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1.
The foodscape (the built food environment) is considered one of the driving factors of the higher burden of obesity and chronic disease observed in low socio-economic status (SES) groups. Traditional data collection methods struggle to accurately capture actual access and exposure to the foodscape (realised foodscape). We assess the use of anonymised mobile phone location data (location data) in foodscape studies by applying them to a case study in Perth, Western Australia to test the hypothesis that lower SES groups have poorer realised foodscapes than high SES groups. Kernel density estimation was used to calculate realised foodscapes of different SES groups and home foodscape typologies, which were compared to home foodscapes of the different groups. The location data enabled us to measure realised foodscapes of multiple groups over an extended period and at the city scale. Low SES groups had poor availability of food outlets, including unhealthy outlets, in their home and realised foodscapes and may be more susceptible to a poor home foodscape because of low mobility.  相似文献   
2.
Aim of the workTo assess urinary soluble CD163 (sCD136) in systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) patients compared to healthy controls. In addition to determine its association with different SLE clinical features, laboratory investigations and pathological indices focusing on those suggest renal disease activity.Patients and methodsThe study included 58 SLE patients and 30 controls. SLE disease activity index (SLEDAI) was assessed and patients subdivided into active lupus nephritis (ALN) (renal SLEDAI ≥ 4) and no-renal activity (NRA) SLE patients (renal SLEDAI = 0). Urinary sCD163 was measured by Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA). Urine values were normalized to urinary creatinine excretion. Renal biopsies were performed in 21 ALN patients.ResultsThey were 54 females and 4 males with a mean age 31.8 ± 9.1 years and disease duration 6.2 ± 4.8 years. They were 31 with ALN and 27 NRA SLE patients. Urinary sCD163 level was significantly higher in SLE patients (1.85 ± 0.3) than controls (0.5 ± 0.36, p < 0.001). In ALN, it was significantly higher (2.91 ± 2.52) compared to NRA SLE patients (0.64 ± 0.38) and controls (p < 0.001 in both). The optimum cut-off value above which normalized urinary sCD136 can predict renal activity was > 0.82 with sensitivity of 90.3%, specificity of 88.89%, p < 0.001. Urinary sCD163 significantly correlated with renal (r = 0.75, p < 0.001) but not with extra-renal SLEDAI. It correlated with activity index of renal biopsy (r = 0.46, p = 0.038).ConclusionUrinary sCD163 is a potential biomarker for LN activity. Its level is associated with clinical features, laboratory investigations and pathological indices that indicate renal disease activity.  相似文献   
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This study aimed to understand the perceived effects of the COVID-19 pandemic on physical activity, recreation walking, and use of recreational facilities; and if the COVID-19 pandemic amplified disparities in physical activity, recreational walking, and use of recreational facilities related to the levels of neighborhood disadvantage. Recreational walking and the use of neighborhood streets and green spaces significantly decreased in high deprivation areas but not in low deprivation areas during the pandemic. While COVID-19 has negatively affected overall recreational activities, the inequitable impact on recreational walking and use of outdoor recreational facilities has been more evident in disadvantaged neighborhoods with greater deprivation.  相似文献   
5.
《Indian heart journal》2022,74(4):307-313
ObjectivesFamily history is considered as an important predictor of cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) and diabetes. Available research findings suggest that family history of chronic diseases is associated with perceived risk of disease and adoption of healthy behaviours. We examined the association between family history of cardio-metabolic diseases (CMDs) and healthy behaviours among adults without self-reported CMDs.MethodsCross-sectional data of 12,484 adults, without self-reported CMDs, from the baseline survey of Centre for cArdiometabolic Risk Reduction in South-Asia (CARRS) cohort study were analysed.ResultsFamily history was positively associated with non-smoking and high fruits & vegetables consumption in the age group of 45–64 years and moderate to high physical activity in the age group ≥65 years after adjusting for sex, education, wealth index, city and body mass index.ConclusionsUnderstanding perceived risks and cultural or psychological factors related to family history through ethnographic studies may deepen understanding of these associations.  相似文献   
6.
目的: 检测B细胞活化因子(B-cell activating factor of the TNF family, BAFF)在牙周炎(periodontitis)和系统性红斑狼疮(systemic lupus erythematosus, SLE)患者血清中的含量,探讨BAFF的表达与牙周炎及SLE的关系。方法: 按纳入标准,选取就诊于中国医科大学附属盛京医院口腔科及风湿免疫科的患者,其中牙周炎组19例(P组),系统性红斑狼疮组22例(SLE组),系统性红斑狼疮合并牙周炎组24例(SLE+P组),健康对照20例(H组)。记录4组受试者一般信息, 牙周探诊深度(periodontal probing depth, PD)、临床附着丧失(clinical attachment loss, CAL)、龈沟出血指数(sulcus bleeding index, SBI)。收集各组患者血清样本,应用酶联免疫吸附试验测定BAFF的含量,对SLE组及SLE+P组受试者的风湿免疫学指标进行测定,并对4组受试者BAFF含量与牙周指标进行相关性分析。采用SPSS 20.0 软件包对数据进行统计学分析。结果: P+SLE组的CAL显著高于P组(P<0.05);SLE+P组、SLE组及P组的血清BAFF浓度显著高于健康组(P<0.05);SLE+P组血清BAFF浓度显著高于SLE组(P<0.05);SLE+P组的ESR、SLEDAI及患病时间显著高于SLE组(P<0.05);血清BAFF表达水平与CAL及SBI呈显著正相关关系(P<0.01);血清BAFF表达水平与PD呈正相关关系(P<0.05);血清BAFF水平与患病时间及激素使用时间呈显著正相关关系(P<0.01);血清BAFF水平与C3呈正相关关系(P<0.05)。结论: SLE与牙周炎具有一定的相关性,SLE伴牙周炎患者血清BAFF显著升高;BAFF可能在SLE和牙周炎的发生、发展中发挥一定作用。  相似文献   
7.
