Neutrophil and endothelial cell activation in the vasa vasorum in vasculo-Behçet disease

AIM: The aim of this study was to analyse the immunopathological mechanisms of vasculo-Beh?et disease, which were also compared to cases of Takayasu's arteritis and inflammatory aneurysm to evaluate differences in inflammatory mechanisms. METHOD AND RESULTS: We reviewed six cases of vasculo-Beh?et disease, four of Takayasu's arteritis and seven inflammatory aneurysms which underwent surgical repair. Immunohistochemical studies were performed on paraffin-embedded tissue using a labelled streptavidin-biotin method, as was in-situ hybridization for Epstein-Barr virus. Microscopically, neutrophils and lymphocytes accumulated around the vasa vasorum. Neutrophils were prominent as compared to Takayasu's arteritis and inflammatory aneurysm. Elastic fibres were not severely destroyed. Endothelial cells (ECs) of most vasa vasorum expressed HLA-DR. The number of vasa vasorum around which inflammatory infiltrating cells were observed in vasculo-Beh?et disease was significantly greater than in inflammatory aneurysms and Takayasu's arteritis (P < 0.001). The cytokines IL-1alpha, TNF-beta and IFN-gamma were expressed in neutrophils and lymphocytes which were distributed around vasa vasorum, as well as neutrophils adherent to HLA-DR positive ECs. CONCLUSION: Our results suggest that vasculo-Beh?et disease should be classified as a neutrophilic vasculitis targeting the vasa vasorum. Aneurysm formation may be related to degeneration of arterial wall caused by inflammation of the vasa vasorum.     

剖宫产术中大出血的原因分析与治疗

目的探讨剖宫产术中大出血的原因及治疗.方法回顾性分析39例剖宫产术中出血≥1000ml作为研究组,出血＜1 000ml,且＞500ml者作为对照组1,出血≤500ml者600例作为对照组2.结果研究组中出血首位原因主要为前置胎盘和低置胎盘,占53.85%(21/39),显著高于对照组1中的10.67%(27/253),P＜0.01.在药物控制出血失败后,11例子宫动脉结扎中8例治疗成功、29例宫腔填塞纱条中28例治疗成功,得以保留子宫,2例行子宫切除术.结论前置胎盘和低置胎盘是剖宫产术中大出血的主要原因,宫腔填塞纱条治疗剖宫产术中大出血有良好效果.     

The relationship of placenta previa and history of induced abortion.

OBJECTIVES: We evaluated the risk of placenta previa being associated with a history of induced abortion by different surgical procedures. METHODS: Cases (n=192) were women who had a singleton delivery complicated by placenta previa at a major obstetric care hospital in western Washington state between April 1, 1990 and December 31, 1992. Controls (n=622) were women with singleton deliveries not complicated by placenta previa or abruption. Odds ratios, determined by logistic regression, approximate the relative risks. RESULTS: Vacuum aspiration abortion was not associated with an increased risk of placenta previa (OR 0.9, 95% CI 0.6-1.5). However, the risk of placenta previa increased with the number of sharp curettage abortions (OR 2.9, 95% CI 1.0-8.5 for > or =3). CONCLUSIONS: Risk of placenta previa may be increased in a dose response fashion by multiple sharp curettage abortions. However, vacuum aspiration does not confer an increased risk, and may be a better alternative.     

前置胎盘的高危因素及围产儿结局

目的探讨前置胎盘发生的高危因素及其对妊娠结局的不良影响。方法回顾性分析6年间分娩的78例单胎前置胎盘病例(前置组)和156例单胎非前置胎盘对照产妇(对照组)的临床资料。结果前置胎盘发生率为0．94%(78/8318例)。前置组产妇年龄大于对照组(≥35岁,OR=8．76,P＜0．001),胎次(≥3次,OR=5．80,P＜0．001)、产次(≥2次,OR=6．87,P＜0．001)、流产次数(≥3次,OR=7．06,P＜0．001)、前次剖宫产史(P＜0．01)均多于对照组。前置组新生儿早产发生率高于对照组(47．44%比7．05%,P＜0．01),早产者1min Apgar评分低于对照组[(7．08±2．08)分比(9．09±0．82)分,P＜0．01],新生儿出生体重低于对照组(P＜0．01)；两组新生儿出生性别的差异无显著性。结论高龄(≥35岁)、多产(≥2次)、多胎(≥3次)、多次流产(≥3次)及前次刮宫产史的孕妇前置胎盘发生率高,且易导致早产和新生儿窒息,是产前重点监护的对象。     

B-Lynch缝合术治疗凶险性前置胎盘的效果

目的：探讨B-Lynch缝合术治疗凶险性前置胎盘的临床效果。方法选取本院2011年1月~2014年11月收治的90例凶险性前置胎盘患者,将其随机分为观察组和对照组,每组45例。两组患者均采用常规治疗观察组在常规治疗的基础上采用B-Lynch缝合术进行止血治疗,观察两组的临床疗效。结果观察组的临床疗效显著优于对照组,且手术时间短于对照组,术中出血量少于对照组,子宫切除率低于对照组,两组差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);观察组术后体温异常时间、血性恶露持续时间、月经恢复时间与对照组比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论 B-Lynch缝合术在治疗凶险性前置胎盘中的临床效果显著,可有效减少术中出血量,降低子宫切除率,安全可靠且简单易行,值得临床借鉴。     

