Cat-301 immunoreactivity in the lateral geniculate nucleus and visual cortex of the strabismic amblyopic cat

Purpose: It was investigated whether alterations in neuronal structure and function occasioned by strabismic amblyopia also may be reflected in alterations in the expression on Y type neurons of a Cat-301 antibody sensitive antigen in the lateral geniculate nucleus (LGN) and cortex of our cat model of strabismic amblyopia. Methods/Results: The percentage of positively labelled cells was reduced in LGN laminae that received input from the deviated eye in strabismic amblyopic cats compared with normal cats. In the strabismic cortex, the density of immunopositive neurons was significantly reduced compared with normal, the effect being most pronounced in layer IV Conclusions: Despite previous physiological recordings indicating a decrease in X-cell associated acuity in strabismic amblyopia, the present findings imply that the changes in the early visual experience occasioned by strabismus also produce specific molecular changes in theY neuronal class.     

4125例哈萨克族儿童斜视及弱视调查

本文对本地区五个县九所哈萨克族小学学生共计4125人进行了斜视、弱视的调查。调查对象全部为4—14岁哈萨克儿童。在受检儿童中发现斜视者48例,患病率为1.1％。外斜视32例占66.67％,内斜视16例占33.33％,斜视并有弱视者15例占31.25％。斜视而视力正常者33例占68.75％。在4125例受检儿童中发现弱视139例(209只眼),其患病率为3.37％,双眼弱视70例,单眼弱视69例,二者无显著差异。139例弱视中男性患者73例,女性患者66例,二者亦无差异。209例只弱视眼中轻度弱视84只眼占40.19％,中度弱视104只眼占49.76％,重度弱视21只眼共占10.05％。调查中笔者发现哈萨克族儿童弱视眼尤以屈光不正为多,209例眼中有106只为单纯性远视眼,因此笔者提出如何早期发现屈光不正并予以纠正将有可能防止许多弱视的发生。     

学龄前儿童的屈光异常与弱视调查

目的了解屈光检查在学龄前儿童弱视普查中的临床用途。方法应用日本尼康手提全自动检影仪对学龄前儿童进行小瞳孔验光,发现屈光有异常的儿童,再进一步进行散瞳检影验光。结果学龄前儿童屈光异常主要以远视散光和混合散光为主,近视与近视散光较少。学龄前儿童屈光异常的发病率是7.87%,弱视发病率为4.04%,接近全国其他同类报告(3.83%)。结论儿童弱视屈光普查优于视力普查,准确性高、效率高。     

思利巴联合传统综合法治疗儿童弱视疗效分析

目的探讨治疗儿童弱视的有效疗法。方法108例年龄4～13岁的弱视患儿，按照患者的弱视程度，注视性质，随机分成两组，一组为：根据年龄饭后口服思利巴1、2片，每天2次，连续3个月，服药过程如出现副作用即停药。同时进行传统方法治疗：遮盖，精细目力训练，后像红闵仪训练；另一组（对照组）：只进行传统方法治疗：遮盖，精细目力训练，后像红闪仪训练。结果服药组有效率达100％，而对照组有效率达81．8％。结论思利巴联合传统方法（遮盖，精细目力训练，后像红闪仪训练）治疗儿童弱视疗效佳、疗程短、疗效巩固。     

左旋多巴对弱视眼视诱发电位影响的研究

目的:探讨左旋多巴治疗弱视的效果。方法:正常眼和弱视眼服用单次剂量左旋多巴前后进行图形视诱发电位(pattem visual evoked poten-tial,PVEP)检测。结果:正常眼服药后中空间频率PVEP的N_1P_1振幅和高空间频率PVEP的P_1N_2振幅增大,弱视眼服药后低空间频率PVEP的N_1波潜伏期和中空间频率PVEP的P_1波潜伏期缩短。结论:左旋多巴可改善弱视眼的视功能,可作为弱视的一种新的治疗方法。眼科学报1997;13:182—185。     

Neural site of strabismic amblyopia in cats: spatial frequency deficit in primary cortical neurons