背景 运动能力是血液透析患者强有力的死亡预测因子。因此,寻求便捷且有效的评价工具以实现患者运动能力的评估是目前迫切需要探讨的问题。 目的 在中国与英国血液透析患者中对杜克活动状况指数(DASI)与日常体力活动问卷(GPPAQ)中的步速问题进行效度检验。 方法 于2018年1月至2020年9月,选取中国某大学附属医院血液透析患者40例与英国莱斯特肾脏病网络系统血液透析患者39例。采用DASI和GPPAQ的步速问题评估患者的运动能力与步速,同时采用往返行走试验(SWT)与简易机体功能评估(SPPB)的步速测试对患者进行测试验证。DASI的效度检验采用相关性分析,GPPAQ步速问题的效度检验采用方差分析。 结果 中国与英国血液透析患者的DASI和递增负荷往返行走试验(ISWT)呈正相关(r中国=0.39,rs英国=0.60;P<0.05),和耐力往返步行试验(ESWT)无相关关系(P>0.05)。根据GPPAQ中步速问题的自我评估结果,将中国血液透析患者归为慢速、平稳步速、轻盈步速、快速4类,4类患者客观测量的SPPB步速范围存在重叠,平均SPPB步速比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);将英国血液透析患者归为慢速、平稳步速、轻盈步速3类,3类患者客观测量的平均SPPB步速比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),其中自我评估为慢速患者的平均SPPB步速低于自我评估为平稳步速、轻盈步速者(P<0.05)。 结论 DASI可以有效测量中国与英国血液透析患者的运动能力。在两个不同文化群体中,GPPAQ的步速问题均无法协助患者准确报告自身步速,但在区分"慢"与"不慢"的步速上具有一定潜在效用。  相似文献   
8.
《药学学报(英文版)》2020,10(5):895-902
Seven indole alkaloid glycosides containing a 1′-(4″-hydroxy-3″,5″-dimethoxyphenyl)ethyl unit (17) were isolated from an aqueous extract of Isatis indigotica leaves (da qing ye). Their structures were determined by spectroscopic data analysis combined with enzymatic hydrolysis as well as comparison of their experimental CD (circular dichroism) and calculated ECD (electrostatic circular dichroism) spectra. Based on analysis of [α]D20 and/or Cotton effect (CE) data of 17, two simple roles to assign location and/or configuration of β-glycopyranosyloxy and 1′-(phenyl)ethyl units in the indole alkaloid glycosides are proposed. Stereoselectivity in plausible biosynthetic pathways of 17 is discussed. Compounds 3 and 4 and their mixture in a 3:2 ratio showed activity against KCNQ2 in CHO cells. The mixture of 5 and 6 (3:2) exhibited antiviral activity against influenza virus H1N1 PR8 with IC50 64.7 μmol/L (ribavirin, IC50 54.3 μmol/L), however, the individual 5 or 6 was inactive. Preliminary structure–activity relationships were observed.  相似文献   
9.
Among the various items recovered from crime scenes or persons involved in a crime event, clothing items are commonly encountered and submitted for forensic DNA sampling. Depending on the case circumstances and the activity-of-interest, sampling of the garment may concentrate on collecting DNA from the wearer, or from one or more offenders who have allegedly contacted the item and/or wearer. Relative to the targeted DNA, background DNA already residing on the item from previous contacts, or transferred during or after the crime event, may also be collected during sampling and observed in the resultant DNA profile. Given our limited understanding of how, and from where, background DNA is derived on clothing, research on the transfer, persistence, prevalence, and recovery (TPPR) of DNA traces from upper garments was conducted by four laboratories. Samples were collected from several areas of two garments, each worn on separate working or non-working days and individually owned by four individuals from each of the four laboratories, and processed from DNA extraction through to profiling. Questionnaires documented activities relating to the garment prior to and during wearing, and reference profiles were obtained from the wearer and their close associates identified in the questionnaire. Among the 448 profiles generated, variation in the DNA quantity, composition of the profiles, and inclusion/exclusion of the wearer and their close associates was observed among the collaborating laboratories, participants, garments worn on different occasions, and garment areas sampled.  相似文献   
10.
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