皮革胃患者术后生存情况预测的列线图模型研究

目的:构建皮革胃患者术后预后的列线图预测模型,并验证其准确性。方法:收集2008年12月—2014年9月共203例在福建医科大学附属协和医院胃外科行R_0切除的皮革胃患者的临床病理资料。根据Cox逻辑回归分析确定的独立预后因素,用R软件建立列线图预测模型,并分析所建模型对皮革胃患者预后预测的准确度。结果:全组患者中,男152例,女51例,其平均年龄为60.3(21～89)岁;II期患者25例(12.3%),III期患者178例(87.7%);中位随访时间38(2～111)个月;3、5年总体生存率分别为31.2%、18.7%。多因素分析结果示,BMI(P=0.006)、肿瘤细胞分化程度(P=0.042)、T分期(P=0.032)、N分期(P=0.032)、ASA评分(P=0.016)是预后的独立危险因素。根据以上独立危险因素建立列线图,并根据列线图的得分将患者进行危险分组分析发现,高危组(16分)、中危组(8～16分)和低危组(≤8分)患者的生存差异有统计学意义(P0.001)。列线图的线性χ~2、阳性似然比、赤池信息量值准则均优于第七版AJCC-TNM分期系统(68.99 vs. 58.58、70.18 vs. 58.36、1 473.38 vs. 1 485.04)。结论:所建立的列线图模型能有效预测皮革胃患者的术后总体生存率,其预测准确度优于第7版AJCC-TNM分期系统,但该结果仍需进一步通过大宗的病例和多中心研究验证。     

Colorectal linitis plastica

Primary linitis plastica of the colon is an uncommon tumor, with only 22 cases having been previously reported. Experience with two men and one woman between 17 and 55 years of age, portraying a spectrum of clinical presentations ranging from rectal bleeding to large-bowel obstruction, is reviewed. Clinical and radiologic characteristics and histologic features helpful in making the diagnosis are detailed. Though the prognosis is grim, resective surgery, including oophorectomy in women, should be undertaken. Adjuvant therapy has been disappointing.     

Metastatic Gastric Linitis Plastica from Bladder Cancer Mimicking a Primary Gastric Carcinoma: a Case Report

Primary gastric carcinoma is the most common cause of linitis plastica. Less frequently, metastatic gastric cancer from the breast, omental metastases and non-Hodgkin lymphoma involving the stomach have been reported to show similar radiographic findings as for linitis plastica. A metastatic gastric cancer from bladder cancer is extremely rare. We present an unusual case, the first to our knowledge, of gastric linitis plastica that resulted from a metastatic urothelial carcinoma of the bladder.     

Primary linitis plastica of the rectum

Five cases of primary linitis plastica of the rectum are presented. The clinical, radiologic, and pathologic features of the disease are described with emphasis on the difficulty in establishing a correct preoperative diagnosis. Because the histologic features of primary and secondary linitis plastica are indistinguishable and because secondary involvement is twice as common as primary, it is mandatory that other sites of origin are excluded and that both the proximal and distal margins of the resected area be free of tumor. Read at the joint meeting of the American Society of Colon and Rectal Surgeons and the Royal Society of Medicine, London, England, June 18 to 20, 1979.     

Endoscopic ultrasound-guided deep and large biopsy for diagnosis of gastric infiltrating tumors with negative malignant endoscopy biopsies

AIM: To assess the diagnostic yield and safety of adeep and large biopsy technique under the guidance of endoscopic ultrasound(EUS) for diagnosis of gastric infiltrating tumors with negative malignant endoscopy biopsies.METHODS: From January 2009 to March 2014, 36 patients in whom gastric infiltrating tumors had been diagnosed by EUS received negative results for malignancy after endoscopic biopsies. The deep and large biopsy technique combined bite-on-bite technique with or without endoscopic mucosal resection(EMR) to obtain submucosal tissue from lesions. EUS was used to select the appropriate biopsy sites. If the lesion protruded into the cavity, EMR was performed for removal of the overlying mucosa and then bite-onbite technique was conducted in the resected area to obtain submucosal tissue. If the lesion appeared to be flat or was difficult to lift by injection, the bite-on-bite technique was directly used.RESULTS: Twenty-eight of the 36 patients were treated by EMR followed by bite-on-bite technique, while 8 patients only underwent bite-on-bite technique. Histological results showed 23 of the 36 lesions were poorly differentiated adenocarcinomas, 2 diffuse large B cell lymphomas, 4 mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue-type lymphomas, and 7 undiagnosed. The deep and large biopsy technique provided a definitive and conclusive diagnosis in 29(80.6%) of the 36 patients. The 12 gastric linitis plastica and 6 lymphoma patients received chemotherapy and avoided surgery. Minor oozing of blood in 2 mucosal resection wounds was managed by argon plasma coagulation and in 5 cases after deep biopsies by epinephrine(0.001%). Neither severe hemorrhage nor perforation occurred in any patient.CONCLUSION: The deep and large biopsy technique is superior to ordinary endoscopic biopsy for achieving an accurate diagnosis of gastric infiltrating tumors.This procedure guided by EUS is an effective and safe diagnostic method for gastric infiltrating tumors in which endoscopic biopsy results were negative for malignancy.     

