The use of circular frame external fixation in the treatment of ankle/hindfoot Charcot Neuroarthropathy

Charcot Neuroarthropathy (CN) of the ankle/hindfoot is a devastating condition that results in a loss of alignment, bony malleolar protrusions and frequently leads to ulceration, infection, and amputation. Major limb amputations in this patient population has a 5-year mortality rate approximating 39%–68%. The treatment goal for CN of the ankle/hindfoot is to provide stability with a plantigrade foot that is infection free, shoeable and allows independent weight bearing. The use of a circular frame external fixator is often required when treating patients with CN of the ankle/hindfoot because they often present late with deformity, soft tissue compromise and infection which are contraindications to primary internal fixation. These patients require urgent surgical attention to salvage the limb or risk amputation. In this narrative review article we will discuss the indications, management options, surgical technique, evidence and describe our experience in the use of circular frame external fixation in patients with ankle/hindfoot Charcot Neuroarthropathy.     

Prospective Study of Radial Artery Occlusion Following Transradial Arterial Access during IR Procedures

PurposeTo prospectively determine the rate of radial artery occlusion (RAO) in patients undergoing transradial access for intra-arterial interventions.Materials and MethodsSeventy-seven patients undergoing transradial access from August 2019 to March 2021 for 120 intra-arterial procedures (yttrium-90 mapping [n = 39] and radioembolization [n = 38], uterine artery embolization [n = 19], transarterial chemoembolization [n = 10], active bleed embolization [n = 8], angiomyolipoma embolization [n = 4], and other [n = 2]) were enrolled. The average patient age was 59 years ± 13.1 (range, 30–90 years), and 43 (55.8%) of the 77 patients were men. The patients underwent radial artery (RA) palpation, ultrasound evaluation, the Barbeau test, and the reverse Barbeau test prior to and following the intervention. Verapamil, nitroglycerin, and heparin were administered in a total of 114 (95%) of the 120 procedures prior to starting the procedure. The incidence of RAO and radial artery spasm (RAS) was calculated, and univariate logistic regression was performed to analyze the predictors of RAS.ResultsThe preprocedural RA diameter (3.0 mm ± 0.67) was not significantly different from the postprocedural RA diameter (3.0 mm ± 0.65, P = .904). The RAO rate was determined to be 0.8% (1/120), and this artery recanalized within 1 week. Due to the small number of occlusions, statistical analysis of predictors of RAO was not performed. The rate of RAS was 22.7% (27/119). None of the variables tested—including age, sex, RA diameter, initial versus repeat access, operator experience, and artery puncture technique—showed significant prediction for RAS. Patients were seen for follow-up after 111 (92.5%) of the 120 procedures.ConclusionsTransradial access resulted in a <1% rate of RAO.     

Psychosocial reactions to upper extremity limb salvage: A case series

Study Design

Case series.

The impact of exome sequencing on the diagnostic yield of muscular dystrophies in consanguineous families

Muscular dystrophies (MDs) are a heterogeneous group of inherited disorders that are characterized by progressive skeletal muscle weakness and dystrophic changes on muscle biopsy. The broad genetic and clinical heterogeneity of MDs make the accurate diagnosis difficult via conventional approaches. This study investigated 23 patients from eight unrelated consanguineous families with MDs. Previous clinical assessments did not accurately clarify the type of their MD and/or misdiagnose them with another disease. Exome sequencing (ES) is an efficient, time-saving, and cost-effective tool, enabling disease-causing variant (DCV) detection in affected individuals. We investigated the use of ES to diagnose MD and discover the underlying genetic etiology. We achieved a remarkable diagnostic success rate of 87.5% (7 out of 8 families) which is the highest rate reported thus far compared to previous studies. We identified two novel pathogenic variants in DYSF gene (c.4179delG, c.1149+3G > C). The latter variant impacts the splicing machinery of DYSF mRNA. Moreover, we further assessed the pathogenicity of four recurrent variants ((DYSF, c.4076T > C), (GMPPB, c.458C > T), (SGCA, c.739G > A) (TTN, c.7331G > A), designated their neurological impact and added new phenotypes in patients with these variants. To our knowledge, this is the first study applying an ES-based comprehensive molecular diagnosis to Jordanian cohort with MDs. Our findings confirmed that ES is a powerful approach for the diagnosis of MD patients. This efficient method of molecular diagnosis is crucial for guiding patient clinical care, genetic counseling, and most importantly, paving the way for gene therapy which is currently in clinical trials.     

