顺行指掌侧固有动脉推进皮瓣修复指端组织缺损的临床疗效观察

目的探讨顺行指掌侧固有动脉推进皮瓣应用于指端组织缺损患者的疗效。方法77例指端组织缺损患者随机分为两组,对照组行指动脉逆行岛状皮瓣修复术,实验组行顺行指掌侧固有动脉推进皮瓣修复术,比较两组的疗效、术后患指功能以及并发症。结果实验组的治疗优良率和术后患指功能评分均显著高于对照组(P<0.05);两组的术后并发症发生率无统计学差异(P>0.05)。结论顺行指掌侧固有动脉推进皮瓣在指端组织缺损患者中应用效果显著,可促进术后患指功能恢复,安全性高。     

Efficacy of Curcumin in Combination with Intralesional Dexamethasone with Hyaluronidase in the Treatment of Oral Submucous Fibrosis: A Randomized Controlled Trial

Objective: The objective of this study was to determine the efficacy of curcumin in combination with  intralesional dexamethasone with hyaluronidase in the treatment of oral submucous fibrosis (OSF). Methods: This randomized, double blind, parallel design, clinical trial was conducted at B.P. Koirala Institute of Health Sciences, Nepal. Thirty-four patients with clinically diagnosed OSF were randomized into two groups (17 participants in each) with baseline treatment of intralesional dexamethasone with hyaluronidase for 6 weeks for the both. Curcumin (2gm/day) was provided to Group A (Test) and Group B (Control) received placebo. Interincisal mouth opening, tongue protrusion, cheek flexibility and visual analogue scale (VAS) scoring of burning sensation of oral mucosa was recorded at baseline, 6, 8 and 12 weeks follow-up and independent t-test was used to compare the improvements in two groups. Results: On comparing the 6 weeks and baseline values, in Group A and B the mean difference in mouth opening was 8.82±1.33 mm and 5.53±1.17 mm respectively (p<0.001), in cheek flexibility was 2.94±1.02 mm and 1.94±1.24 mm respectively (p=0.02) and in tongue protrusion was 6.23±1.48 and 3.65±1.37 mm respectively (p<0.001). The findings were consistent in the 8 weeks follow-up. In 12 weeks follow-up, on comparing with the baseline values, in Group A and B, the mean difference in mouth opening was 8.71±1.16 mm and 5.35±1.22 mm respectively (<0.001), ), in cheek flexibility was 2.81±1.01 mm and 1.76±1.35 mm respectively (p=0.02) and in tongue protrusion was 6.06±1.48 and 3.35±1.50 mm respectively (p<0.001). Both the arms showed 100% improvement in burning sensation in 6, 8 and 12 weeks follow-up. Conclusion: Curcumin in combination with intralesional dexamethasone with hyaluronidase is efficacious in the treatment of OSF.     

Day case ankle arthroplasty: are they safe and cost effective? A single-centre case-control study

BackgroundMost patients who have an ankle replacement in the United Kingdom stay in hospital for 2–4 days. This study looked at the safety & cost-effectiveness of a day case ankle replacement pathway.MethodsThis was a retrospective case-control study looking at day case pathway for ankle replacements set up in collaboration with anaesthetists, nurses and physiotherapists. Patients practiced mobilization with crutches before surgery. Patients were discharged home with enough analgesia, and reviewed within 2–5 days of discharge.ResultsTwenty ankle replacements done between November 2017 and November 2019 were reviewed with a mean follow up of 38.4 months. None of these patients required to be readmitted within the first 28 days. No complications were related to the surgery being done as day case. Except one, all patients described the experience as excellent or good.ConclusionPer case the cost savings are estimated to be £880 in comparison to 20 matched inpatient ankle replacements. We conclude that ankle replacements can be safely carried out as day case with appropriate patient selection, pre-operative education and a multi-disciplinary approach.     

DCE-MRI诊断原发性肝癌效能和TACE术后评估肿瘤活性应用价值研究*

目的 探讨动态对比增强磁共振成像(DCE-MRI)检查诊断原发性肝癌(PLC)患者的效能及评价疗效的价值。方法 2017年1月～2021年6月我院诊治的肝占位性病变患者68例,均接受DCE-MRI检查,并行穿刺细胞学检查诊断,应用临床流行病学基本技术评估MRI诊断的效能。所有PLC患者接受经皮肝动脉化疗栓塞术(TACE)治疗,术后再次接受MRI检查,评估疗效。结果 DCE-MRI检查显示PLC患者肝内特征性恶性肿瘤表现,T1WI序列为低信号,T2WI序列为高信号,动脉期明显强化,门脉期快速消退,偶见明显的肿瘤包膜;在68例肝占位性病变患者,经穿刺细胞学检查,诊断PLC患者64例,非肿瘤病变4例;DCE-MRI检查诊断的灵敏度、特异度、准确率、阳性和阴性预测值分别为95.2%、75.0%、89.7%、93.8%和25.0%;在TACE术后,MRI检查发现肿瘤被完全灭活18例(28.1%),部分灭活25例(39.1%),肿瘤稳定15例(23.4%),疾病进展6例(9.3%)。结论 DCE-MRI检查在诊断PLC和治疗后疗效判断方面有独特的作用,可指导临床制定治疗方案,价值很大。     