卡前列素氨丁三醇预防前置胎盘剖宫产产后出血的临床观察

目的观察卡前列素氨丁三醇预防前置胎盘剖宫产产后出血的效果。方法将66例前置胎盘剖宫产产妇随机分为观察组和对照组各33例。2组均予5%葡萄糖溶液+缩宫素静脉滴注,对照组在剖宫产术中胎儿娩出后即在子宫体部注射缩宫素及米索前列醇口服;观察组则于子宫体注射卡前列素氨丁三醇。术毕统计2组阴道积血量和24h内的出血量,并记录第3产程时间和不良反应发生情况。结果观察组阴道积血量和24h出血量均少于对照组,第3产程时间短于对照组,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05);观察组不良反应发生率为12.1%低于对照组的42.4%,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论卡前列素氨丁三醇预防前置胎盘剖宫产产后出血安全有效。     

腹主动脉球囊应用于凶险性前置胎盘伴胎盘植入的临床分析

目的 探讨腹主动脉球囊阻断术在预防凶险性前置胎盘伴胎盘植入患者产后出血的临床效果.方法 回顾性分析2012年1月1日至2017年12月31日在安徽省妇幼保健院住院分娩的凶险性前置胎盘伴胎盘植入的患者41例,其中应用腹主动脉球囊的患者25例为研究组,未应用腹主动脉球囊的患者16例为对照组.结果 研究组与对照组相比,出血量分别为(1032.00±634.90)mL和(2262.50±1339.59)mL,差异有统计学意义(t=3.436,P=0.003),输血量分别为(3.04±1.77)U和(6.38±3.81)U,差异有统计学意义(t=3.807,P=0.000),子宫切除率分别为0％和25.00％,差异有统计学意义(χ2=4.377,P=0.036).研究组无严重的介入相关并发症发生.结论 腹主动脉球囊应用于凶险性前置胎盘伴胎盘植入患者可明显减少产后出血率及子宫切除率,具有较好的临床效果及安全性.     

中央性前置胎盘剖宫产保留子宫30例临床分析

目的:探讨中央性前置胎盘剖宫产保留子宫的措施,努力降低产科子宫切除的发生率,提高产科质量。方法:于2003年6月至2007年12月我院产科在子宫血流暂时阻断的条件下应用子宫下段局部环形缝合加子宫动脉下行支结扎治疗中央性前置胎盘剖宫产术中大出血30例。结果:30例患者剖宫产术中能完全止血,全部抢救成功并保留子宫。平均手术时间(60±5)min,术中平均止血时间(15±3)min。结论:该术式,具有止血快,简单易行,安全快速,效果可靠,能保留子宫等优点,是控制中央性前置胎盘剖宫产出血的主要方法。     

Comparative study of transperineal and transabdominal sonography in the diagnosis of placenta previa

AIM: To assess the role of transperineal sonography (TPS) in the diagnosis of placenta previa in the third trimester and to compare it with transabdominal sonography (TAS). METHODS: Seventy-five suspected cases of placenta previa were subjected to TAS with half full bladder and to the TPS with empty bladder to visualize the inner surface of the cervix and inferior edge of the placenta. The presence or absence of placenta previa was confirmed at delivery. RESULTS: TAS depicted the inferior edge of placenta in 98.7% of cases compared to 96% with TPS. Internal cervical os was visualized in 98.7% with TAS compared to 100% with TPS. Placenta previa was confirmed at delivery in 74 cases with one false positive in TPS, six false positive in TAS. The positive predictive value (PPV) value in the diagnosis of placenta previa was 92% with TAS compared to 98.6% with TPS. Accuracy of TPS in diagnosing placenta previa was 98.7%. PPV in the diagnosis of minor degree placenta previa was less 86.36% with TAS compared to TPS 100% though for major degree both are in agreement. CONCLUSION: TPS is a valuable procedure to compliment TAS in the diagnosis of placenta previa and helps to exclude false positive and to determine the mode of delivery, although it cannot replace TAS.     

腹主动脉球囊阻断术在凶险性前置胎盘剖宫产中的应用价值

目的 探讨凶险性前置胎盘剖宫产术前行腹主动脉球囊预置,术中暂时阻断腹主动脉对母婴妊娠结局的影响.方法 回顾性分析2012年4月至2017年3月在安徽医科大学附属妇幼保健院产科住院分娩的86例凶险性前置胎盘病例资料.其中,观察组31例,剖宫产术前行腹主动脉球囊预置术,术中暂时行腹主动脉阻断;对照组55例,剖宫产术前未行腹主动脉球囊预置术.比较两组对象术中、术后情况,相关并发症差异及新生儿结局.结果 观察组术中出血量为(925.81±513.79)mL,输血量为(412.90±557.82)mL,对照组术中出血量为(1345.45±841.31)mL,输血量为(786.36±1061.07)mL,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05);两组对象手术时间、胎盘植入率、新生儿体质量及窒息发生率比较,差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05);在合并胎盘植入的病例中,两组对象手术时间及子宫切除率分别为(81.57±20.07)min、14.3％和(112.25±25.80)min、66.7％,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05).结论 对于凶险性前置胎盘尤其是合并胎盘植入的对象,剖宫产术前行腹主动脉球囊预置可有效控制术中出血量,减少输血量,缩短手术时间,降低子宫切除风险.