Static and dynamic postural control of postpartum women of different delivery methods

ObjectiveThe aim of this study was to determine whether there is a difference in postural control between nulligravida women and women who have given birth by vaginal or cesarean section.MethodsWomen who had only vaginal delivery in the previous 1–3 years were included in the vaginal delivery group (n = 27), those who had only cesarean delivery in the previous 1–3 years were included in the cesarean section group (n = 28), and those who had never given birth were included in the control group (n = 32). Evaluations were administered 6–8 days after the ovulation phase. Postural control of the participants was evaluated with the computerized dynamic posturography device.ResultsA total of 87 women with a mean age of 29.4 ± 4 years and a mean body mass index of 24.1 ± 3.1 kg/m² were included in the study. Antero-posterior somatosensory organization test values of the vaginal delivery group were lower than the control group (p = 0.0016). The cesarean delivery group had statistically lower antero-posterior somatosensory (p < 0.001 and p = 0.0013) and medio-lateral somatosensory (p = 0.002 and p = 0.017, respectively) test scores compared to the control group and the vaginal delivery group.ConclusionsIt was observed that women who birthed with vaginal or cesarean delivery had impaired somatosensory postural control. There is definitely a need for further studies with a long-term follow-up examining the effects of postural control during pregnancy and the postpartum period.     

早期瘢痕妊娠的MRI的表现和诊断价值

目的分析早期剖宫产瘢痕妊娠(CSP)的MRI表现,以提高对这类产科危重症诊断的准确性。方法2017年1月至2019年6月期间,对我院经过手术和病理证实的剖宫产手术后宫腔内瘢痕处早期妊娠的22例患者的MRI资料进行回顾性分析,所有患者均采用MR平扫+增强进行检查,将MRI表现与手术、病理所见进行对照分析。结果单纯孕囊型患者21例,团块型病灶患者1例。瘢痕区呈深V状5例,深U状14例,线或细带状3例。孕囊外壁T2WI可显示低信号线11例,孕囊内壁显示低信号线12例。DWI孕囊呈环状混杂等高信号。增强扫描孕囊呈轻中度环状强化。T2WI、DWI、T1WI增强序列对囊壁内外壁的显示有不同的价值。结论MRI多序列扫描,有助于综合判读孕囊绒毛膜与瘢痕接触的程度,推测孕囊可能的植入部位,对于孕早期CSP诊断具有重要价值。     

生化汤加味促进剖宫产后子宫复旧随机对照试验的系统评价及Meta分析＊

目的 对生化汤加味促进剖宫产后子宫复旧的有效性与安全性进行系统评价，为其在临床应用提供循证医学证据。方法 检索中国生物医学文献数据库（CBM）、中国知网（CNKI）、万方资源数据库（WanFang）、维普期刊数据库（VIP）、Cochrane Library、PubMed、Web of Science等，检索时限为建库至2020年7月，选择生化汤加味促进剖宫产后子宫复旧的随机对照试验（RCT），采用Cochrane系统评价员手册提供的偏倚风险评估工具进行文献质量评价，应用RevMan5.3软件进行Meta分析。结果 共纳入12篇RCT文献，共计1804例剖宫产产妇；Meta分析结果显示，生化汤加味联合缩宫素组在产后第1、3、5天子宫底高度［MD = -0.75，95%CI（-1.35， -0.15），P < 0.00001；MD = -1.92，95%CI（-3.13， -0.72），P < 0.00001；MD = -1.92，95%CI（-3.79， -0.06），P < 0.00001］低于单用缩宫素组，联合用药组血性恶露时间［MD = -1.52，95%CI（-2.71，-0.34），P < 0.00001］和产后恶露持续时间［MD = -4.47，95%CI（-6.20，-2.75），P < 0.00001］均短于单用缩宫素组。结论 生化汤加味联合缩宫素与单用缩宫素比较，更能促进产后子宫复旧；不良反应少，报道的仅有4例出现轻微腹泻，安全性较高；但由于纳入文献质量较低，上述结论尚需更多的随机对照临床研究加以证实。     

Management of cesarean delivery in a parturient with sickle cell disease

Chronic hemolysis and intermittent vaso-occlusion in sickle cell disease can lead to recurrent blood transfusions with related complications such as antibody formation and rarely, life-threatening reactions. We report a case of a parturient who presented with complications of sickle cell disease and who later had fetal compromise that required an emergent cesarean delivery. Complex management decisions were made, aided by technologies such as rotational thromboelastometry, quantitative blood loss analysis and cell salvage.     

