原发性甲状腺功能减退症并心包积液临床分析

目的 探讨原发性甲状腺功能减退症发生心包积液的临床特点.方法 对38例原发性甲状腺功能减退症患者进行回顾性分析,根据超声心动图检查结果分为合并心包积液组19例与无心包积液组19例.分别对两组患者的临床特征:甲状腺功能、血液系统、肝功能 、血脂水平、心脏彩色多普勒检查等进行两样本t检验.结果 合并心包积液组患者的甲状腺激素(TH)、血红蛋白(HB)、射血分数(EF)、白蛋白(ALB)水平均显著低于无心包积液组(P<0.05).结论 原发性甲状腺功能减退症发生心包积液易合并多系统功能障碍,在甲状腺激素水平极低,及合并贫血、低蛋白血症的时候应行心脏彩色多普勒检查排除心包积液可能.     

Hypoproteinemia in the second trimester among patients with preeclampsia prior to the onset of clinical symptoms

Objective: To find a risk factor for “uncomplicated” preeclampsia (PE) comparing blood biochemical parameters between women with uncomplicated PE and healthy pregnant women in each trimester of pregnancy. Methods: A retrospective study was performed on 83 cases of uncomplicated PE, selected from 434 patients with PE, disregarding subjects with other complications relevant to hypertension during pregnancy. The study was limited to women with PE occurring in the third trimester, and records of blood biochemical parameters were evaluated. Controls were recruited from 108 healthy volunteers with normal singleton pregnancies. Results: A significant decrease in total protein was observed in the uncomplicated PE group in the second trimester prior to the onset of clinical symptoms. Conclusion: Hypoproteinemia during pregnancy may be a risk factor for this pathophysiology, and the maintenance of sufficient protein in early pregnancy could contribute to prophylaxis for women with uncomplicated PE.     

肾病综合征的治疗进展

肾病综合征是泌尿系统的一种常见病,临床表现为大量蛋白尿、低蛋白血症、水肿、高血脂等,分为原发性和继发性两种,其病理类型及临床特征决定预后以及治疗方法。该文主要探讨抑制免疫与炎性反应方面的新药在肾病综合征中的应用以及中药治疗的疗效,以期提高肾病综合征的缓解率,降低复发率,改善患者的生活质量。     

婴儿隐匿性原发性小肠淋巴管扩张症一例

为提高对婴儿隐匿性原发性小肠淋巴管扩张症的临床、内镜及病理特点的认识,减少漏诊及误诊,我们对厦门市儿童医院收治的1例原发性小肠淋巴管扩张婴儿的临床表现和诊疗相关资料进行了回顾性分析。该例患儿以支气管肺炎收住入院,轻度腹泻和水肿,未见外周血淋巴细胞数减少,呈现低蛋白血症。输注白蛋白未能缓解低蛋白血症,随后胃镜检查显示十二指肠段可见大小不等密集的白色粟粒样颗粒状隆起,黏膜呈广泛白斑样病变,病理检查显示明显的小肠淋巴管扩张,进而确诊小肠淋巴管扩张症。确诊后每两日输注白蛋白,连续输注两个疗程并予portagen中链脂肪酸奶粉喂养。经处理后血浆中总蛋白和白蛋白基本升至正常水平,腹部及胸部彩超显示双胸腔及双肺积液均已被吸收。对该病例的回顾性分析结果表明对于有血浆白蛋白及球蛋白下降而导致浮肿的婴儿,排除肝肾疾患及肿瘤、结核等慢性疾病所致蛋白消耗过多的可能性,均应考虑小肠淋巴扩张症,需尽可能尽早行胃镜检查,进一步完善病理活检,实现早日确诊、尽早进行对症治疗及饮食干预治疗,避免处理不及时导致的严重后果。     

Sodium fluoride-induced hypoproteinemia and hypoglycemia in parental and F1-generation rats and amelioration by vitamins