胰岛素泵强化治疗对初治2型糖尿病的疗效及预后

目的探析胰岛素泵强化治疗对初治2型糖尿病的疗效及对预后的影响。方法将2017年8月到2018年12月我院收治的120例初治2型糖尿病患者作为主要研究对象,采用数字随机表法将其分为两组,60例/组。对照组采用胰岛素皮下注射强化治疗,观察组采用胰岛素泵强化治疗,比较两组患者治疗前后的血糖变化情况和预后相关指标。结果治疗后两组患者的空腹血糖、餐后2h血糖、糖化果糖胺水平均明显低于治疗前,且观察组明显低于对照组,有显著差异;两组患者治疗后的胰岛素抵抗指数均低于治疗前,且观察组低于对照组,差异显著;观察组患者的血糖达标时间短于对照组,胰岛素用量少于对照组,组间比较存在显著差异;观察组的低血糖发生率显著低于对照组,有显著差异(P<0.05)。结论采用胰岛素泵强化治疗对初治2型糖尿病患者而言效果显著,能够降低患者的血糖值,缩短血糖达标时间,减少胰岛素的剂量,且预后佳,更值得进一步推广应用。     

香砂六君子汤加味治疗放化疗后中晚期肺癌的临床研究

目的:分析中晚期肺癌患者放化疗后使用加味香砂六君子汤疗效。方法:选择2017年8月-2018年8月在我院进行肺癌中晚期放化疗的70例病患为研究样本,采取随机排列表法将其分成常规组与实验组,每组35例。给予常规组康艾注射液静脉滴注联合吗丁啉口服治疗,给予实验组加味香砂六君子中药汤剂治疗。对比两组治疗效果以及证候积分情况。结果:常规组与实验组用药后证候积分平均值分别是(12.46±5.41)分、(5.66±5.01)分(P<0.05);实验组与常规组用药后总有效率分别是97.14%(34/35)、77.14%(27/35),P<0.05;实验组用药后在食欲不振、排便异常、疲倦无力方面证候积分均低于常规组(P<0.05)。结论:中晚期肺癌病患放化疗后容易导致出现食欲不振等情况,使用加味香砂六君子中药汤剂可有效改善其临床表现,具有临床推广价值。     

Efficacy,immunogenicity, and safety of available vaccines in children on biologics: A systematic review and meta-analysis

Vaccinations are essential for preventing infectious diseases in children with chronic diseases as they have increased risk of infection from frequent use of biologics. Response to immunizations in this group is not well known.ObjectiveA systematic review was performed to evaluate three primary outcomes: efficacy; immunogenicity; and safety of vaccines in children with chronic conditions treated with biologics.MethodsThe protocol for our systematic review and meta-analysis was registered and published with PROSPERO. We searched electronic bibliographic databases for studies published from 2009 to 2019, focusing on vaccinations in children with chronic conditions treated with biologics.ResultsWe retrieved 532 records. Thirty-one full-text articles were selected, and 14 were included in the meta-analysis. No significant publication bias was found. Efficacy: limited data are available regarding the efficacy of vaccination, as most studies have focused on immunogenicity as surrogate outcome for efficacy. Immunogenicity: patients receiving anti-TNF-alpha therapy had a statistically significant risk of poor seroconversion (p = 0.028) and seroprotection by the serotype B influenza vaccine [inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) p = 0.013; juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA) p = 0.004]. We found adequate responses with H1N1 and H3N2 serotypes. Few studies existed for pneumococcal, hepatitis A virus, hepatitis B virus, varicella-zoster virus, Measles Mumps Rubella virus, and multiple vaccine administration. Safety: vaccine administration was not associated with serious side effects, but JIA patients on anti-TNF alpha therapy had a statistically significant risk of presenting with myalgia or arthralgia postinfluenza vaccine (p = 0.014).ConclusionsMore evidence concerning efficacy, immunogenicity, and safety of vaccinations is needed to guide physicians in the vaccine decision process for this pediatric population.     

"肺炎1号"治疗新型冠状病毒肺炎451例多中心临床研究

目的:观察“肺炎1号”治疗新型冠状病毒肺炎的临床疗效。方法:选取2020年2月17日至2020年3月15日湖北省中医院、监利县中医院、蕲春县人民医院、潜江市中医院、洪湖市中医医院、阳新县中医医院、浠水县中医院、大冶市中医医院、汉川市人民医院、武昌方舱医院收治的新型冠状病毒肺炎患者451例,采用“肺炎1号”联合西医常规治疗,观察“肺炎1号”对新型冠状病毒肺炎患者的临床症状、舌象、实验室检查结果及肺部CT情况。结果:共纳入451例患者,其中轻型21例,普通型378例,重型46例,危重型6例。疑似病例6例(1.33%),临床诊断病例168例(37.25%),确诊病例277例(61.42%)。治疗后与治疗前比较,患者发热、咳嗽、乏力主要症状发生率显著降低(P<0.05);恶寒、鼻塞、流涕、打喷嚏、咽部痒、咽痛、呼吸困难、胸闷、肌肉酸痛或关节疼痛、头晕头痛、纳差、恶心呕吐、腹胀、大便稀溏症状发生率显著改善(P<0.05);白细胞计数、中性粒细胞绝对值变化差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);淋巴细胞绝对值明显升高,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);C反应蛋白、降钙素原明显降低,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。退热时间3(1～3.25)d。229例患者舌质由红或绛逐渐转为淡红,好转率为75.58%;177例患者白腻苔、厚腻苔、黄腻苔明显变薄,好转率为65.31%。新型冠状病毒核酸转阴时间为8(5,11)d。415例(92.02%)肺部CT明显好转,主要表现在病灶面积减小,变薄变淡。达到出院标准430例,临床治愈率95.34%;好转15例;无效3例;死亡3例(0.67%)。治疗过程中,未见明显不良反应,临床应用安全。结论:“肺炎1号”结合西医常规治疗对新型冠状病毒肺炎有较好的治疗作用,能够快速稳定病情,阻断轻型、普通型向重型、危重型转化;明显改善患者临床症状;较好促进肺部炎性反应吸收;使用安全可靠。