组，10例（A组）为体外循环下冠脉搭桥组，另10例（B组）为非体外循环下冠脉搭桥组，围术期48h内监测肾小球和肾小管功能的改变。结果：两组无住院死亡，心梗和急性肾功能不全，非体外循环冠脉搭桥组尿白蛋白、α1－微球蛋白和NAG较体外循环组明显降低（P＜0．01）。结论：非体外循环冠脉搭桥组较传统体外循环冠脉搭桥组明显减轻对肾功能的损伤。     

用速率法测定尿NAG活性及其临床应用

本文报道用５５０型全自动生化分析仪，以速率法测定尿ＮＡＧ活性及本室尿ＮＡＧ活性的正常参考范围；并对可能影响尿ＮＡＧ活性的尿ＰＨ，尿素浓度等进行了干扰试验及分析。     

NAG infection in tadpoles of Rana temporaria

In a series of experiments 2250 tadpoles were infected with three strains of NAG vibrios. It can be concluded from the results of bacteriological and pathomorphological electron-microscopic and light-optical investigations that during the first 2 days the animals develop and recover from an acute infection, but the vibrios later persist for a long time in the body of the tadpoles and are excreted with the feces into the surrounding medium.Translated from Byulleten' Éksperimental'noi Biologii i Meditsiny, Vol. 82, No. 7, pp. 841–843, July, 1976.     

中药防治婴幼儿哮喘及尿TRF mALB和NAG监测的临床研究

历代医家认为"痰"是哮喘的主要病理因素,临床报道84.8%哮喘患儿在3岁内起病,说明与其"脾常不足"的生理病理特点密切相关.通过观察婴幼儿哮喘发作期(寒热夹杂型)不同中医治法疗效比较,探讨脾虚血瘀在哮喘发病中的重要机制;同时,在哮喘的发作期和缓解期分别检测尿N-乙酰-B-D-氨基葡萄糖苷酶(NAG)、尿微量蛋白(mALB)、转铁蛋白(TRF),观察其不同时期含量变化及与哮喘病情轻重之间的关系,初步探讨哮喘引起肾脏损伤的可能机理;并用尿NAG、mALB、TRF作为早期肾脏损伤的客观指标,对长期防治哮喘所用中药的安全性进行监测,以期对临床用药起指导作用.     

益肾运脾逐瘀方对慢性肾炎患者血肌酐及尿蛋白的影响

目的:观察益肾运脾逐瘀方对慢性肾炎患者血肌酐及尿蛋白的影响。方法:选取本院2013年1月—2014年12月门诊或住院治疗的慢性肾炎患者60例,随机分为对照组和治疗组,每组30例。对照组予颉沙坦、盐酸贝那普利口服治疗,治疗组在对照组基础上加用中药益肾运脾逐瘀方治疗。两组均3个月为1个疗程,1个疗程后比较疗效和尿蛋白、尿NAG酶、血肌酐、尿素氮水平。结果:对照组有效率为80.00%,治疗组有效率为93.33%,治疗组优于对照组(P0.05);治疗组治疗后尿蛋白、尿NAG酶水平优于对照组(P0.05)。结论:益肾运脾逐瘀方治疗慢性肾炎疗效显著,能明显改善患者尿蛋白、尿NAG酶水平。     

RENAL TUBULAR PEPTIDE CATABOLISM IN CHRONIC VASCULAR REJECTION

Chronic vascular rejection (CR) is the commonest cause of renal transplant loss, with few clues to etiology, but proteinuria is a common feature. In diseased native kidneys, proteinuria and progression to failure are linked. We proposed a pathogenic role for this excess protein at a tubular level in kidney diseases of dissimilar origin. We demonstrated in both nephrotic patients with normal function and in those with failing kidneys increased renal tubular catabolisman and turnover rates of a peptide marker, Aprotinin (Apr), linked to increased ammonia excretion and tubular injury. These potentially injurious processes were suppressed by reducing proteinuria with Lisinopril. Do similar mechanisms of renal injury and such a linkage also occur in proteinuric transplanted patients with CR, and if so, is Lisinopril then of beneficial value? We now examine these aspects in 11 patients with moderate/severe renal impairment (⁵¹CrEDTA clearance 26.2 ± 3.3 mL/min/1.73m²), proteinuria (6.1 ± 1.5 g/24 h) and biopsy proven CR. Lisinopril (10–40 mg) was given daily for 2 months in 7 patients. Four others were given oral sodium bicarbonate (Na HCO₃) for 2 months before adding Lisinopril. Renal tubular catabolism of intravenous ^99mTc-Apr (Apr^* 0.5 mg, 80 MBq), was measured before and after Lisinopril by γ-ray renal imaging and urinary radioactivity of the free radiolabel over 26 h. Fractional degradation was calculated from these data. Total 24 h urinary N-acetyl-β-glucoaminidase (NAG) and ammonia excretion in fresh timed urine collections were also measured every two weeks from two months before treatment. After Lisinopril proteinuria fell significantly (from 7.8 ± 2.2 to 3.4 ± 1.9 g/24 h, p < 0.05). This was associated with a reduction in metabolism of Apr^* over 26 h (from 0.5 ± 0.05 to 0.3 ± 0.005% dose/h, p < 0.02), and in fractional degradation (from 0.04 ± 0.009 to 0.02 ± 0.005/h, p <0.01). Urinary ammonia fell, but surprisingly not significantly and this was explained by the increased clinical acidosis after Lisinopril, (plasma bicarbonate fell from 19.1 ± 0.7 to 17.4 ± 0.8 mmol/L, p <0.01), an original observation. Total urinary NAG did fall significantly from a median of 2108 (range 1044–3816) to 1008 (76–2147) μmol/L, p < 0.05. There was no significant change in blood pressure or in measurements of glomerular hemodynamics. In the 4 patients who were given Na HCO₃ before adding Lisinopril, both acidosis (and hyperkalemia) were reversed and neither recurred after adding Lisinopril. These observations in proteinuric transplanted patients after Lisinopril treatment have not been previously described.     