8字钢板临时阻滞在儿童下肢不等长中的应用效果分析

目的探讨8字钢板临时骨骺阻滞在儿童下肢不等长(lower limb discrepancy,LDD)治疗中的有效性及可行性。方法回顾性分析自2011年11月至2017年1月复旦大学附属儿科医院小儿骨科收治的14例LLD患儿临床资料,通过双下肢全长站立位X线片测量术前、术后股骨、胫骨长度变化,通过生长曲线分析使用8字钢板临时阻滞术后肢体不等长的改善情况,计算其在骨骺阻滞中的作用和效率。结果对14例患儿共17个部位(股骨远端及胫骨近端)行内外侧联合8字钢板阻滞,平均随访时间(29.4±8.53)个月,阻滞长度中位数为18.8 mm(5~40 mm),平均阻滞率为(59.5±18.0)%。本组病例均未出现骨骺早闭及骺板损伤的情况。此外通过分析发现,阻滞部位(胫骨近端或股骨远端)、年龄、性别、侧别对阻滞率没有影响(P>0.05),而骨骺阻滞时间与阻滞率呈正相关(r=0.438,P<0.05)。结论8字钢板在LLD中的临时性骨骺阻滞为非完全性阻滞,可以作为LLD病人治疗的一种选择,但是其矫形能力有限,术前应充分评估患儿的生长潜力。此外,术后密切随访也是取得理想治疗效果的关键。     

汪沟遗址仰韶文化居民的肢骨特征

目的 探讨新石器时代居民体质发育情况。方法 参照《人体测量方法》，对汪沟遗址出土的108例人骨标本的肱骨、胫骨和股骨主要测量项分别进行测量，用Excel 2019软件对肢骨指数、性别二态性和身高进行对比分析。结果 肱骨、股骨整体发育水平较同时期对比组强壮，较内蒙古地区对比组弱，股骨中部肌肉附着偏少；两性肱骨粗壮程度差异无统计学意义（t＝0.811 ，P>0.05），股骨粗壮程度差异无统计学意义（t＝0.63，P>0.05）；男性股骨最大长变异范围在40.6~49.4 cm，在对比组中处于中等偏低水平；男性平均身高为166.22 cm，变异范围在164.47~167.68 cm。女性平均身高为158.06 cm，变异范围在154.02~160.34 cm；两性身高差异性显著（t＝4.96，P<0.01）；汪沟组两性差异性指数为5.7%。结论 汪沟组男性肱骨、胫骨、股骨整体比女性强壮，男性上肢发育比女性强壮，下肢强壮程度的差异不大。我们推测汪沟组男性与女性生长过程中获得的营养相差不多。     

中西医结合护理对四肢远端骨折术后恢复的影响

目的:观察中西医结合护理对四肢远端骨折术后恢复的影响。方法:选取88例四肢远端骨折术后患者,按随机数字表法分为对照组与观察组各44例。对照组行常规护理,观察组行中西医结合护理,比较2组术后疼痛程度、肢体功能恢复情况及并发症发生率。结果:术后1 d,2组VAS评分比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。术后3 d、7 d,2组VAS评分均较术后1 d降低(P<0.05),观察组VAS评分均低于同期对照组(P<0.05)。观察组肢体功能恢复优良率86.36%,高于对照组的68.18%,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。观察组术后并发症发生率11.36%,低于对照组的29.55%,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论:中西医结合护理可有效缓解四肢远端骨折患者术后疼痛度,提升肢体功能恢复效果,减少并发症发生。