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《Acta histochemica》2022,124(4):151895
Cancer is a disease characterised by abnormal cell growth that can invade or spread to other regions of the body. Organoids are three-dimensional ex vivo tissue cultures made from embryonic stem cells, induced pluripotent stem cells, progenitor cells or tissue that serve as a physiological model for cancer research. These are designed to recapitulate the in vivo properties of tumours. Importantly, effective recapitulation of the structure of tissues and function is believed to predict patient response, allowing for the creation of personalised therapy in a timely manner that may be used in the clinic. This Review discusses the pre-clinical model and different types of human organoids as models for the development of high throughput drug screening and also aims to highlight how organoids are shaping the future of cancer research. 相似文献
5.
Jan K. Lacki Kamilla Klama Stefan H. Mackiewicz Urszula Mackiewicz Wolfgang Müller 《Inflammation research》1995,44(1):24-26
In order to evaluate the relationship between serum concentrations of interleukin-10 (IL-10), IL-6, and acute phase proteins in rheumatoid arthritis (RA) patients treated with methotrexate (MTX) or intramuscular gold (IMG) we determined IL-10, IL-6, C-reactive protein (CRP), alpha-1-acid glycoprotein (AGP) and alpha-1-antichymotrypsin (ACT) in the sera of 35 RA patients. IL-10 and IL-6 levels were evaluated using an enzyme-linked immunoassay (ELISA). AGP and ACT level were measured using rocket immunoelectrophoresis. IL-10 serum level was not increased in RA patients as compared to controls (58.7 ± 18.1 pg/ml vs. 57.2 ± 11.9 pg/ml). IL-6 level was significantly elevated (91.6 ± 46.9 pg/ml vs. 45 ± 19 pg/ml, p < 0.05). CRP was significantly increased as compared to healthy controls (35 ± 19 mg/l vs. 3 ± 2 mg/l, p < 0.05). Patients treated with MTX or IMG presented an increased level of IL-10 and decreased amounts of IL-6, as compared to those treated with NSAID only. However, only changes between patients treated with IMG and NSAID were found to be statistically significant. A good negative correlation between IL-10 and IL-6 serum level was found (r = –0.75, p < 0.05). A positive significant correlation between IL-6 serum level and CRP (r = 0.62, p < 0.05), AGP (r = 0.78, p < 0.05) and ACT (r = 0.45, p < 0.05) was established. On the other hand, a negative correlation between IL-10 and serum level of CRP (r = –0.76, p < 0.05), AGP (r = –0.64, p < 0.05) and ACT (r = –0.38, p < 0.05) was also observed. Moreover, these relationships were maintained when patients treated with MTX, IMG, or NSAID were analyzed independently. According to the data thus far obtained, it seems that IL-10 decreases IL-6 production, and thereby indirectly affects the acute phase response, decreasing CRP, AGP, and ACT concentration in RA patients.Abbreviations ACT
-1-antichymotrypsin
- AGP
1-acid glycoprotein
- APP
acute phase protein
- CRP
C-reactive protein
- CSF
colony stimulating factor
- IFN
interferon
- IL
interleukin
- IMG
intramuscular gold
- MTX
methotrexate
- NSAID
non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug
- RA
rheumatoid arthritis 相似文献
6.