天王补心丹联合丙硫氧嘧啶治疗甲状腺功能亢进的疗效观察

目的探讨丙硫氧嘧啶联合天王补心丹治疗甲状腺功能亢进患者的治疗效果。方法选取2018年1月—2019年6月许昌市人民医院收治甲状腺功能亢进患者86例,随机分为对照组和治疗组,每组各43例。对照组患者口服丙硫氧嘧啶片,初始剂量为100 mg/次,3次/d,然后依据患者甲状腺激素水平改变剂量。治疗组在对照组基础上口服天王补心丹,1丸/次,3次/d。两组患者治疗30 d。观察两组患者临床疗效,同时比较治疗前后两组患者中医证候积分,三碘甲状腺原氨酸(FT3)、四碘甲状腺原氨酸(FT4)、促甲状腺激素(TSH)和促甲状腺素受体抗体(TRAb)指标水平,及随访结果情况。结果治疗后,对照组临床有效率为79.07%,显著低于治疗组的95.35%,两组比较差异具有统计学意义(P0.05)。治疗后,两组中医证候积分均明显降低(P0.05),且治疗组降幅明显大于对照组(P0.05)。治疗后,两组患者FT3、FT4、TRAb的指标均明显下降(P0.05),而TSH指标则明显上升(P0.05),且治疗组明显好于对照组(P0.05)。随访期间治疗组患者的症状控制时间、肝脏损伤时间、TSH指标恢复正常时间均显著短于对照组(P0.05)。结论丙硫氧嘧啶联合天王补心丹治疗甲状腺功能亢进患者疗效显著,并改善患者的甲状腺激素水平,同时安全性好。     

建瓴汤联合卡托普利对大鼠高血压及肾脏的影响

目的研究建瓴汤联合卡托普利对高血压大鼠的降压效应及肾脏保护作用。方法将60只SPF级雄性SD大鼠随机分出10只作为正常组予常规饮食;余50只大鼠予高盐饮食10周,建立高血压模型,造模成功后,将大鼠分为中药组(建瓴汤)、西药组(卡托普利)、西联组(卡托普利和氢氯噻嗪)、中西组(卡托普利和建瓴汤)、模型组(生理盐水),用药3月。分别在用药前、用药1月及3月时测量大鼠尾动脉血压,用药3月后检测各组大鼠尿微量白蛋白(m ALB)及尿N-乙酰-β-D-葡萄糖苷酶(NAG酶)浓度,光镜下观察肾脏病理形态学变化。结果 (1)血压:用药1月后,除中药组外各用药组血压与正常组比较无差异,与模型组比较均下降(P<0.01);用药3月后,与正常组比较,各用药组均无差异。(2)尿m ALB和尿NAG酶:与正常组比较,各组大鼠两指标均升高(P<0.01);与模型组比较,西药组两指标升高(P<0.01);与西药组比较,中药组、中西组均降低(P<0.01)。(3)肾病理形态学变化:中药组、中西组较西药组、西联组肾脏病变程度轻。结论建瓴汤单用有显著降压效应,与卡托普利联用时无协同降压作用,但能拮抗后者对高血压大鼠的肾脏损害作用。     

A novel laboratory procedure to validate American Urological Association guideline on vasectomy success and to diagnose obstructive azoospermia

The objective was to develop a laboratory procedure to validate American Urological Association (AUA) Guideline on vasectomy success when nonmotile spermatozoa are found in the post-vasectomy ejaculate. The neutral α-glucosidase (NAG) an epididymal protein assay modified to determine the activity at 30 and 90 min of incubation from 24 pre- and 47 post-vasectomy ejaculates. The difference between the two points in the relative activity was calculated and if the difference was nonsignificant will confirm vasectomy success. The mean differences in the relative NAG activity were significantly different in pre- and post-vasectomy ejaculates, respectively. The mean differences in the relative NAG activity were similar in post-vasectomy ejaculates with and without nonmotile spermatozoa. No difference in relative NAG activity in post-vasectomy ejaculates between two time points of incubation may be a reliable method to confirm occlusion of the vas deferens. It also validates the recommendation by AUA Guideline on vasectomy success in the presence of few nonmotile spermatozoa.