Barrett食管伴滑动性食管裂孔疝腹腔镜治疗疗效观察

目的探究合并滑动性食管裂孔疝的Barrett食管患者经腹腔镜下治疗后生活质量和食管黏膜病变的改善情况。 方法回顾性收集首都医科大学宣武医院胃食管反流中心2016年1月至2020年12月诊断为Barrett食管伴滑动性食管裂孔疝患者23例，接受腹腔镜食管裂孔疝修补+胃底折叠术，于术前和术后12周时行胃镜、胃食管反流病自测量表（Gerd Q）评分、反流症状指数（RSI）评分、健康调查量表36（SF-36）调查问卷，评估患者术后生活质量和食管黏膜改善情况。 结果23例伴滑动性食管裂孔疝的Barrett患者术后12周随访显示3例患者黏膜病变部分消退。患者术后GerdQ、RSI相较术前均有明显改善（GerdQ：5.78±1.54 vs 11.65±1.50，P=0.00；RSI：9.70±1.92 vs 18.57±3.01，P=0.00），SF-36量表仅在生理功能方面改善不明显（85.87±4.16 vs 86.43±3.12，P=0.31），生理职能、情感职能、活力、精神健康、社会功能、躯体疼痛和总体健康方面均明显改善（生理职能：66.43±6.13 vs 35.48±2.86，P=0.00；情感职能：73.74±4.91 vs 65.22±2.58，P=0.00；活力：56.96±3.80 vs 50.30±4.56，P=0.00；精神健康：62.09±4.89 vs 53.26±2.07，P=0.00；社会功能：81.39±4.42 vs 74.00±3.59，P=0.00；躯体疼痛：80.00±6.84 vs 75.30±10.27，P=0.00；总体健康：69.17±5.68 vs 60.17±4.61，P=0.00）。 结论腹腔镜食管裂孔疝修补+胃底折叠术对伴滑动性食管裂孔疝的Barrett食管患者生活质量和黏膜病变均有一定改善。     

以患者为中心的护理模式在腹腔镜胆囊切除术中的应用及对患者应激反应的影响

目的 探讨以患者为中心的护理模式在腹腔镜胆囊切除术中的应用效果及对患者应激反应的影响。方法 选取2019年3月至2021年3月于我院行腹腔镜胆囊切除术的64例患者,按照入组单双顺序平均分为观察组(以患者为中心的护理模式)与对照组(常规急诊护理)各32例。比较两组的生理应激反应、心理应激反应和术后恢复情况。结果 干预后,观察组的胰岛素、皮质醇水平及HAMA、 HAMD评分低于对照组,肾上腺素水平高于对照组(P<0.05)。观察组的VAS评分低于对照组,肛门排气及下床活动时间短于对照组(P<0.05)。结论 以患者为中心的护理模式可减轻急诊胆囊切除术患者的生理及心理应激反应,促进患者术后康复。     

Transhiatal lower mediastinal lymph node dissection for esophagogastric junction carcinoma by interconnecting four body cavities

BackgroundDue to the limited number of landmark structures, it is difficult to standardize the surgical procedures for advanced esophagogastric junction cancer such as Ivor Lewis esophagectomy that require transhiatal lower mediastinal lymph node dissection (TH-LMND). We demonstrate an easily reproducible procedure for TH-LMND, wherein four body cavities, namely, the abdominal cavity, infracardiac bursa (ICB), and left and right thoracic cavities are interconnected.MethodsFirst, the dissection between the right crus and the esophagus was used to connect the abdominal cavity to the ICB — a lower mediastinal cavity separated from the omental bursa during embryonic development [1,2]. Second, the right thoracic cavity was opened with the shortest distance by dissecting the cranial side of the ICB. The right pulmonary ligament was dissected from the right lung. Third, the dissection to the contralateral side while exposing the aorta and the pericardium connected the left and right thoracic cavities. Then, the left pulmonary ligament was dissected from the left lung. The dissected tissues, including the lymph nodes, were subsequently peeled from the esophagus.ResultsBetween April 2018 and August 2021, 14 patients underwent laparoscopic or robotic TH-LMND via the procedure above. The median time required to complete the dissection was 75 min. None of the procedures were converted to open surgery, and none of the patients experienced intraoperative complications such as pericardial injury, lung injury, or massive bleeding.ConclusionThe surgical concept of interconnecting four body cavities made the procedure more accessible and reproducible while achieving en bloc TH-LMND.     

协同式早期运动干预在腹腔镜结直肠癌手术患者中的应用

目的 探讨协同式早期运动干预在腹腔镜结直肠癌手术患者中的应用效果。方法 使用随机数字表法将2020年5月-2021年5月于笔者所在医院进行腹腔镜结直肠癌手术的84例患者分为对照组和干预组,各42例。对照组术后采用常规运动干预,干预组术后采用协同式早期运动干预。比较2组术后恢复情况、身体状况、术后并发症发生情况。结果 干预组首次下床活动时间、术后排气时间、术后排便时间均早于对照组(χ²=11.823,P=0.001;χ²=4.687,P=0.001;χ²=7.611,P=0.001),术后7d干预组的多维度疲劳量表评分低于对照组(t=2.000,P=0.049),杜克活动指数高于对照组(t=2.256,P=0.027),2组术后并发症发生率比较,差异无统计学意义(χ²=0.343,P=0.558)。结论 协同式早期运动干预能够促进腹腔镜结直肠癌手术患者术后恢复,改善身体状况,值得推广应用。     

Cranio-caudal approach to hepatic veins in laparoscopic central bisectionectomy (with Video)

BackgroundLaparoscopic central bisectionectomy (Couinaud's segment IV, V, and VIII) needs exposure of the RHV and MHV on the surface of the remnant and the resecting side, respectively. Avoiding venous injury is mandatory and laparoscopy-specific cranio-caudal approach to hepatic veins might be helpful [1]. We present this procedure in performing laparoscopic central bisectionectomy.PatientA 45-year-old female was admitted to our hospital with a 6 cm HCC in the segment VIII and IV. Her comorbid disease was non-cirrhotic HBV hepatitis (Child-Pugh grade A) and diabetes (untreated).MethodAfter cholecystectomy, G₄ branches were dissected and cut by extra- or intra-hepatic approach. Hilar plate was dissected and the G_ant was encircled and occluded by a vascular clip. Afterwards, exposure of the MHV was started at its root on IVC [2,3] and extended in cranio-caudal direction [1]. After sufficient space was obtained around the G_ant, the G_ant and the MHV were cut. Parenchymal transection between right anterior and right posterior sections was also started form the root of the RHV to its cranio-caudal direction. Liver resection was finished with full exposure of the RHV.ResultsThe operating time was 380 minutes, and the blood loss volume was 30 ml. Postoperative CT image showed exposure of the RHV and umbilical portion of Glissonean branch, and no fluid retention.ConclusionLaparoscopy-specific cranio-caudal approach to hepatic veins may be useful to avoid split injury of venous branches [4], especially if the hepatectomy requires complete exposure of hepatic vein, such as central bisectionectomy.