Oral administration of sodium fluoride (NaF; 40 mg/kg body weight) daily from day 6 of gestation to day 21 of lactation caused, compared with the distilled water control (group 2), significant reductions in body weight and feed consumption as well as concentration of glucose and protein in the serum of P- and F₁-generation rats; however, sodium and potassium concentrations in the serum were significantly higher than those of the vehicle control (group 2). Administration of either vitamins C (50 mg/kg body weight/day), D (2 ng/0.2 ml olive oil/animal/day) or a combination of vitamins C+D+E along with NaF caused significant amelioration in body weight and feed consumption, as well as glucose, protein, sodium and potassium concentrations in the serum of P- and F₁-generation rats compared with the NaF-only treated group. Withdrawal of NaF treatment during lactation caused significant amelioration in feed consumption (days 15–21 only), sodium, potassium, glucose and protein concentrations in the serum of both P- and F₁-generation rats. Co- treatment with vitamin E (2 mg/0.2 ml olive oil/animal/day) caused significant amelioration in body weight (days 15 and 20 of gestation only), sodium, potassium, glucose (only in P-generation females) and protein (only in P-generation female) concentrations in the serum of rats than in NaF-treated rats alone. It is concluded that co-treatment with vitamins C, D and C+D+E were found more effective in ameliorating NaF-induced effects than vitamin E and withdrawal of NaF treatment during lactation.     

70岁以上慢性阻塞性肺疾病合并低蛋白血症肺部真菌感染的诊治分析

目的 了解70岁以上慢性阻塞性肺疾病(COPD)合并低蛋白血症患者肺部真菌感染病例分布及病原学分类,以便能更好的预防和控制肺部真菌感染.方法 采用回顾性的研究方法,分析本院2005年10月至2011年10月期间70岁以上COPD继发肺部真菌感染患者的真菌感染分布情况、病原学分类、平均住院时间和病死率.结果 中重度营养不良患者真菌感染率高,平均住院时间长,病死率高.在病原学分类上差异无统计学意义.结论 70岁以上COPD合并低蛋白血症的患者真菌感染的几率增加,平均住院时间长,病死率高,应加强营养支持.     

纠正低蛋白血症减少抗结核药物性肝损伤发生临床研究*

目的 探讨纠正低蛋白血症对减少抗结核药物性肝损伤(DILI)发生的作用。方法 2019 年3月～2021 年3 月汕头市中心医院感染病科收治的56例肺结核合并低蛋白血症患者被分为两组,每组28例。给予两组2HRZE/4HR抗结核治疗,另给予观察组输注人血白蛋白纠正低蛋白血症,对照组仅接受抗结核治疗,两组治疗时间均为6个月。使用全自动生化分析仪检测血清白蛋白(ALB)、天门冬氨酸氨基转移酶(AST)、丙氨酸氨基转移酶(ALT)、碱性磷酸酶(ALP)和总胆红素(TBIL)水平,采用化学发光法检测血清总胆汁酸(TBA)水平。在DILI发生时,给予护肝治疗。在治疗结束时,评定临床转归,进行痰培养和肺部CT检查。结果 观察组结核治愈有效率为92.9%,显著高于对照组的71.4%(P<0.05);观察组痰菌转阴率为91.3%,显著高于对照组的(66.7%,P<0.05),肺部病变吸收率为89.3%,显著高于对照组的64.3%(P<0.05);在治疗期间,观察组DILI发生率为25.0%,显著低于对照组的53.6%(P<0.05);在DILI发生时,7例观察组血清ALB水平为(35.2±4.9)g/L,显著高,15例对照组【(29.6±4.9)g/L g/L,P<0.05】,而血清TBIL水平为(33.6±5.2)μmol/L,显著低于对照组【(45.7±16.6)μmol/L,P<0.05】;在护肝治疗后,观察组血清AST、ALT、ALP、TBIL和TBA水平分别为(39.4±9.8)U/L、(35.1±10.8)U/L、(98.6±16.2)U/L、(17.4±4.6)μmol/L和(81.3±13.7)μmol/L,均显著低于对照组【分别为(64.8±9.9)U/L、(78.0±13.8)U/L、(133.7±22.9)U/L、(26.5±6.8)μmol/L和(96.9±16.4)μmol/L,P<0.05】。结论 补充人血白蛋白及时纠正低蛋白血症,对于肺结核合并低蛋白血症患者能够提高结核治愈率,降低药物性肝损害发生率,值得进一步研究。     