Summary The acuities of cells in the primary visual cortex of five tenotomized strabismic cats were measured. Previous behavioural studies have shown such animals to possess a severe amblyopia of approximately 1.5 octaves of spatial frequency, yet the acuities of both retinal ganglion and lateral geniculate X-cells are normal. The receptive fields of the cortical cells sampled were within 5° of the area centralis projection. On average, the acuities of cortical cells driven by the amblyopic eye were nearly 1 octave less than those for the non-deviating eye. However, the best cell acuities for each eye were nearly the same. The relationship between ocular dominance and cell acuity was found to be different for the two eyes despite a symmetrical ocular dominance distribution. The acuity deficit for cells driven through the amblyopic eye was present at all depths along the electrode tracks. We conclude that in this model amblyopia, the initial spatial processing deficit lies in the visual cortex, and most probably in the cells of layer IV. Further-more, the presence of a few cells driven by the amblyopic eye which can perform nearly as well as those from the fellow eye in processing high spatial frequencies gives new insight into the way in which strabismic and deprivation amblyopias differ.     

屈光参差性弱视3种空间频率多导视觉诱发电位地形图研究

目的：研究屈光参差性弱视儿童三种空间频率多导视觉诱发电位地形图的变化特征,探讨弱视的发生机理。方法：选取13.7'、27.5'及55.3'种方格对单眼屈光参差性弱视眼及对侧眼进行多导视觉诱发电位地形图的研究。结果：（1）3种空间频率所有导致,弱视眼的P1潜伏期同正常组相比显著延迟;弱视眼的N1P1振幅在枕区导联降低。（2）P1潜伏期及N1P1振幅的分布不同于正常组。（3）地形图：枕区高电位活动不对称分布增多,以向右侧偏位为主,并出现半视野刺激样反应。（4）弱视对侧眼的P1潜伏期及N1P1振幅的异常主要发生在高空间频率。结论：屈光参差性弱视眼的P和M通道可能都受到了视觉发育敏感期异常视觉经验的影响;左侧半球的视皮层或传导通路更易受到发育早期不正常的视觉经历的影响;弱视对侧眼也存在一定程度的异常改变。     

不同类型儿童弱视的视觉眼电图研究

目的：探讨不同类型弱视在视网膜水平的改变。方法：对４种类型的弱视儿童８６例分别进行ＶＥＯＧ测试,并与正常对照组进行比较分析。结果：形觉剥夺性弱视组的光峰电位、电势差值和Ａｒｄｅｎ比明显偏高;屈光参差性弱视组光峰电位偏低,光峰时间延长;屈光不正性弱视组中,近视屈光状态者暗谷电位增大,Ａｒｄｅｎ比与Ｇｌｉｅｍ比偏低,远视屈光状态者则无明显变化;斜视性弱视组各参数未见明显差异。结论：提示在视网膜水平不同     

多焦视诱发电位在屈光不正性弱视眼视功能检查中的应用

本文用多焦视诱发电位研究屈光不正性弱视眼在视野不同离心度的视功能变化。刺激图形由６１个小六边形组成。刺激野直径约１３．６度。在电脑程序控制下,各六边形同时并互相独立地进行刺激,自动分离提取到各自的反应波形。屈光不正性弱视眼与正常对照眼比较,在刺激图形中心区潜伏期延长,振幅下降,差异有显著性。本研究证实,屈光不正性弱视眼视野中心区视功能下降比周边区显著     

增视明目丸对儿童弱视疗效观察

目的：观察增视明目丸对儿童弱视的疗效，方法：用增视明目丸治疗儿童弱视１１０例（１８５只眼）对不同程度，不同类型，不同注视性质，不同年龄弱视眼的疗效进行比较，并对基本治愈眼中的１１５只眼进行了随访观察，结果：基本治愈１５０只眼（８１．１％）其中１１５只眼经３年随访，９８只眼视力保持正常，占８２．５％，总有效率为９７．３％，治疗效果与弱视程度，类型注视性质及患者年龄显著相关，结论：增视明目丸是治疗儿童