BorrmannⅣ型胃癌的临床特征和外科治疗

目的探讨BorrmannⅣ型胃癌的临床特征和治疗方法。方法回顾性总结29例BorrmannⅣ型胃癌的临床资料,分析本型胃癌的临床表现、病理特点以及手术治疗的特殊性。结果全部患者均有上腹饱胀、隐痛不适、食欲不振,同时伴有明显的进行性消瘦,短期内体重明显减轻等临床症状。术前病理确诊为本型胃癌者24例。5例患者胃镜诊断为浅表型胃炎。获根治性切除22例,姑息性远侧胃切除者3例,放弃手术者4例。其1、2、3年生存率分别为38.9%、8.3%、0%。结论(1)BorrmannⅣ型胃癌是一种恶性程度极高的胃癌,其具有独特的生物学特性,治疗效果差,生存期短,预后不佳。(2)对BorrmannⅣ型胃癌应强调以根治性全胃切除和联合脏器切除为主的综合治疗方法。     

Prognostic factors in patients with diffuse type gastric cancer (linitis plastica) after operative treatment

Objective

Treatment options for patients with diffuse type gastric cancer (linitis plastica) are discussed controversial. It is sometimes discussed that these patients should be treated primarily in palliative intention conservative without resection.

Methods

In a single-center analysis, we investigated 120 patients with diffuse type gastric cancer. All patients underwent a total gastrectomy, 45 patients even a multivisceral resection because of infiltrating growth, or metastases. Serum tumor marker CEA, CA 72-4, and CA 19-9 were recorded in all patients before surgery. An immunocytochemical detection of free peritoneal tumor cells (FPTC) using Ber-EP4 antibody was correlated with tumor stage and survival. Median follow-up time was 38 months.

Results

Complete resection rate was 31% (n = 37). 61% (n = 73) of all patients had already distant metastases at the time of surgery, 80% of them peritoneal carcinomatosis. Median survival for the whole group was 8 months, after complete resection 17 months. Lavage cytology, distant metastases, resection rate, and CA19-9 levels had significant influence on survival.

Conclusion

A significant survival advantage for patients with diffuse type gastric cancer can only be achived after complete resection. We could define a subset of patients with an extremely poor prognosis even after surgical resection. Meticulous preoperative staging, including a diagnostic laparoscopy to exclude peritoneal carcinomatosis and free peritoneal tumor cells before resection should be mandatory in these patients.

     

Primary linitis plastica of the descending colon: A case report

A rare case of primary linitis plastica carcinoma of the colon seen in a 44 year old Japanese man is described herein. The patient had a complete obstruction of the descending colon and was treated with a loop colostomy followed shortly afterward by a left hemicolectomy. At the time of the second operation, the entire thickness of the colonic wall was found to be infiltrated by cancer cells, however, the other intraabdominal organs were free of cancerous involvement. The histopathological diagnosis made at this time was primary linitis plastica carcinoma of the descending colon. Nine months later, the patient developed an intestinal obstruction and relaparotomy revealed diffuse peritoneal dissemination. Two years after the first operation, upper GI films and a gastrofiberscopic examination revealed gastric involvement. The patient died 28 months after his initial operation, and autopsy revealed widespread metastases in the peritoneal surface, paraaortic lymph nodes, small intestine, remaining colon and stomach.     

超声内镜在胃浸润性肿瘤诊断中的价值

目的 探讨超声内镜对胃浸润性肿瘤的诊断价值，提高其内镜诊断率。方法 分析44例胃浸润性肿瘤(皮革胃41例，胃淋巴瘤3例)的内镜结果，对其中29例行超声内镜检查，并分析其超声影像特征。结果 皮革胃和胃淋巴瘤内镜活检阳性率为43．2％(19／44)。超声内镜显示病变胃壁弥漫性增厚，以2、3和4层为主，回声减弱，胃壁层次尚可见，部分病例仅见4层结构。超声内镜诊断准确率为100％。结论 超声内镜对胃镜活检阴性的胃浸润性肿瘤具有重要的诊断价值，但不能鉴别皮革胃和胃淋巴瘤。     

Linitis plastica in a child

Anaplastic infiltrative adenocarcinoma of the linitis plastica morphologic type is rare in children. The case of a 15-year-old child with this unusual form of gastric carcinoma is presented. One year postoperatively following radiation and chemotherapy, the child is free of disease.