Trial of Labor After Cesarean in Adolescents – A Multicenter Study

Study ObjectiveData regarding trial of labor after cesarean delivery (TOLAC) among young women are limited. The aim of this study was to assess the TOLAC success rate and its related factors among adolescent women who had never delivered vaginally.DesignA multicenter retrospective cohort study of all adolescent women aged ≤21 years with a history of 1 previous cesarean delivery, who delivered in 2 tertiary medical centers during 2007-2019. Women were allocated to 2 groups: 1) women who underwent TOLAC, and 2) women who had a repeat cesarean delivery with no trial of labor. Maternal and neonatal outcomes were compared between the two groups. In addition, perinatal outcomes were compared between women with successful and unsuccessful TOLAC.ResultsThe study cohort included 167 women who had a previous caesarean delivery; 117 underwent TOLAC and 50 underwent a repeat cesarean delivery with no trial of labor. Neonatal birthweight (median 2937 vs 3170 g, P = .03) and gestational age at delivery (median 38 weeks vs 39, P = .009) were lower in the repeat cesarean group as compared to those undergoing TOLAC. Overall, 97 of 117 participants (83%) had a successful TOLAC. Failed TOLAC was associated low birthweight as compared to successful TOLAC (5 [25%] vs 7 [7%], odds ratio [OR] 4.3, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.2-15.3, P = .02), and birthweight difference between current and previous deliveries was higher in the failed TOLAC group (median 315 vs 197 g, P = .04). Rates of neonatal Apgar score at 1 minute < 7 and of neonatal intensive care unit admission were higher in the TOLAC failure group (4 [20%] vs 5 [5%], OR 4.6, 95% CI 1.1-19.0, P = .03, and 4 [20%] vs 4 [4%], OR 5.8, 95% CI 1.3-25.6, P = .02), respectively). In a multivariable logistic regression analysis, only low birthweight was independently associated with TOLAC failure (adjusted OR 9.9, 95% CI 2.1-45.4, P = .003). Two cases of uterine rupture occurred in the no trial of labor group, whereas none were encountered in participants undergoing TOLAC.ConclusionsTOLAC in adolescent women who had never delivered vaginally is associated with a relatively high success rate.     

罗哌卡因联合舒芬太尼在剖宫产术后镇痛中的临床效果分析

目的：探讨罗哌卡因联合舒芬太尼在剖宫产术后镇痛中的临床疗效。方法方便选取2014年3月—2015年3月该院麻醉科收诊的剖宫产产妇60例,随机法分为观察组及对照组各30例,对照组术后给予罗哌卡因联合吗啡镇痛治疗,观察组术后给予罗哌卡因联合舒芬太尼镇痛治疗,记录并分析两组产妇镇痛效果。结果观察组术后2h、8h、12 h、24 hVAS评分分别为(1.98±0.81)分、(2.28±0.78)分、(1.66±0.67)分、(1.17±0.61)分,均低于对照组(3.51±1.07)分、(3.82±1.03)分、(3.24±0.95)分、(2.16±0.55)分,且差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05)；观察组术后肌力恢复正常时间和肛门排气时间分别为(7.28±1.16)h、18.49±1.71)h,均低于对照组(15.67±3.59)h、20.84±2.10)h,且差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)；③观察组产妇术后不良反应发生率为6.67%,显著低于对照组26.67%,且差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05)；结论罗哌卡因联合舒芬太尼在剖宫产术后镇痛中的效果优于罗哌卡因联合吗啡,不良反应低,能有效缓解孕妇术后疼痛。     

胃部超声检查对剖宫产前后胃窦部变化的评估

目的通过胃部超声检查方法观察剖宫产前后胃窦部变化的情况并比较皮肤到胃窦部中心距离及腹主动脉前壁到胃窦部中心距离的变化。方法选择拟行择期剖宫产手术的产妇47例,年龄18～35岁,麻醉方法均采用蛛网膜下腔阻滞。胃部超声检查记录产妇剖宫产前后仰卧位和右侧卧位下胃窦部横截面积(cross-sectional area, CSA)和Perlas评分,同时测量皮肤到胃窦部中心和腹主动脉前壁到胃窦部中心的距离变化情况。结果与剖宫产前比较,剖宫产后仰卧位下胃窦部CSA明显减小(P=0.001),但右侧卧位下胃窦部CSA差异无统计学意义。剖宫产前后仰卧位和右侧卧位下Perlas评分差异均无统计学意义。与剖宫产前比较,剖宫产后皮肤到胃窦部中心距离和腹主动脉前壁到胃窦部中心的距离明显缩短(P0.05)。结论剖宫产后仰卧位下胃窦部CSA减小,妊娠晚期胃窦部CSA不能用于胃内容物的定量评估,但胃内容物的定性评估不会受到影响。