C. Wolfrom R. Hepp R. Hartmann H. Breithaupt G. Henze 《European journal of clinical pharmacology》1990,39(4):377-383
Summary The pharmacokinetics of methotrexate (MTX), 7-hydroxymethotrexate (7-OHMTX), 2,4-diaminomethylpteroic acid (APA), folinic acid, and 5-methyltetrahydrofolate (5-MTHF) have been studied during 21 high-dose MTX (HDMTX) infusions (5 g·m–2 in 24 h) with leucovorin (LCV) rescue, a component of the therapy of 5 children with acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL).The median steady-state concentration of MTX was 66 mol·l–1. Three elimination half-lifes were determined for MTX: 1.8 h, 6.4 h and a terminal 15 h. The median systemic MTX clearance was 110 mg·m–2·min–1.The 7-OHMTX level increased during each infusion and a Cmax of 19 mol·l–1 was achieved at the end. Its initial half-life was 5 h and the terminal half-life was 12 h. Thus, the peak serum concentration ratio of 7-OHMTX to MTX was reached 24 h after the end of the infusion at a median ratio of 8.The MTX metabolite APA was detected in concentrations less than 0.06 mol·l–1. The median folinic acid level during rescue, 48 h after starting the infusion, was 7.0 mol·l–1 and 18 h following the last dose of LCV it was 0.44 mol·l–1, leading to ratios of folinic acid to MTX of 31 and 6, respectively. The median 5-MTHF level during rescue was 0.44 mol·l–1 with a median ratio of 5-MTHF to MTX of 2.Twenty infusions with 48 h MTX levels of less than 0.5 mol·l–1 were without marked toxicity. Only one patient with a 48 h MTX concentration of 5.5 mol·l–1 and a ratio of 5-MTHF to MTX of 0.08 suffered from ulcerating mucositis and septicaemia despite increased and prolonged LCV rescue. 相似文献
7.
联合给药法治疗强直性脊柱炎 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
目的 采用氨甲喋呤(MTX)、抑氮磺胺吡啶(SASP) 非甾体类药(NSAIDs)“递减法”联合给药治疗78例强直性脊柱炎(AS的临床疗效观察。方法 SASP0.5g,2次/日,服1周后改为0.75g,2次/日,第2周后改为1.0g,2次/日,以后每周1.0g,2次/日,疗程2年,MTS5mg,1次/周,每周递增5mg,加量至15~20mg/周时维持0.5~1年,NSAIDs疗程为3个月左右减半量 相似文献
8.
Detection of contamination with antineoplastic agents in a hospital pharmacy department 总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4
Paul J. M. Sessink Rob B. Anzion Petra H. H. Van den Broek Rob P. Bos 《Pharmacy World & Science》1992,14(1):16-22
The contamination with fluorouracil, cyclophosphamide and methotrexate was studied in a hospital pharmacy department where these drugs were prepared. In the preparation room, air samples were taken before and during preparation of the drugs. Methotrexate was detected in one sample which was collected during preparation (0.3g/m3). Spot samples were taken in the vertical laminar airflow safety hood before and after preparation of the drugs and after cleaning of the hood. Contamination of the laminar airflow hood was: cyclophosphamide: 1–160 ng/cm2; fluorouracil: 10–62 ng/cm2 and methotrexate: 2–633 ng/cm2. Spot samples from the floor in front of and beneath the laminar airflow hood showed contamination with especially fluorouracil (48–236g/m2). The gloves used during preparation of the drugs were contaminated mainly with fluorouracil (5–980 ng/cm2). Urine samples from two workers involved in the preparation of the drugs were analysed for unmetabolized cyclophosphamide; it was not detected. Although no uptake of cyclophosphamide was established, it is shown that the methods for measurement of cyclophosphamide, fluorouracil and methotrexate in the preparation room are applicable for the control of occupational exposure to these drugs. 相似文献
9.
两种慢作用抗风湿药联合治疗类风湿关节炎临床观察 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
目的 观察两种慢作用抗风湿药联合治疗类风湿关节炎 (RA)的疗效及安全性。方法 50例活动期RA患者随机分为两组 ,每组 2 5例 ,第 1组服用甲氨蝶呤 (MTX) 1 0mg/周 +雷公藤多甙 2 0mg ,每日 3次 ;第 2组服用MTX 1 0mg/周 +柳氮磺吡啶 (SASP) 1 0g ,每日 2次 ,观察 3个月。 结果 MTX +雷公藤多甙组在 6、1 2周的有效率分别为 84% ,92 % ,不良反应发生率为 36 % ,MTX +SASP组为 56 % ,88% ,不良反应发生率为 2 8%。结论 MTX +雷公藤多甙组及MTX +SASP组治疗RA的疗效相似 ,均优于单独应用MTX ,副作用无明显增加 相似文献
10.
Successful medical management of ovarian pregnancy 总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4
S. Mittal V. Dadhwal P. Baurasi 《International journal of gynaecology and obstetrics》2003,80(3):309-310