格拉斯哥预后评分可用作结肠癌预后的指标

目的 研究术前格拉斯哥预后评分(Glasgow prognostic score,GPS)对于可切除的结肠癌患者预后的判断价值.方法 作为以炎症为基础的GPS评分系统仅包括C反应蛋白(C-reactive protein,CRP)和白蛋白水平.根据术前的检验结果 计算GPS.对282例患者的临床资料进行分析;对CRP升高(＞10mg/L)和低蛋白血症(＜35g/L)两项均阳性者记作2分,1项异常的记作1分,无异常的记作0分.按GPS值的不同分为3组.采用多因素分析和生存曲线分析计算预后价值.结果 Log-rank分析显示,高GPS评分的病例死亡率高(P＜0.01).Kaplan-Meier分析提示,3组间生存时间差异明显:GPS 2组(平均40.9个月;95%CI:31.5～50.3个月),GPS 1组(平均49.6个月;95% CI:43.2～56.1个月),GPS 0组(平均62.7个月;95% CI:58.8～66.7个月).3组间无进展生存时间也存在明显差异:GPS 2组(平均26.4个月;95% CI:18.5～34.3个月),GPS 1组(平均34.7个月;95% CI:28.2～41.3个月),GPS 0组(平均53.4个月;95% CI:48.8～58.1个月).多因素分析显示,术后TNM分期(OR,0.210;95% CI,0.102～0.432;P＜0.01)术前的癌胚抗原(carcinoma embryonic antigen,CEA)(OR,0.356;95% CI,0.179～0.707;P=0.003),CA19-9(OR,0.260;95% CI,0.120～0.564;P＜0.01),CRP(OR,4.503;95% CI,1.590～12.751;P=0.005),GPS(OR,0.340;95% CI,0.181～0.920;P＜0.01)均与术后死亡相关.结论 术前的GPS评分可以作为结肠癌患者术后预测的新指标.

Abstract：

Objective To investigate the significance of preoperative Glasgow prognostic score (GPS) for postoperative prognosis in patients of resectable colon cancer. Recent studies have revealed that the GPS, an inflammation-based prognostic score that includes only C-reactive protein (CRP) and albumin, is a useful tool for predicting postoperative outcome in cancer patients. However, few studies have investigated the GPS in the field of colon surgery. Methods The GPS was calculated on the basis of admission data as follows; patients with an elevated level of both CRP ( ＞ 10 mg/L) and hypoalbuminemia (Alb ＜ 35 g/L) were allocated a score of 2, and patients showing 1 or none of these blood chemistry abnormalities were allocated a score of 1 or 0, respectively. Prognostic significance was analyzed by multivariate analyses. Overall survival and disease-free survival was estimated using the Kaplan-Meier method. Results A total of 282 patients were evaluated. Kaplan-Meier analysis and log-rank test revealed that a higher GPS predicted a higher risk of postoperative mortality and reccurence ( P ＜ 0.001 ). multivariate analyses revealed that postoperative TNM was the most sensitive predictor of postoperative mortality (OR, 0.210; 95% CI, 0.102-0.432; P＜0.01) and CEA(OR,0. 356;95% CI,0. 179 -0. 707; P = 0.003),CA19-9(OR,0. 260;95% CI,0. 120 -0. 564;P ＜ 0.01),CRP( OK,4. 503;95% CI, 1. 590 -12. 751 ;P =0.005) , GPS( OR, 0. 340 ;95% CI,0.181 -0.920;P＜0.01)were associated with postoperative mortality. Conclusions Preoperative GPS is considered to be a useful predictor of postoperative mortality in patients with colon cancer.     

宫体注射卡前列素氨丁三醇治疗低蛋白血症伴宫缩乏力性产后出血的临床研究

目的观察宫体注射卡前列素氨丁三醇注射液治疗低蛋白血症伴宫缩乏力性产后出血的临床疗效。方法将100例低蛋白血症伴宫缩乏力性产后出血患者分成对照组和观察组各50例,对照组给予常规治疗;观察组在对照组治疗方式的基础上,给予宫体注射卡前列素氨丁三醇注射液治疗。观察2组疗效、产后出血情况及不良反应。结果观察组总有效率96.00%,高于对照组的82.00%,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05);观察组产后2 h、24 h出血量均少于对照组,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.01),2组不良反应发生率比较无显著差异性。结论宫体注射卡前列素氨丁三醇注射液治疗低蛋白血症伴宫缩乏力性产后出血疗效肯定,安全性高,值得临床推广。